• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.582-595
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• 2003

Statement of problem : Most posts are metallic, but in response to the need for a post that possesses optical properties compatible with an all-ceramic crown. an esthetic post has been developed. Although there have been many studies about the esthetic post materials, 3-dimensional finite element studies about the stress distribution of them are in rare. Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate comparatively the distribution of stresses of the restored, endodontically treated maxillary incisors with the esthetic post materials and the displacement on the cement layer on simulated occlusal loading by using a 3-dimensional finite element analysis model. Material and method : Four 3-dimensional finite element models were constructed in a view of a maxillary central incisor, a post, a core, and the supporting tissues to investigate the stresses in various esthetic posts and cores and the displacement on the cement layer (Model 1 ; Cast gold post and core, Model 2 ; Glass fiber post with composite core, Model 3 ; Zirconia post with composite core. Model 4 ; Zirconia post with ceramic core). Force of 300N was applied to the incisal edge and the cingulum (centric stop point) with the angle of 135-degree to the long axis of the tooth. Results : 1. The stresses and displacement on the incisal edge were higher than on the cingulum 2. The stresses in dentin were the highest in Model 2 (Glass fiber post with composite core), and the second was Model 3, the third Model 1, and the lowest Model 4. 3. The stresses in post and core were the highest in Model 4 (Zirconia post with ceramic core), and the second was Model 1, the third Model 3, and the lowest Model 2. 4. The displacement on the cement layer was the highest in Model 2 (Glass fiber post with composite core), and the second was Model 3, the third Model 1, and the lowest Model 4. Conclusion : When a functional maximum bite force was applied, the distribution of stresses or the esthetic post and core materials and the displacement on the cement layer were a little different. It seems that restoring extensively damaged incisors with esthetic post and core materials would be decided according to the remaining tooth structure.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2014

총의치 보철은 잔존 자연치가 완전히 소실된 환자를 위한 상, 하악의 상실된 관련 구조물과 자연치의 수복을 포함한다. 보철치료의 궁극적인 목적중에 심미적 그리고 기능적인 회복이 포함된다. 최근에는 고령의 환자들에도 심미적인 요구가 크게 증가되고 있기에 총의치 보철치료에 있어서도 이점을 간과해서는 안 된다. 총의치 보철치료에서도 자연 치아와 유사하게 보이기 위해 치아 마모 정도 및 배열, 치경부 치은의 퇴축, 착색, 치은의 색조 개선 등을 표현하려는 다양한 시도들이 이루어져 왔다. 본 61세 여환은 5년 전 개인치과에서 제작한 의치가 부러지고 잘 맞지 않는다는 주소로 본원 보철과 내원하였고 상악 총의치 및 하악의 임플란트 피개의치를 제작하기로 계획하였다. 환자는 기본적인 저작기능의 회복을 고려하고 있었지만, 그보다는 자연스럽고 심미적인 총의치 제작에 최우선 순위를 두고 있었다. 심미적이며 자연스러운 형태를 표현하기 위하여 Aesthetic Color Set Easy system$^{(R)}$ (Candulor dental GmbH, Wangen, Germany)을 활용하여 치은의 다양한 색조를 재현한 총의치를 제작하였다. 보철물 시적이 완료되었고 총의치의 기능적인 면이 회복되었을 뿐만 아니라 환자의 심미적인 요구까지 충족시킬 수 있었다. 적절한 심미적 재료의 선택과 더불어 개개인에 적합한 특성을 잘 표현할 수 있다면 환자와 치과의사 모두에게 만족감을 주는 총의치 보철치료가 가능할 것이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.372-382
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• 2002

As the most of dentofacial deformity patients indicated to orthognathic surgery have strong desire for esthetic improvement as well as functional improvement, ideal esthetic evaluation should be made at surgical prediction. Lateral cephalographs has been commonly used for surgical prediction, however, remarkable discrepancy between esthetic viewpoint by simple looking and analysis on lateral cephalographs often found on evaluation of sagittal position of the upper and lower jaws especially in cases of mandibular prognathism of Koreans. In these cases, we have been employed Esthetic NaP(ENaP)-line for corrective evaluation and ideal surgical prediction on lateral cephalographs, but the efficacy of ENaP-line has not been evaluated. This is a study on efficacy of ENaP-line for orthognathic surgery of Korean mandibular prognathism. 170 Korean patients who had been diagnosed as mandibular prognathism and planned for orthognathic surgery at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University during last 10 years are studied. The obtained results are as followings; among 170 patients of mandibular prognathism, 132 patients(77.6%) had not discrepancy in evaluation of sagittal position of the maxilla between cephalometric and esthetic evaluation(they are classified as Group I), however, 38 patients(22.4%) had definite discrepancy(they are classified as Group II). ENaP-line was employed in all cephalometric analysis of Group II. The proportions of male and female were similar in both Groups. Sixteen vertical reference lines perpendicular to 16 horizontal reference lines were obtained as followings; Each of the representative degree of ${\angle}SN/AFH$, ${\angle}SN/CFH$ and ${\angle}AFH/CFH$ obtained at Group I was applied to SN plane, AFH plane and CFH plane of Group II each other, and so 16 horizontal reference lines could be obtained individually according to each of the applied degree to each plane. And then their reliability to coincide with ENaP-line of Group II was evaluated. A vertical reference line perpendicular to a horizontal line made by application of the representative degree of ${\angle}$AFH/CFH in Group I to AFH line in Group II had the most highest coincidence with ENaP-line of Group II, however, its agreement was 42% in male and 47% in female. From this results, the rest of them should be determined their corrective jaw position definitely depend on

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.288-295
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• 2021

본 연구는 여성의 피부 관리실 이용 선호도 및 피부미용 홈 케어 만족도 조사 연구를 목적으로 2021년 3월 11일-3월 29일 까지 255명을 대상으로 온라인과 오프라인을 이용하여 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0 를 이용하여 Cronbach's α, Frequency Analysis, chi-square test, 기술 통계, One way Anova로 분석하였다. 조사 결과 피부 관리실 이용 선호도에서 전문 피부 관리실을 이용한다고 답한 응답자(56.1%)가 가장 많았으나 20대와 사무직(57.1%)은 피부과 병원을 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 피부 관리실 선택 시 고려사항으로는 직원들의 기술(숙련, 유행)에 대한 항목이 38.8%로 높게 나타났으며 피부 관리 행태에서 클렌징 등 기초 화장품(M=4.47)과 기능성 화장품(M=4.20) 사용이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 피부미용 홈 케어 현황을 살펴보면 결혼여부는 기타(M=4.50)가 가장 높았고, 학력별로는 대졸(M=3.84)이, 직업별로는 Service Job(M=4.06)이 가장 높게 나타나고 있으므로 이에 따른 피부미용 전문 프로그램 개발 및 피부 관리실과 홈 케어를 병행할 수 있는 프로그램 개발에 대한 필요성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 1998

The improvement of esthetic dentistry has been accelerated from the development of composite resin and dentin-enamel adhesive since 1980's. The indirect composite resin restorations have more accurate proximal contact point and occlusal form than direct restoration. And the side effect of resin shrinkage is minimal because the amount of composite used in oral cavity is limited in cement space. As a results, marginal leakage, hypersensitivity, secondary caries, and discoloration are significantly diminished. The first generation laboratory composite resin used in indirect resin restoration had been widespread in 1980's and the second generation laboratory composite resins were developed in 1990's. The second generation laboratory composite resins are called Ceramic Polymer. The physical properties of Ceramic Polymer are improved because of high content of inorganic filler, and the esthetics and biocompatibility are better than that of the first generation resin. So the application range using composite resin have been broadened. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Targis & Vectris system that is classified to second generation laboratory composite and to report several cases in which the system was utilized for restoration.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.366-374
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• 2000

FRC/ceromer system provides the clinician with a durable, flexible, and esthetic alternative to conventional porcelain fused to metal crowns. FRC is the matrix which is silica-coated and embedded in a resin matrix. The ceromer material which is a second generation indirect composite resin contains silanized, microhybrid inorganic fillers embedded in a light-curing organic matrix. FRC/ceromer restoration has a several advantages: better shock absorption, less wear of occluding teeth, translucency, color stability, bonding ability to dental hard tissues, and resiliency. It has versatility of use including inlay, onlay, single crown, and esthetic veneers. With adhesive technique, it can be used for single tooth replacement in forms of inlay adhesion bridge. In single tooth missing case, conventional PFM bridge has been used for esthetic restoration. However, this restoration has several disadvantages such as high cost, potential framework distortion during fabrication, and difficulty in repairing fractures. Inlay adhesion bridge with FRC/ceromer would be a good alternative treatment plan. This article describes a cases restored with Targis/Vectris inlay adhesion bridge. Tooth preparation guide, fabrication procedure, and cementation procedure of this system will be dealt. The strength/weakness of this restoration will be mentioned, also. If it has been used appropriately in carefully selected case, it can satisfy not only dentist's demand of sparing dental hard tissue but also patient's desire of seeking a esthetic restorations with a natural appearance.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 1999

임플란트 술식을 이용하여 소실된 구강조직을 수복하는 방법은 보철적 수복 술식중 중요한 부분을 차지하고 있다. 구강수복의 목적은 손상된 구강조직의 기능성, 심미, 발음 등을 회복하는 데 있다. 최근 환자, 치과의사, 기공사들의 심미성에 대한 요구가 증가하는 추세이므로 임플란트 보철수복의 자연미에 대한 관심 또한 고조되고 있다. 최종 보철물의 심미적인 결과에는 형태, 색조, 비율, 잇몸의 형태 등등의 많은 요소가 관여한다. 자연감과 생동감이 있는 인공보철물을 환자에게 제공해 주기 위하여 주의 깊은 진단 및 치료계획과 이를 뒷받침하는 기공사의 역할이 필수적이다. 자연감 있게 보이는 임플란트 보철물을 제공하기 위하여 재료, 잇몸의 재현, 형태 및 발음, 보철물의 design 등에 관하여 screw type, cement type, 그리고 overdentuure 등의 몇 가지 증례를 통하여 살펴보고자 한다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2009

심한 치아 우식증, 외상, 발육성 결함으로 인한 근관치료 및 광범위한 수복이 필요한 소아, 청소년 시기의 유전치 및 영구 전치부 치료는 소아치과 의사에게 어려운 문제이다. 전치부에 사용되어온 기존의 수복 방법은 치질 손상이 광범위한 경우 유지력과 심미적 한계를 가지고 있으며, 특히 청소년기에 영구 전치를 수복할 경우 심미성과 유지력 뿐 아니라 성장 완료 후 영구 보철물 수복을 위한 전 준비 단계를 고려해야 한다. 본 증례는 소아, 청소년기의 광범위한 전치부 치관 손상에서 섬유 강화형 포스트를 이용하여 심미적 수복을 시도하였으며 양호한 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.82-90
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• 2000

치과 재료분야는 그 동안 많은 발전을 해왔음에도 불구하고 자연치아의 색조 재현 및, 인접 치와의 조화에 따른 심미성과 지대치와의 적합성 등에 많은 문제가 야기되어왔다. 기존 all ceramic 은 단관 제작 시 심미적인 요구가 다소 해결되었으나 bridge work 에 있어서는 그 강도 및, 작업의 효율성은 여전히 문제시되어 오고 있다. 최근 기존 Inceram의 단점을 보안한 Celay Inceram system은 spinell, alumina, zirconia Blanks를 이용하여 더욱더 기능적인 자연스러움으로 접근되어진다. 이에 그 system의 alumina blank를 이용한 bridge work 의 임상 증례를 살펴보기로 한다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to develop the model including multiple causal relationship between factors to evaluate overall user satisfaction and develop an objective method to quantify the impacts and scores of each qualitative factors on overall user satisfaction using Structural Equation Model(SEM) and also test the feasibility to construct a comprehensive website evaluation model including qualitative and quantitative factors. The SEM model used 2 qualitative factors of usability and esthetic factors for the evaluation factors of user satisfaction and select 4 attributes of each factors using factor analysis. 3 shopping mall sites were evaluated to construct the SEM model, and 155 subjects participated the website evaluation using the walk-through and face-to-face survey method. Analysis results showed that the SEM model was statistically significant for all the 3 websites evaluated. Both the usability and esthetic factors showed significant effects to user satisfaction of websites and have positive correlation. The user satisfaction was more effected by the usability factor than esthetic factors, and the simplification and harmonization were the most critical attributes of the usability and esthetic factors.