• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.87-96
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of entrepreneurs' social network on entrepreneurial performance and the moderate effect of entrepreneurial experience on the relationship between social network and entrepreneurial performance. Empirical study was conducted using survey questionnaires for entrepreneurs and path analysis was conducted using PLS method. The result of this study showed that tie strength of entrepreneurs' social network was related to productivity but creativity while network diversity was positively related to creativity but productivity. The moderate effect of entrepreneurial experience was significant on the relationship between tie strength of social network and entrepreneurial performance. This study implies the importance of entrepreneurs' social network and experience and suggests an effective social network structure for entrepreneurial success.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.193-210
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of entrepreneurial motivation upon entrepreneurial intentions of college students majoring in foodservice through the pull and push factors of the motivation theory, analyzing the moderating effects by gender. Based on total 317 college students, this study was conducted with exploring factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and hierarchical moderated regression. The results showed that, among the pull factors, need for achievement (p<0.001) and self-actualization (p<0.01) had a significant positive influence on entrepreneurial intentions. It appears that entrepreneurial intentions of college students majoring in foodservice were developed by positive entrepreneurial motivation. The moderating effects by gender were not significant. Through the study results with theoretical suggestions, this study proposed a policy to encourage entrepreneurial activation and desires in college students. Limitations and further research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.191-204
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• 2019

This study empirically confirmed whether individual characteristics and social capital have distinctive influence on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship, and whether entrepreneurship consulting has a moderating effect in the context of high interest in entrepreneurship with 223 data. All of the personal characteristics, network, trust, and consulting experience had a significant influence on the entrepreneurial intention, while the external control and reciprocity norms had a significant influence on the entrepreneurial anxiety. The experience of consulting revealed that it has a moderating effect of weakening influence of risk-taking tendency and network on the entrepreneurial will and strengthening the influence of external control on the entrepreneurial anxiety. This research has significance in terms of distinguishing effects of entrepreneurial intention and anxiety and the moderating effect of consulting. In future research, it is expected that verification of entrepreneurial anxiety should be done.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.363-372
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• 2022

Entrepreneurs are valuable assets for any country. Rather than being confronted with new obstacles, they should be fostered and nurtured. Entrepreneurial firms have the power to influence how we live and work, in addition to producing jobs and contributing to economic progress. Entrepreneurs have the ability to change the world by creating diversified skill sets and profitable businesses that are vital to the advancement of our economies. How does one go about being a successful business, though? More resources are believed to be needed to create entrepreneurial environments in higher education that foster progressive ideas and innovation while also providing students with the practical knowledge and skills they need to navigate the troublesome, difficult, and uncertain situations that come with owning a business. This article will outline the scales of components from which to measure variables impacting universities' ability to encourage entrepreneurial behavior among students, based on the aforementioned significance of universities. This article is based on a survey of 507 students from different universities and backgrounds in Vietnam. The research methods used are Cronbach's alpha test and Structural Equation Modeling. From the research results, it can be seen that the university's environment plays a significant role in fostering entrepreneurial behavior among students.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.43-54
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• 2017

Purpose - Recently, the meaning and importance of entrepreneurship has been emphasized in order to achieve innovation-led economic growth through entrepreneurship. Various forms of entrepreneurship education have been established centering on universities, and the scale of the entrepreneurship support programs of the government and the private sector has been increasing. Entrepreneurial education can enhance entrepreneurship and promote entrepreneurial intention. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of experience of entrepreneuship education and social awareness of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurship, focusing on women who were relatively alienated from entrepreneurial activities. This study will provide suggestions for women's entrepreneurship in the future. Research design, data, and methodology - Recently, the meaning and importance of entrepreneurship has been emphasized in order to achieve innovation-led economic growth through entrepreneurship. Various forms of entrepreneurship education have been established centering on universities, and the scale of the entrepreneurship support programs of the government and the private sector has been increasing. Entrepreneurial education can enhance entrepreneurship and promote entrepreneurial intention. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of experience of entrepreneuship education and social awareness of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurship, focusing on women who were relatively alienated from entrepreneurial activities. This study will provide suggestions for women's entrepreneurship in the future. Result - Recently, the meaning and importance of entrepreneurship has been emphasized in order to achieve innovation-led economic growth through entrepreneurship. Various forms of entrepreneurship education have been established centering on universities, and the scale of the entrepreneurship support programs of the government and the private sector has been increasing. Entrepreneurial education can enhance entrepreneurship and promote entrepreneurial intention. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of experience of entrepreneuship education and social awareness of entrepreneurship on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurship, focusing on women who were relatively alienated from entrepreneurial activities. This study will provide suggestions for women's entrepreneurship in the future. Conclusions - Although women's economic activity is increasing, women's activities in the field of business start-up are still passive. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of entrepreneurship on entrepreneuship education and the social perception of entrepreneurship. As a result, we found that social awareness, entrepreneurship education, and entrepreneurship all had a significant influence on the intention of entrepreneurship. Positive social atmosphere for entrepreneurship induces interest in entrepreneurship education and forms a virtuous cycle structure that fosters entrepreneurship through entrepreneuship education. In addition, the introduction of diverse programs that encourage entrepreneurship should enhance the attractiveness of promising talent to enter the entrepreneurial market.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.49-61
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• 2016

This study investigates the relationship between fear of failure of potential entrepreneur's psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial intentions using the mediation variables of planned behavior model. There are many existing prior research related to the entrepreneurial intentions, but they were mostly focused only entrepreneurial success factors. So in this study we focused on fear of failure of potential entrepreneur. To know the influence of the fear of failure related to entrepreneurial intention, we using the scale of PFAI (Performances Failure Appraisal Inventory). The purpose of this study is to examine an impact of fear of failure on entrepreneurial intention and add to mediating factors - attitude toward the acts, subjective norm, perceived behavior control - on the relationship between fear of failure and entrepreneurial intention. Also we examined entrepreneurial education as moderating effect in order to offset the fear of failure. In order to test research model, we collected data from 321 undergraduate students. To test the research questions and hypotheses, we employed SPSS 21.0 anf AMOS 18.0 for validity, reliability, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural model analysis. The results were as follows. First, the fear of failure negatively related to attitude toward the behavior and subjective norm. Second, attitude toward the behavior and subjective norm positively related to entrepreneurial intention in consistent with previous studies. Third, attitude toward the acts and subjective norm in TPB variables have full-mediation effects between fear of failure and intrepreneurial intention. Fourth, The moderating effects of entrepreneurial effect was not significant. The negative relationship between fear of failure and attitude toward the acts and subjective norm was even slightly stronger who have taken the entrepreneurial class group. We discuss the theoretical and managerial implications, and provide suggestions for future research.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.107-117
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship of related variables in order to promote entrepreneurship, which is one way to support the economic independence and stable settlement of North Korean defectors. This study is firstly to examine the influence of individualism and collectivism on entrepreneurial intentions, and secondly, to examine the mediating effect of social adaptability in the relationship between socialist value system and entrepreneurial intention. To this end, a survey was conducted on North Korean defectors, and the empirical analysis target was 223 North Korean defectors. For the verification of the causal relationship between personal disposition and entrepreneurial intention, and the causal relationship between value system and entrepreneurial intention PLS was used. And PROCESS for SPSS Macro was used to verify the mediating effect of social adaptation in the relationship between the value system and entrepreneurial intention. Looking at the results of the empirical analysis, the extraversion factor was found to have a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention level of North Korean defectors, and the self-fulfillment desire factor was found to have a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention. It was also found that individualist values have a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intentions of North Korean defectors, and collectivist values do not have a significant effect on the entrepreneurial intentions. As a result of examining the mediating effect of social adaptability between individualism/collectivism and entrepreneurial intention in this study, it was found that individualist value has a direct impact on entrepreneurial intention without engaging social adaptability.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.369-378
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• 2020

The paper aims to identify the determinants that influence entrepreneurial intention among National Economics University graduates. For the sample size, we conducted a questionnaire survey of 250 full-time third-year undergraduates at the National Economics University, with convenience sampling technique. Of those 250 undergraduates, 150 were Business Administration students and 100 Economy Management students. After eliminating invalid responses due to lack of information or low quality information, 215 responses were used (93.07% of respondents) for data analysis. The results show that the factor "Perceived desirability" has the strongest impact on the intention to start a business. It is followed by the factor "Perceived feasibility" in which the "ability to search and plan for start-up" has a stronger influence on undergraduates' entrepreneurial intention than the "leadership and ability to overcome adversity". The hypothesis of a positive relationship between undergraduates' propensity to act and their intention to start a business is also supported in this study. Based on the results, we suggest some recommendations for the university and State management agencies to nurture and develop entrepreneurial intention of undergraduates, forming the young generation of potential entrepreneurs to contribute to the development of emerging countries such as Vietnam, the case study.

• Journal of East Asia Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.65-82
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of start-up risks on university students's entrepreneurial intention. In particular, the start-up risk considers the recent ongoing Covid_19 Pandemic along with the level of awareness of the start-up risk of business administration university students. For this purpose, a total of 204 questionnaires collected for two months from October to November in 2020 were used to verify this relevance empirically through multiple regression analysis. The empirical analysis results are as follows. First, the level of students' awareness of start-up risks has no statistically significant relevance to their entrepreneurial intention, but the higher the level of negative perception of Covid_19 Pandemic, the lower the entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, additional analysis showed that the students with low self-efficacy majoring in business administration, it was found that negative perceptions of start-up risk had a negative effect on start-up willingness. This study is timely and different from previous studies in that it empirically verified the effect of start-up risk on business administration university students' entrepreneurial intention at a time when negative perceptions of start-up risk increase and COVID_19 Pandemic make it increasingly difficult to start a business administration universit student.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2016

The goal of this study is to compare entrepreneurial orientation of both countries' students and to compare the effect of individualism on developing entrepreneurial orientation of both countries. In order to achieve this goal, this study will conduct two analysis. Firstly, the comparative study on entrepreneurial orientation of both students will be implemented by conducting F-test and t-test. Secondly, the regression analysis between an independent variable - individualism - and dependent variables - innovativeness, internal locus of control, and entrepreneurial orientation - will be conducted in order to compare the effect of individualism on developing entrepreneurial orientation. Prior to implementation of two analysis, this study has implemented the survey to Korean and Chinese university students to estimate entrepreneurial orientation and a cultural variable to influence entrepreneurial orientation. The question of survey is divided into two parts - individual entrepreneurial orientation including internal locus of control and innovativeness and a cultural variable, individualism. As other precedent comparative studies of Chines and Korean potential entrepreneurship concluded, Chinese students have shown higher entrepreneurial orientation than Korean students. However, on the contrary to prior studies on cultural factors and entrepreneurship, only Chinese students' entrepreneurial orientation is influenced by individualism. Any dependent variables of Korean students were not affected by individualism variable.