• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.239-243
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• 2008

Equisetum hyemale L. has been prescribed widely as a traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, conjunctivitis, pyelonephritis. In order to identification the mechanism, we examined an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of 85% methanol extract of E. hyemale. In this study E. hyemale exhibited strong scavenging effect on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, superoxide radical, and nitric oxide. To elucidate the anti-inflammatory properties of E. hyemale, we investigated the inhibition effects of nitric oxide and IL-6 by E. hyemale in IFN-gamma and LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. E. hyemale suppressed nitric oxide, IL-6 production and iNOS expression dose-dependently without notable cytotoxic activity. These data suggest that E. hyemale might be useful in inflammatory diseases by inhibiting the free radicals and inflammatory mediators.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2009

Equisetum hyemale Linne. (EH) (Equisetaceae) has been used for the treatment of eye and skin disease, chronic eczema, pneumoconiosis and asthma in Korea and China. Human leukemic mast cells are widely distributed in the connective tissues of mammals and other vertebrates. Phorbol 12-myristrate 13-acetate (PMA) and calcium ionophore A23187 stimulated Human leukaemic mast cell line-1 (HMC-1) can produce a variety of inflammatory mediators and several pro-inflammatory and chemotactic cytokines such as TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8. Since TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8 are major factors during the inflammatory process, we studied the effects of EH on TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8 release in HMC-1 stimulated with PMA and A23187. The result of this study indicate that EH inhibits TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6 and IL-8 in activated HMC-1 cells via $I{\kappa}B$/Nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ pathway. Therefore, EH might contribute significantly to the prevention or treatment of mast-cell mediated inflammatory diseases and EH has potential use in the therapy of chronic allergic inflammation.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.86-92
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• 2021

Background: The presence of antioxidants was not confirmed in the medicinal plant Equisetum hyamale grass. Purposes: This study was to determine the antioxidant and elastase inhibition effects of extracts of E. hyemale. Methods: Antioxidant functions of E. hyemale stems and roots were measured and extracted with hot water (HW) and ethyl alcohol (70EOH, 100EOH). Results: The extraction yield of stems was higher in HW extraction than in ethyl alcohol extraction. The polyphenol content was significantly higher in the root extract than in the stem. Total flavonoid content of 70EOH extract was significantly higher in root extract than in stem. The elastase inhibitory function of the extract was 46% in the root and 49% in the stem at 100 ppm of the extract. The ABTS free radical scavenging function was in the order of HW<70EOH<100EOH

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2021

Background: Results on the action of antioxidants in extracts of Equisetum hyemale stems and roots have already been reported, but the antioxidant properties have not been analyzed. Purpose: This study was to determine the molecular structure of antioxidants in substances extracted from E. hyemale stems and roots. Methods: Component analysis was analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS after extraction with hot water and ethyl alcohol. Results: The HPLC chromatogram of stem and root extracts showed four significant peaks at a wavelength of 205 nm. Peak 1 at 280 nm is a typical simple phenolic type, and both peaks 2-4 near 280 nm and 370 nm are typical flavonoid glycosides. As for the antioxidant level of the extract by HPLC analysis, the sum of the peaks at 740 nm was the highest at 3,669 mAU in the 100% ethanol extract, 3,096 mAU in the 70% ethanol extract, and 2,868 mAU in the hot water extract. As a result of LC-MS analysis of the antioxidant extract, kaempferol-3-sophoroside-7-glucoside with a molecular weight of 772 da at peak 3, and kaempferol-3-sophoroside-8-glucoside with a molecular weight of 788 and 772 at peak 4 was identified. Conclusions: The above results show that two types of antioxidants were identified in the antioxidant extract of E. hyemale exrtracts. Therefore, the potential as a raw material for functional cosmetics has increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.19-27
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• 2016

This study is to find appropriate plant for infiltration swale (which is natural LID infrastructure) and suggest basic research database for building infrastructure of LID facilities. Through the research inside, it first selects the plant strong to flooding and salt tolerance. Also, the research built infiltration swale along the road, planted those strong plants and monitored how well those plants adapted into the environment. Particularly, it showered 72mm/hr-speed artificial shower, also with natural shower, given that plants were vulnerable to flood because of influx of the rain. As a result of field applicability monitoring, Pennisetum alopecuroides and Equisetum hyemale (which degrade the pollutant well and adapt into rainy environment) are planting individually, or Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Liriope platyphylla, Miscanthus sinensis Andersson, Euonymus japonica (which are strong to rainy environment) and Pennisetum alopecuroides and Equisetum hyemale are mixed planting. The research should have monitored the plant for more than one year to study them, but the research only lasted five months. Therefore, it is hard to generalize. After all, through the long term research, it should pursue study more on appropriate plant materials and database that can be the reference for infrastructure establishment and maintenance.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.466-476
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• 2014

In this study, 10 species of plants with high adaptability to aquatic environments were compared for selecting plant species suitable for vegetation-based low impact development (LID) facilities. The flooding tolerances of the plants were tested by analyzing their growth status under half-immersion and full-immersion conditions, with varying durations of immersion. In decreasing order of flooding tolerance, the comparative analysis of plant height and leaf width is as follows: Hemerocallis fulva, Juncus effusus var. decipiens, Iris pseudoacorus, Phragmites communis TRIN, Typha orientalis C.Presl, Aster koraiensis Nakai, Iris sanguinea, Equisetum hyemale, Acorus calamus. Specifically, Hemerocallis fulva, Juncus effusus var. decipiens. Iris pseudoacorus showed excellent growth status under both immersion conditions. Iris sanguinea and Equisetum hyemale. withered to death by around day 27 of the experiment, but their flooding tolerance was confirmed to be relatively high. Iris pseudoacoru showed flooding tolerance under the half-immersion condition unlike under the full-immersion condition, when compared on day 21 of the experiment. Aster koraiensis Nakai also thrived better under the half-immersion condition, proving to be a highly immersion-resistant species. On the basis of the results of this experiment, Hemerocallis fulva, Juncus effusus var. decipiens and Iris pseudoacorus, Typha orientalis C.Presl were selected as species suitable for vegetation-based LID facilities.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2007

This study was carried out to select the utilizable vegetations for the stabilization of slopes and river banks, landscape creation and water quality cleansing in dams, lakes and streams. In this study, 4 species were investigated for their survival and growth characteristics in the complete and partly flooding conditions with various flooding periods. The results are as followings; Acorus calamus var. angustatus showed the highest flooding tolerance based on survival rate and growth condition. Equisetum hyemale, Acorus gramineus and Salix gracilistyla followed after Acorus calamus var. angustatus in the order of flooding tolerance. Particularly, A. calamus var. angustatus and E. hyemale showed higher survival rate and grew well even when they were completely submerged in the water up to 120 days. As they were partially submerged longer, they grew better. This ascertained that they had strong flooding tolerance. When A. gramineus were completely submerged in the water, their growth was disturbed but they did not die in the complete submergence up to 120 days. A. gramineus had a small growth disturbance and showed the highest vitality of leaves among the species. Though S. gracilistyla showed somewhat low growth rate in the complete water submergence and died in 90 days, it also can grow back to normal with some changes of water level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.43-63
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the vascular plants in the Baekdudaegan Mountains and to provide the basic data necessary for future ecosystem conservation measures. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 699 taxa including 98 families, 338 genera, 598 species, 4 subspecies, 80 varieties, and 17 forms. There were 427 taxa in A-section, 451 taxa in B-section, 361 taxa in C-section, and 455 taxa in D-section. The rare plants were 37 taxa including 2 taxa of the CR, EN, and DD each, 12 taxa of the VU, and 19 taxa of the LC. The Korean endemic plants were 30 taxa including Salix koriyanagi Kimura, Hanabusaya asiatica (Nakai) Nakai, Carex okamotoi Ohwi, and so forth. The northern plants were 41 taxa including Equisetum hyemale L., Anemone reflexa Steph. et Willd., Symplocarpus renifolius Schott ex Miq., and so forth. The naturalized plants were 33 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub, Coreopsis lanceolata L., Poa pratensis L., and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Rumex acetocella L., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., and Aster pilosus Willd.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.399-402
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• 2002

Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) belongs to the class of zinc protease and plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. In this experiment, we investigated the inhibitory activities of medicinal plant extracts on ACE. Fifty medicinal plants were selected and the extracts were prepared by refluxing with 70% methanol. Among the extracts, eleven medicinal plant extracts such as Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Petasites japonicus(s.et z.) Max, Rubus coreanus, Morus bombycis Koidz, Acorus calamus var. angustatus, Glycyrhiza glabra, Equisetum hyemale, Portulaca oleracea L., Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai, Sorbus commixta Hedl, Allium thunbergii showed more than 50% inhibitory activities, and Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., lnula helenium, Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, Dendrobium moniliforme, Juglans mandshurica, Zizyphus jujuba, Leonurus artemisia, Aster scaber Thunb, Vitex rotundifolia, Platycodon grandiflorum, Prunus persica, Ligularia fischeri showed $40{\sim}49%$ inhibitory activities. Therefore these extracts which contain high ACE inhibitory activities may be useful as antihypertension agents and to the treatment of hypertension.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.445-468
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of vascular plants growing at the Mt. Daedun provincial park area in the boundary between Nonsan-si, Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do and Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. We collected the vascular plants 9 times from May 2016 to July 2017. The flora of Mt. Daedun was classified as a total of 434 taxa comprising of 95 families, 278 genera, 388 species, 3 subspecies, 38 varieties and 5 forma. Among them, the endemic plants in Korea that the investigation found were 11 taxa including Broussonetia kazinoki Siebold, Clematis trichotoma Nakai, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum Nakai, etc. It also found rare plant species, as designated by the Korea Forest Service were 6 taxa including 5 grade LC taxa such as Eranthis stellata Maxim., Viola albida Palib., and Scopolia japonica Maxim. and 1 grade DD taxa, Scrophularia koraiensis Nakai. The special floristic plants were a total of 35 taxa such as 9 taxa in degree III (Eranthis stellata Maxim., Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim., Acer palmatum Thunb., etc.), 7 taxa in degree II (Equisetum hyemale L., Potentilla dickinsii Franch.&Sav., Viola orientalis (Maxim.) W. Becker, etc.) and 19 taxa in degree I (Dryopteris crassirhizoma Nakai, Cephalotaxus koreana Nakai, Ulmus parvifolia Jacq., etc.) to provide basic data. No taxa in grade V or IV were found. The naturalized plants were 34 taxa including Rumex acetosella L., Phytolacca americana L. and Chenopodium album L., and the percentage of urbanization index was 10.6% while the naturalized plant index was 7.7%.