• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2003

A cellulose-producing strain isolated from rotten apples was identified as Gluconacetobacter hansenii based on its physiological properties and the 16S rDNA complete sequencing method, and specifically named Gluconacetobacter hansenii PJK. The amount of bacterial cellulose (BC) produced by G. hansenii PJK in a shaking incubator was 1.5 times higher than that produced in a static culture. The addition of ethanol to the medium during cultivation enhanced the productivity of bacterial cellulose, plus the supplementation of 1% ethanol into the culture medium made the produced BC aggregate into a big lump and thus protected the bacterial-cellulose-producing G. hansenii PJK cells in the shear stress field from being converted into non-cellulose-producing (Cel) mutants. Cells subcultured three times in a medium containing ethanol retained their ability to produce BC without any loss in the production yield.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2013

The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant efficacies between extracts of Prunus yedoensis(PY) and Betulae platyphyllae var. japonica(BP). HPLC pattern was different between barks and extract solvents. Content of total phenolic compound was the highest in ethanol extract of BP(382.201 mg/g ext.) and its content was 1.9 times higher than that from the water extract of PY. Total antioxidant efficacy also was the highest in ethanol extract of BP (292 copper reducing equivalents). Nitric oxide scavenging activity was almost 70% in ethanol extract of BP treated 200 ug/ml and it was higher than positive control(ascorbic acid). DPPH radical scavenging ability was up by 80% in all samples. ABTS cation decolorization from each barks was activated over 85% in all samples at 100 ug/ml concentration, especially, the activity was the highest (94.4%) in ethanol extract of BP. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities were also highest (45%) in ethanol extract of BP at 200 ug/ml concentration and were as high as positive control. Stimulation of the macrophages RAW 264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased intracellular ROS levels and ethanol extract of BP at 200 ug/ml concentration reduced ROS levels up to 41 %. The results indicated that the barks of PY and BP has potent antioxidant activities and ethanol extract of BP of them has the highest antioxidant activities.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.636-642
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine biological activities, including total contents of polyphenol, antioxidant activities, inhibitory activities of tyrosinase, and protective effect against oxidative stress in the HepG2 cells of ethanol extracts from wheat sprout. The antioxidant activity of extracts was determined by ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. Ethanol extracts were tested using different ethanol concentrations (0%, 30%, 50%, 80% and 95%, respectively). The highest amount of total polyphenol was extracted by 50% and 80% ethanol which was 26.3 and 26.8 mg gallic acid equivalents/g sample, respectively. High levels of ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity were found in 50% ethanol (26.7 and 15.0 mg TEAC/g sample, respectively) and 80% (24.3 and 16.1 mg TEAC/g sample, respectively) ethanol extracts. Also, 50% and 80% ethanol extracts indicated higher inhibitory activities of tyrosinase compared with other extracts. In the cell-based assay, pre-treatment of the HepG2 cells with wheat sprout extracts prevented the cell damage induced by TBHP (tert-butyl hydroperoxide). The results of this study indicate that wheat sprout has significantly higher diverse biological activities and apparently has significant health benefits.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.202-208
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• 2007

Persimmon is well-known as a Korean traditional medicine for alleviating coughs and enhancing blood circulation; it is also used for treatment of hypertension, cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis. To evaluate the protective properties of persimmon leaf methanol extract (PLME) and persimmon fruit methanol extract (PFME) administration on acute ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity, C57BL/6 male mice were gavaged with or without persimmon extracts for 1 week. Hepatotoxicity was then induced by gavage of 5 g/kg BW ethanol. After 12 hr of ethanol administration, blood and liver were collected and analyzed for biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity. The results showed PLME and PFME treatments decreased the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) compared with ethanol control. Both PLME and PFME reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, but elevated alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. Serum triglyceride (TG) and hepatic cholesterol levels were significantly decreased when treated with PLME and PFME. Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased in PLME and PFME groups compared with ethanol control. Furthermore, the administration of PLME and PFME significantly increased the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GSH-red). In summary, PLME and PFME appeared to prevent hepatic injury by accelerating alcohol metabolism by increasing alcohol-metabolizing enzyme activities, by activating the antioxidative enzyme system against oxidative stress, and by decreasing fat accumulation, which is evidenced by decreased hepatotoxic indices in serum.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2008

Previous studies have suggested a possible correlation between cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and stress tolerance in Bifidobacterium. In this study, the relationship was examined between CSH and environmental stress tolerance in Lactobacillus spp. By measuring the adhesion to hexadecane, 2 Lactobacillus fermentum strains- KLB 261 and KLB 231 were found to have high and low CSH, respectively. To measure their tolerance to various stresses, cells were subjected to salt (2 M NaCl), acid (pH 2), $H_2O_2$ (0.01 %, v/v), ethanol (20%, v/v), heat ($60^{\circ}C$), and cold ($-20^{\circ}C$). Compared with KLB 231, the hydrophobic KLB 261 was found to be much more resistant to the various stresses examined. After being subjected to different stresses for a period of time, KLB 261 and KLB 231 showed 50 and 0% survivability in 2 M NaCl, 108.2 and 0.6% in 0.01 %(v/v) $H_2O_2$, 40.2%(v/v), and 3.7% at $60^{\circ}C$ incubation, 4 and 0.6% at $-20^{\circ}C$, 12.9 and 0.1 % in pH 2, 33.8 and 0.2% in 20%(v/v) ethanol, respectively. Autoaggregation test and morphological observation were also conducted in an attempt to explain these differences. These results suggested that high CSH could strengthen the stress tolerance of lactobacilli.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2024

Previous studies have highlighted the pivotal role of the β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling pathway in stimulating cancer metastasis induced by chronic stress. According to the theory of traditional Korean medicine, chronic stress can induce Qi stagnation. Based on the traditional role of premature citrus unshiu peel in moving Qi, we hypothesized that an ethanol extract of premature citrus unshiu peel (EPCU) can attenuate chronic stress-induced cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the potential role of EPCU on modulating the adrenergic agonists-induced metastatic properties of liver cancer cells. Our findings revealed that adrenergic agonists, including norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and isoproterenol (ISO), augmented the migratory capacity of Hep3B human hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which was completely abrogated by EPCU treatment in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistently, EPCU inhibited the E-induced invasive property of Hep3B cells in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that EPCU efficiently attenuates adrenergic agonists-induced metastatic abilities of liver cancer cells. As a molecular mechanism, EPF suppressed the phosphorylation of major components of β-AR signaling pathway, including Src, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and ERK, induced by E treatment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that EPCU impedes the adrenergic agonists-driven metastatic potential of cancer cells by inhibiting β-AR signaling pathway. This study provides basic evidence supporting the probable use of premature citrus unshiu peel to prevent metastasis in liver cancer patients under chronic stress.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.244-248
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• 2008

It is well known that excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress, loss of cell function, and ultimately apoptosis or necrosis. To search for natural antioxidants able to modulate cellular oxidative stress, we investigated the protective effect of ethanol extracts of 17 medicinal plants selected from the preliminary antioxidant screening on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes. The result showed that extracts of the four plants, Distylium racemosum, Astilbe chinensis, Cercis chinensis and Sapium japonicum, exhibited significant cytoprotective activity (over 50% protection) against t-BuOOH-induced cellular injury.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.525-531
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• 2001

The present study investigated the protective effects of green tea against acute ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation and the change of antioxidative enzyme activities in various regions of rat brain : cortex, cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus. The following parameters were examined : malondialdehyde(MDA) levels and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given the experimental containing 1% green tea powder or control diet for 4 weeks, and at the end of feeding diet group received acute ethanol(5g/kg body weight) or equicaloric sucrose solution intragastrically. Green tea powder significantly decreased MDA levels in the striatum compared to control-non alcohol treated group to 1% green tea-non alcohol treated group without altering the antioxidative enzyme activities. Green tea resulted in a significant increase in GSH-Px activities in the hippocampus compared to either control-non alcohol treated group(0.043units/mg protein) or 1% green tea-non alcohol treated group(0.071units/mg protein). In conclusion, these results suggest that moderate consumption of green tea leaves can exert protective effects against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in brain regions, by reducing MDA concentrations in the striatum and enhancing GSH-Px activities in the hippocampus. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 525∼531, 2001)

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.48-55
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• 1998

An acute ethanol load(50mmol/kg , i.p) resulted in an increase in peroxidation and a decrease in the levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol and ascorbate in rat cerebellum. Pretreatement with allopurinol(146$\mu$mol/kg, i.p) prevented the ethnol-induced increment in lipid peroxidation and decrease in $\alpha$-tocopherol content. However, the decrease of ascorbate was of greater magnitude when allopurinol was associated with ethanol. These results suggested that allopurinol. besides its action as a radical scavenger and xanthine oxidase inhibitor, might favor the regeneration of $\alpha$-tocopherol antioxidant acitviity was studied using ${\gamma}$-radiolysis in aerated ethanolic solutions. Even though allopurinol did not react by itself with $\alpha$-hydroxyethyl-peroxyl radicals [H3C-CH(OH)OO] , it enhance the $\alpha$-hydroxyethyl-peroxyl radical scavenging properties of $\alpha$tocopherol. The regeneration of $\alpha$-tocopherol from the $\alpha$-hydroxyethyl-peroxyl radical scavenging properties of $\alpha$-tocophero. The regeneration of $\alpha$-tocopherol from the $\alpha$-tocopherol radical by ascorbate remained as efficient in the presence of allopurinol as in its absence. The effects of allopurinol on the Vitamin E oxidation-reduction mechanism could be involoved in the beneficial effectof allopurinol on the biological cellular damages linked to free radical reactions.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2022

In this study, conditions for extraction of functional component from Nypa fruticans wurmb was optimized. The yield by extraction with 30% ethanol (LE30, 42.12%) was higher than those hot water extraction (LDW 33.32%), 50% ethanol (LE50, 40.12%) and 70% ethanol (LE70, 34.5%). The extract was purified and analyzed by GC MS. The prevailing compounds found in extract were Cyclodecasiloxane-, pentadecanoic acid, -eicosane, undecanal and tridecanoic acid. The presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in ethanolic extract vindicate the use of this plant to treat many diseases in traditional medicine. The total phenolic contents in the LDW, LE30, LE50, LE70 extract were 128±1.65 mg/g, 205±2.3 mg/g, 210±4.23 mg/g and 180±5.6 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH was highest in LE70 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 81.14%), ABTS was highest in LE50 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 84.14%). The protective effects against oxidative stress in raw 264.7 cell imparted by the LE50 extract was better than those imparted by the other extracts. The findings of the present study suggest that 50% ethanol is best solvent for extraction of Nypa fruticans Wurmb, considering yield, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activities with extraction cost.