• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2014

The safety of fake anti-impotence drugs (fake Viagra : 26 samples, fake Cialis : 25 samples) distributed in Gyeonggi province was studied by monitoring the concentrations of anti-impotence pharmaceutical ingredient and their analogues. The concentrations of anti-impotence pharmaceutical ingredient 4 specis and their analogues 17 specis were estimated using by HPLC/PDA, LC-MS/MS. The range of concentration of sildenafil in fake viagra was 40~199 mg/tablet, among them the portion of the concentrations of sildenafil over 150 mg/tablet exceeded 65%. 3 cases in tested samples contained sildenafil and tadalafil. The range of concentration of sildenafil in fake cialis was 102~249 mg/tablet, among them the portion of the concentrations of sildenafil over 150 mg/tablet exceeded 88%. One case in tested samples contained demethylhongdenafil (90 mg/tablet). These results indicate that there were many fake anti-impotence drug contained high level of anti-impotence pharmaceutical ingredients, a sustainable monitoring and the blocked distribution of fake anti-impotence drugs recommended.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07e
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• pp.1806-1808
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• 1998

Tests of pilot-scale plasma DeSOx-DeNOx system using pulsed streamer corona were carried out. The system consists of the reactor with wire-plate electrodes the $30kW_{max}$. MPC type pulse generator, and $1MW_{th}$ pulverized coal combustor as a flue gas source. $NH_3$ and $C_2H_4$ were used to enhance the removal rate. The experimental result on the removal efficiency of SOx/NOx and on the effect of the additives was presented in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.187-196
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• 2021

When evaluating the extent of the impact of water pollutants on the surrounding area, we would like to present the target level (proposal) of the quality of the environment, which is the standard for evaluation. We propose the environmental quality target level for substances that need to be applied domestically by investigating overseas cases operating the integrated environmental management system and the implications of domestic environmental pollutant management. The appropriateness of the environmental quality target level reviewed in this study was determined using data from the water quality measuring network, and future improvement measures were proposed. We review the available methodologies for setting quality objectives for the environment. It proposed the environmental quality target level for 21 substances that have domestic water pollutant emission standards and do not have environmental standards, and proposed future improvement measures. If it is necessary to add quality target-level items of the environment in the future, it is believed that expansion will be possible based on the methodology presented in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2014

Objectives: This study is intended to seek credible and efficient measurements on airborne asbestos concentrations that allow immediate action by establishing complementary data through comparative analysis with existing PCM and KF-100 method real-time monitoring equipment in working areas in Seoul where asbestos-containing buildings are being demolished, including living environment surroundings. Materials: We measured airborne asbestos concentrations using PCM and KF-100 at research institutes, monitoring networks, subway stations and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings. Through this measurement data and KF-100 performance testing, we drew a conversion factor and applied it via KF-100. Finally we verified the relationship between PCM and KF-100 with statistical methods. Results: The airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM for the objects of study were less than the detection limit(7 fiber/$mm^2$) in three (20%) out of 15 samples. The highest concentration was 0.009 f/cc. The airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM in laboratories, monitoring networks, subway stations and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings were respectively $0.002{\pm}0.000$ f/cc, $0.004{\pm}0.001$ f/cc, $0.009{\pm}0.001$ f/cc, and $0.002{\pm}0.000$ f/cc. As a result of KF-100 performance testson rooftops, the conversion factor was 0.1958. Applying the conversion factor to KF-100 for laboratories, the airborne asbestos concentrations ratio of the two ways was nearly 1:1.5($R^2$=0.8852). Also,the airborne asbestos concentration ratio of the two ways was nearly 1:1($R^2$=0.9071) for monitoring networks, subway stations, and demolition sites of asbestos-containing buildings. As a result of independent sample t-tests, there was no distinction between airborne asbestos concentrations monitored in the two ways. Conclusions: In working areas where asbestos-containing buildings are being demolished, including living environment surroundings, quickly and accurately monitoring airborne asbestos scattered in the air around the working area is highly important. For this, we believea mutual interface of existing PCM and a real-time monitoring equipment method is possible.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.205-214
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• 2007

Surface water and sediment samples collected from the Mokpo coast of Korea were analyzed for molecular markers of organic municipal wastewaters, i.e., 11 fecal sterols including coprostanol (Cop) and nonylphenolic compounds (NPs), to characterize the main routes of these wastewaters to the coast and to assess contamination levels. Concentrations of Cop ranged from 94 to 7,568 ng/L in surface water and from 43 to 38,108 ng/g dry weight in sediments. Concentrations of NPs [nonylphenol (NP) and nonylphenol mono- and di-ethoxylates ($NP_{1-2}EOs$)] ranged from 123 to 4,729 ng/L in surface water and from 4 to 2,119 ng/ng dry weight in sediments. The levels of these compounds were much higher at stations near the rivers that pass through the urban center of Mokpo and the outfall of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The spatial distribution of Cop levels was statistically similar to that of NPs (r=0.809 and 0.982 in surface water and sediments, respectively), indicating that these compounds may have similar discharge points, transport, mixing, and deposition in the study area. These results suggest that considerable amounts of organic wastewater compounds are discharged through rivers and WWTP effluent to the Mokpo coast.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.219-227
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• 2015

This study was conducted to determine 10 preservatives (benzyl alcohol (BAl), phenoxyethanol (PE), benzoic acid (BA), sorbic acid (SA), methyl paraben (MP), ethyl paraben (EP), propyl paraben (PP), isopropyl paraben (IPP), butyl paraben (BP), isobutyl paraben (IBP)) levels in 125 cosmetics (n = 125) for children by the simultaneous analysis of HPLC. The detection ranges were as follows; 0.01 ~ 0.91% (n = 35) for PE, 0.01 ~ 0.48% (n = 28) for BA, 0.01 ~ 0.78% (n = 9) for BAl, 0.01 ~ 0.11% (n = 3) for SA, 0.04 ~ 0.21% (n = 8) for MP, 0.02 ~ 0.09% (n = 8) for PP, and 0.04% (n = 1) for EP. The order of detection rates was cleanser (63%) > cream (48%) > sunscreen (46%) > lotion (38%) > oil (13%). At least one of target preservatives was contained in 50% (63/125) of samples and the content of the detected preservatives was within maximum allowed amount established by KFDA. Phenoxyethanol and benzoic acid were used more frequently than paraoxybenzoate esters (parabens) in cosmetics for children and the detected parabens was mainly the mixture of methyl paraben and propyl paraben.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.27-40
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• 2005

Researches onmarine terrace in Korea have been drastically progressed during the last two decades.main themes of researches include vertical and horizontal distribution of paleo-shoreline, sedimentary facies ofmarine terrace deposits, OSL dating of terrace deposits and estimation of uplift rate. At present, it is noted thatmarine terraces distributed at the same altitude do not always show the same sedimentary facies, nor have the same ages.marine terraces are generally divided into five terrace systems, of which ages increase in ascending order. There are some arguments about discrimination between 2nd and 3rd terrace systems and their age. The core discrepancy lies on the question of whether the level of the last interglacial terrace is on the level of about 20m or on the 30~35m(~40m) in altitude. The uplift rate based on the paleoshoreline distribution ranges between 0.10 and 0.20m/ka.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2011

Now a days in our society, occupation boundaries have become blurred, and come into the limelight in the prior occupation or miss about new workplace. Medical area is no exception also, So we face urgent problem about protecting and spreading RT work-sphere simultaneously. This research allow to identify on RT role area of digital environment that is obscure profession-realm specially, and open up a new field hereafter. We examined present RT role area of digital environment in the more than thirty medical facility(general or university hospital) through questionnaire/visit survey from PACS administrator. Survey sentence comprises total 29 sentence over all main quadrisection-(eX. hospital formation & treatment state and PACS team composition & organization and PACS team workplace and PACS team daily workload), We performed comparative analysis in general contents perspectively. further more, divided main 5 section based on upper analysis and then manufactured output in consideration of each medical facility's operation state. There are comparative problem of hospital policy, So we maintained information security of each facility exhaustively. First, we separated a survey output into main 5 section as follows-(eX. PACS server & maintenance manage, Client/interlock manage, PACS data conversion, 3D reconstruction, PACS data im/export)-that received by 35 medical facility. And then manufactured output with comparative analysis about RT role area each section, general IT managing team about medical environment was out of existence that fill up with RT manpower in the surveyed medical facility consequently. What is worse, hospitals that entirely fill up with another worker were 3 place amazingly. Our specific statistic results show, the respondents was 63% that agree with reorganization of formation base on independence team, and supplement of the personnel average -continuous with upper agreement simply-was about 2.64. Further more, if reorganization break out with only RT manpower, quota TO will increase by geometric progression. Protecting and spreading role workplace is much accounted of the our inevitable project surely and more than 95% PACS administrator's have confidence in this proposition unconditionally. Henceforth, look forward to meeting the RT vision of many-sided multiplayer, based on acquire a specialized IT knowledge actively and open up a new work-field with frontier spirit.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1421-1430
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• 2010

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in seawater and marine sediment from Anmyundo coastal area after oil spill. The concentrations of total PAHs in surface and bottom of seawater at August were 31.1 to 142.6 ng/L and 5.9 to 50.9 ng/L in August and November, respectively. The concentrations of PAHs in sediment were 21.0 to 102.9 ng/g D.W. and 32.3 to 57.4 ng/g D.W. in August and November, respectively. PAHs concentrations in seawater and sediment in August were higher than those in November about 2.5 and 1.4 times, respectively. Diagnostic ratio (PhA/AnT and FluA/Pyr) were investigated to identify source of PAHs in seawater and sediment. The PAHs in seawater originated from pyrolytic source and those in sediment originated from pyrolytic and petrogenic source. The glass, wood and coal origin was higher than petroleum origin on the combustion origin of PAHs in seawater and sediment. The seawater of Anmyundo costal area recovered from oil spill, but the sediments of that were weakly influenced by oil spill until now. Because this area is developed many fishing grounds, demanded Long Term Environmental Monitoring Program (LTEMP). The concentrations of PAHs on depth of sediments were investigated at station 8 and 10. The concentrations of PAHs were decreased with increasing depth.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.390-392
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• 2012

Diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins were investigated by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Okadaic acid (OA), Dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1), Pectonotoxin2, (PTX2) and Yessotoxin (YTX) in bivalves were quantified. OA were found in four samples; mussel Mytilus edulis (0.001 ${\mu}g/g$), Oyster Crassostrea gigas (0.004 and 0.001 ${\mu}g/g$) and manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum (0.001 ${\mu}g/g$). DTX1, PTX2, and YTX were not detected from all of the samples examined.