• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.153-171
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to compare and derive the importance of motivating factors for start-up when deciding to start a business in the logistics and trading industries, and to compare, derive, and identify which motivating factors have an important influence on the start-up decision. In this study, 4 high-level factors such as career factors, policy/institutional factors, environmental factors, and economic factors and 12 low-level factors were derived from those four factors. Based on this, a questionnaire was distributed to established and prospective entrepreneurs, and the results were analyzed using the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique. Manufacturing companies recognized the individual's capabilities and government support for them as important. Beside, service companies recognized the industrial environment that could generate economic benefits as important. Although there are differences in perception by group, it can be seen that factors that are recognized as important within each group have connectivity and show the same directivity.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2022

This study analyzes FCEV among measures to respond to climate change policies. In particular, it proposes alternatives to solve this problem in the trade industry, which relies on transportation sectors with high greenhouse gas emissions such as exports and imports of goods. Therefore, when FCEV is introduced in the transportation sector, changes in CO2 emissions, a greenhouse gas, and changes in logistics costs for changes in CO2 emissions are set through scenarios to evaluate the impact on product trade, such as imports and exports. As a result, the increase in logistics costs due to carbon dioxide emissions affected the import and export volume of goods, and when FCEV was introduced, the export volume would increase by up to 5.6%, and the import volume by up to 30%. In addition, CO2 emissions decreased to about 60% in 2050. Therefore, the introduction of FCEV in the transportation sector will greatly contribute to increasing sales in the trading industry and will be able to solve environmental problems such as greenhouse gas reduction.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.23-32
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• 2024

Purpose: Increasingly limited environmental resources encourage all sectors to implement robust distribution systems, including Logistics Service Provider (LSP) as a company that manages customer logistics activities. However, efforts to achieve a robust distribution system have many challenges. To overcome these challenges, as a first step, LSP needsto classify and analyze the challenges faced and find solutions. Knowledge of the challengesin managing robust logisticsisstill not widely researched in developing countries. This paper explores existing research gaps in the region. Research design, data and methodology: The research enquiries used are a questionnaire and in-depth interviews. In the field study, surveys, observations, interviews related to robust logistics implementation in the LSP were carried out. Results: The results of the study show that although robust logistics is recognized as very important, understanding among LSPs is still very diverse. The main challengesfound in this study come from the economic aspect and the internal conditions of the organization. Conclusion: LSP is advised to carry out internal strengthening of the company, especially for economic and organizational aspects therefore they can implement robust and sustainability practices more intensively. LSP needs to have good financial support in order to implement the aspects on an ongoing basis.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.143-163
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the impact of ESG activities on the corporate performance of logistics companies in Korea. To achieve this, the study examines the factors influencing the adoption and implementation of ESG activities, assesses the extent to which ESG activities enhance corporate trust and image, and empirically analyzes the effect of ESG implementation on the corporate performance of logistics companies. An online survey was conducted using Google Forms for Korean logistics companies, and a total of 463 data sets were utilized for PLS structural equation analysis using the SmartPLS 4.0 software tools. The findings of the study are as follows: Firstly, external pressure, specifically government pressure, significantly influences environmental responsibility activities, while investor pressure significantly affects social responsibility activities and governance responsibility activities. Additionally, internal management pressures significantly impact environmental responsibility activities, and employees have a significant influence on all ESG responsibility activities. Secondly, environmental responsibility activities positively affect corporate image, whereas social and governance responsibility activities influence trust and corporate image. Thirdly, trust and corporate image demonstrate significant effects on both financial and non-financial performance. Fourthly, trust significantly mediates the relationship between social responsibility, governance responsibility, and non-financial performance, while image mediates the connection between ESG responsibility and both financial and non-financial performance. The contribution of this study lies in providing practical insights for logistics companies to actively promote ESG activities, thereby establishing a reputation for being environmentally, socially, and governance responsible and gaining customer trust. By doing so, this study aims to raise awareness of the importance of ESG activities in the logistics industry and help companies recognize their significance for sustainable management

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.105-118
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• 2019

In the past two decades, due to the rapid fluctuations in the oil supply and demand in Northeast Asia as well as a surge in oil prices in the early 2000s, Korea has been developing the Northeast Asia Oil Hub project as a national project. This project was promoted based on the policy consideration that the nation's energy security and regional development can be promoted by establishing an oil hub in Northeast Asia that can eventually replace Singapore as East Asia's oil logistics hub. Following the construction of a large-scale oil storage facility in Yeosu in 2013, the main project in Ulsan has suffered many difficulties due to environmental changes such as the supply and demand of oil and political factors. The survey, which investigated the performance, problems, and prospects of the oil hub project, illustrates that scores of all sectors are of average level. In terms of performance and prospects, policies such as facility investment, law, and system improvement were determined to be rather high while operational areas such as value-added activities, profitability, and marketing activities were perceived as having more serious problems by respondents. In conclusion, despite the strong potential of Korea's oil hub based on its geographical location, facilities, and oil product capacity, there are problems related to policies, institutions, and investment. In the future, the oil hub business should be reviewed by considering environmental factors, and a drastic improvement plan for attracting foreign investors and oil traders should be established.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.19-36
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• 2020

The bidding phase for logistics outsourcing services is critical for both shippers and logistics companies. According to the logistics bidding phase, the shipper should provide logistics operation information to logistics companies to resolve uncertainty. In addition, the logistics company can win the contract volume that was placed in the bid by expressing their experience and know-how, and proposing to share the risks and benefits of the shipper's logistics operation. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the factors that can be identified during the bidding phase for logistics outsourcing and how these factors affect the satisfaction of logistics outsourcing services. Based on the factors identified in the preceding studies on logistics outsourcing partnership factors and those on logistics outsourcing determinants, a survey was conducted on experts engaged in logistics companies, performing logistics for domestic shippers and analyzed using Smart-PLS. This study presents the following implications. First, in the logistics bidding phase, the shipper should provide its logistics operation information to logistics firms to resolve uncertainties. Details An in-depth explanation of the operation details will be presented via the bidding presentation, and on-site tours of manufacturing plants and logistics centers should also be carried out if necessary. Second, in the bidding phase, logistics companies should appeal through proposals to their competitiveness, such as experience and knowledge of the logistics of the shipper, and also consider alliances with other logistics companies to supplement their insufficient logistics services. Third, logistics companies should make proposals to share profits and risks through logistics outsourcing during the bidding phase, propose accepting risks from environmental uncertainties of the shipper within its capacity to an acceptable extent, and share the benefits of carrying out the shipper's logistics.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.112-120
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• 2021

Recently, the number of consumers using digital online distribution platforms is increasing. This caused the rapid growth of the e-commerce market and increased delivery volume in urban areas. The logistics system, designed ar006Fund the city center to handle the delivery volume, operates a delivery system from the outskirts of the city to the urban area using cargo trucks. This maintains an ecosystem of high-cost and inefficient structures that increase social costs such as road traffic congestion and environmental problems. To solve this problem, research is being conducted worldwide to establish a high-efficiency urban joint logistics system using urban railway facilities and underground space infrastructure existing in existing cities. The joint logistics system begins with linking unmanned delivery automation services that link terminal delivery such as cargo classification and stacking, infrastructure construction that performs cargo transfer function by separating from passengers such as using cargo platform. To this end, it is necessary to apply the device to the vertical and horizontal transportation machine supporting the vertical transfer in the flat space of the joint logistics terminal, which is the base technology for transporting cargo using the transfer robot to the destination designated as a freight-only urban railway vehicle. Therefore, this paper aims to derive holistic viewpoints needs for design requirements for vertical and vertical transportation machines and freight transportation standard containers, which are underground railway logistics transport devices to be constructed by urban logistics ecosystem changes.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.253-270
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• 2011

The problem of global warming faced a big turning point due to the adoption of "Kyoto protocol"in 1997. Therefore, by enacting "Act on Advancement of Integration and Streamlining of Distribution Business"and "green logistics partnership council"to reduce $CO_2$ emission, fulfillment of distribution work is comprehensively and effectively supported by Japan. In particular, the green management certification system, which promotes green management based on the independent and planned environmental measures of transportation service of harbor employers, warehouse operators, and trucking employers of logistics sector, is promoted. As such, the Japanese government is actively promoting the eco-friendly green logistics policy to reduce $CO_2$ emission in terms of the prevention of global warming by building the comprehensive and efficient logistics system. Therefore, this thesis studied the status of the green logistics policy of Japan where the eco-friendly logistics system is being built ahead of Korea and as a result, it presented the implications on the green logistics strategy which is eco-friendly and can be developed continuously, the development of eco-friendly green logistics industry, the introduction of green logistics certification system, Departmental roles and responsibility of administrative agencies.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.119-146
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• 2023

Purpose - As the severity of air pollution caused by the shipping industry is becoming evident, port authorities have started making efforts to reduce air pollutants. Considering the limitations of the currently implemented emission-control area (ECA) and vessel-speed reduction program (VSRP), which are narrow in the designation range and navigation behavior of ships, this study proposes an emission-control route (ECR) that can complement the aforementioned two environmental policies. Design/methodology - This study was conducted on Korea-China trade service routes (ports of call) of regular liners. This study employed vessel-specific data, which is from an automatic identification system (AIS), for 1,728 maritime transportations performed by 387 container vessels during one year (July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2022). Performing a scenario analysis, this study analyzed the effectiveness of reduced air-pollutant emissions. Findings - This study found that the implementation of ECRs could increase average voyage time by 12.38%-25.28% but reduced air-pollutant emissions by 29.02%-43.54%. Additionally, the increase in average voyage times reduces the anchorage time of ships outside ports, providing an incentive for ship operators to voluntarily participate in compliance with regulations, thereby contributing to the establishment of a virtuous cycle of air-environmental policies related to ships. Originality/value - This study aims to verify the policy effectiveness by designing an ECR scope for liner trade routes between Korea and China. Therefore, originality and the value of this study includes conceptualizing the ECR system, analyzing its environmental performance, and exploring new policies that can be implemented while complementing existing policies.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.147-172
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• 2012

The aim of this research is to identify the competencies required by freight forwarding company logistics managers or supply chain managers. And this research also attempts to show their relative importance and key knowledge areas that require improvement. Using a survey questionnaire, data was collected against forty three logistics and supply chain management skills or competencies, which were then grouped into four categories and analysed. The Analysis revealed that supply chain awareness, ability to make decisions, analytical skill, communication skill, supply chain cost, people skill, and integration of internal or external information flow which belong to logistics planning group are considered the most important competencies for effective and efficient logistics functioning. On the other hand, reverse logistics and IATA regulations from environmental awareness group show little influence on logistics managers for improving their logistics performances. The results have implications for a variety of parties including prospective logisticians, students, teachers and companies considering expanding their business to Chinese market. For example, the results permit companies to employ appropriate logistics managers who are qualified with sufficient skills and competencies suggested in this research. In the case of practitioners, the results provide a benchmark for comparison with their current level of abilities and suggested competencies.