• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.75-91
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• 2024

Recently, global business environment is changing dramatically along with the acceleration of technological innovation amid the war, climatic change, and geopolitical instability. Accordingly, it is difficult to predict or plan for the future as the volatility, complexity, ambiguity, and uncertainty of the industrial ecosystem continue to increase. Therefore, organizations are undergoing inevitable restructuring in accordance with their survival strategy, for instance, removing marginal businesses or firing. Accordingly, office workers are seeking a startup as an alternative for their continuous economic activity amid rising anxiety factors that make them think they would lose their jobs unintentionally. Here, this study is aimed to verify through what paths office workers' self-determination influences the process of converting to a startup. For this study, an online survey was carried out, and 310 respondents' valid data were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS. To sum up the results, first, office workers' self-determination did not have significant effects on entrepreneurial intention. However, it was confirmed that self-determination had positive (+) effects on innovativeness and perception of the startup support system. This result shows that their psychology works to prepare step by step by accumulating innovative experiences and increasing perception of the startup support system from a long-term life path perspective rather than challenging startups right way. Second, innovativeness is found to have positive (+) effects on entrepreneurial intention. Also, perception of the startup support system had positive (+) effects on entrepreneurial intention. This implies that when considering startups, they are highly aware of the government's various startup support systems. Third, innovativeness is found to have positive (+) effects on perception of the startup support system. It is judged that perception of the startup support system is valid for prospective founders to exhibit their innovativeness and realize new ideas. Fourth, it was confirmed that innovativeness and perception of the startup support system mediated correlation between self-determination and entrepreneurial intention, and perception of the startup support system mediated correlation between innovativeness and entrepreneurial intention, which shows that it is a crucial factor in entrepreneurial intention. Although previous studies related to startups deal with students mostly, this study targets office workers who form a great part in economic activities, which makes it academically valuable in terms of being differentiated from others and extending the scope of research. Also, when we consider the fact that the motivation for self-determination alone fails to stimulate entrepreneurial intention and the complete mediation of innovativeness and the startup support system, it has great implications in practical aspects such as the government's human and material support systems. In the selection and analysis of samples, this study exhibits a limitation that the problem of common method bias is not completely resolved. Also, additional definitive research is needed on whether entrepreneurial intention is formed and converted into startup behavior. Academically and practically, this study deals with the relationship between humans' psychological motives and startups which has not been handled sufficiently in previous studies. The conversion of office workers to startups is expected to have effects on individuals' economic stability and the state's job creation; therefore, it needs to be investigated continuously for its great value.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.119-133
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of beauty services owners 'support policy on entrepreneurship performance in the beauty service industry through the effects of entrepreneurs' personal characteristics, managerial factors, capital factors and store factors on entrepreneurial performance. As a factor affecting the start - up performance of beauty service companies, it was analyzed that human resource management which is a sub - variable of managerial management factors, capital factors at start - up and store factors influenced entrepreneurship performance. The study on the effect of funding policy, education support policy, and consulting support policy on the start-up achievement of beauty service companies is as follows. The government funding policy, educational support policy, and consulting support policy have no effect on human resources management, start - up capital, and store factors which have significant effect on start - up performance. This is because institutional support for funding is not an institutional support for proving the policy effect but an effective support plan for creating entrepreneurial achievement is needed. Educational support policy and consulting support policy are reflected in the politics reflecting the characteristics of beauty service companies and realistic Education support and consulting support are necessary. In particular, it needs to be expanded to reflect the actual management activities and performance creation processes of other beauty service companies, which are different from the policy support of existing small business owners.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.205-215
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• 2013

Job creations through doing star-ups is the biggest issues for almost nations. This study explores the entrepreneurial university's rule for making job creations based on Smart specialization and entrepreneurial university perspectives. In order to the aims, this study reviews the previous literatures and examines the some Israel universities, which is Technion University, Hebrew university as well as government support policies. Technion University and Hebrew university have own technology transfer institutions composed of experts for technology transfer and doing start-ups by using technologies. Each institutions have own characteristics regarding technology transfer and doing start-ups. T3, which is technology transfer institution of Technion University facilitates the start-up by step-by-step supporting mechanism. T3 has been operating EIR which has focused on business and marketing. Yissum, which is technology transfer institution of Hebrew university has board members. they have crucial roles to success the start ups. they can reconciliate the conflicts between university and Yissum. Also they can participate the business activities as mentors. Start-up money will be supported for even sprout state technology if their technologies are a promising business. Risk sharing between universities and start-ups influences on the increase of success ratio in Israel when comparing to that of Korea.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

Recently, as young and senior entrepreneurs are getting interested in starting a business, the domestic startup rate is gradually increasing. However, the survival rate of start-ups is so low. In this regard, this study empirically examines how the entrepreneurial intention affects both financial and non-financial start-up performances through the intermediation effects of experiential competence, financing competency, marketing competence and differentiated competitive advantage. In doing so, the purpose of this study is to find out the key elements to successful start-ups. To this end, the survey results of 200 start-ups in Pohang from January 21 to February 1, 2019 were used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, it is shown that the entrepreneurial intention have a positive effect on the experiential competence, financing competence and marketing competence. Second, it is found that both experiential competence and marketing competence have significant positive effects on the differentiated competitive advantage. On the other hand, the financing competence has not been shown to have a significant effect on the differentiated competitive advantage, which might result from the characteristic of the data that most of the respondents are from new businesses. Third, it is shown that the differentiated competitive advantage has a positive effect on both financial and non-financial performances. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest a theoretical basis for the successful start-up performance. Namely, it is necessary for the founders of start-ups to secure differentiated competitive advantage through the entrepreneurial intention and the entrepreneurial competences such as financing competence and marketing competence because the differentiated competitive advantage leads to the successful financial and non-financial start-up performances. In addition, the results of this study suggest to both entrepreneurs and managers that for the successful business performance, it is important for them to make continuous efforts to come up with new ideas and to reinforce financing and marketing activities in order to achieve the differentiated competitive advantage.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.111-122
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• 2016

Support and efforts are being strengthened at the national level for entrepreneurial activities that are expected to revitalize our economy. Generally, according to the previous studies, it is known that entrepreneurship positively affects economic growth and the reduction of unemployment rate through employment creation. The analysis of the impact of entrepreneurial activities on economic growth and job creation is mainly based on national comparative analysis. In this paper, however, the impact of start-up activities in the Busan metropolitan city on regional economic growth and employment improvement. In this study, the dummy variables were assigned to firms within three years, five years, and ten years after start-up according to the period since the start-up of the firm. As a result of the empirical analysis, the value of dummy variable of the start - up firms was found to be significant in the analysis of the sales growth rate as the dependent variable according to the preceding study by Evans(1987). Therefore, it can be seen that the growth rate of the start - up company is higher than that of the other companies and it is positive for the regional economic growth. In addition, the coefficient of the dummy variable decreases from the enterprise analysis to the latter within three years, five years, and ten years after the start-up, and confirms that the coefficient of the firm's start-up years has a negative value. I could see more clearly. On the other hand, in the analysis of the effect of start-up firms on unemployment rate reduction, the growth rate of regular workers was higher than that of other firms. This suggests that it positively affects the reduction of the unemployment rate in the region. In addition, in the dynamic analysis using the Almon estimation formula and the Koyck model, the effect of log-transformed net start-up firms on the growth rate of new workers is very significant. As a result of the above model, It is reaffirmed that start-up activity has a positive effect on employment growth.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.211-226
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• 2023

As we transition into the post-COVID era, economic activities that were stagnant are regaining momentum. In particular, there is a growing trend of technology entrepreneurship driven by the opportunities of digital transformation in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, entrepreneurship education content is struggling to keep up with the rapid pace of technological change. This study aims to emphasize the importance of entrepreneurship mentoring as a crucial component of entrepreneurship education content that requires adaptation and advancement due to the increasing demand for technology entrepreneurship. This study redefines startup mentoring, which is differentiated from general mentoring, at the present time when the demand for startups, which increases with the declining employment rate, increases, and the development of quality startup education contents and securing professional startup mentors are required. According to the start-up stage, it is divided into preliminary entrepreneurs and early entrepreneurs, and the effect of entrepreneurship knowledge and self-efficacy among start-up mentoring functions on entrepreneurial will and mentoring satisfaction is improved by empirically researching the effects of start-up mentoring functions in the case of initial entrepreneurs as a moderating effect. To confirm the importance of entrepreneurship mentoring effect for. To this end, among the mentoring functions, entrepreneurship knowledge and self-efficacy were set as independent variables, and entrepreneurial will and mentoring satisfaction were set as dependent variables. The research model was designed and hypotheses were established. In addition, empirical analysis was conducted by conducting a questionnaire survey on trainees who received entrepreneurship mentoring education at ICCE Startup School and Opus Startup School. To summarize the results of the empirical analysis, first, among the entrepreneurship mentoring functions, entrepreneurship knowledge and self-efficacy were analyzed to have a significant positive (+) effect on entrepreneurial will. Second, among the entrepreneurship mentoring functions, entrepreneurship knowledge and self-efficacy were analyzed to have a significant positive (+) effect on mentoring satisfaction. Third, it was analyzed that entrepreneurship had no significant moderating effect on entrepreneurial knowledge and entrepreneurial will. Fourth, it was analyzed that entrepreneurship had no significant moderating effect on mentoring satisfaction. Fifth, it was found that entrepreneurship had a significant moderating effect between self-efficacy and will to start a business. As a result of the research analysis, the first implication is that the mentoring function in start-up education is analyzed to produce meaningful results for both the initial entrepreneurs and the prospective entrepreneurs in the will to start a business and satisfaction. . Second, it was analyzed that there was no significant relationship between whether a business was started and the mentoring function and effect. However, it was analyzed that the will to start a business through improvement of self-efficacy through mentoring was significantly related to whether or not to start a business. turned out to be helpful. Many start-up education programs currently conducted in Korea educate both early-stage entrepreneurs and prospective entrepreneurs at the same time for reasons such as convenience. However, through the results of this study, even in small-scale entrepreneurship mentoring, it is suggested that customized mentoring through detailed classification such as whether the mentee has started a business can be a method for successful entrepreneurship and high satisfaction of the mentee.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.299-305
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• 2008

In a series of research papers, the authors have studied some of the most important models of a contemporary universities, such as: the research university, the entrepreneurial university and the digital university and construct their Generalized Net (GN) models. This paper is based on the case-studies of Sofia University, the Technical University of Munich and the University of Edinburgh. The main focus is to put the analysis of the processes of the functioning of a university which effectively integrates Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in all university activities. A concrete example based on the process of course administration at University of Edinburgh is considered. This university is in a process of developing an integrated information system covering most of the university activities. The opportunity of using GNs as a tool for modeling such processes is analyzed as well.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2015

This paper reviews the theoretical background of the entrepreneurship policy recently prevailing in Korea. First of all, we define the entrepreneurship policy as the one that the government increases the supply of the individual entrepreneurs with entrepreneurship and supports their venture creation activities by intervening the entrepreneurial process. We distinguish the entrepreneurship policy from the small and medium-sized enterprises policy and the venture firm policy. As for the legitimacy of the entrepreneurship policy, we introduce the market for entrepreneur, examine the factors resulting in the market failure, and argue the necessity and the principles of government intervention to the market. Based on the entrepreneurial process, we establish the framework of entrepreneurship policy and examine the transmission channels by the policy area. The channels are (1) demand side, (2) supply side, (3) decision-making of establishing a new firm, (4) resources obtaining. Lastly, according to the transmission channels, we classify various entrepreneurship policy tools being presently implemented by the Korean government. However, since this study is a exploratory economic analysis of entrepreneurship policy, the approach and contents of entrepreneurship policy can be varied according to the research agenda and policy intension.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.13
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• pp.223-246
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• 2000

The major entity supplying the supporting infrastructure of the venture creation is the venture capitalists, university(and research center), and government. Especially, the role of the university and academic entrepreneurs is the key factor in the process of the technology transfer. The capacity(or role) of the academic entrepreneurs to craft a vision, and then to lead, inspire, and persuade key members makes an enormous difference between success and failure. And the supporting model of academic entrepreneurial venture creation requires that the systematic supporting system as well as the institutional framework for handling the conflicts among the members of a committed venture team. Among the a variety of organization, the university needs to supply the, formal supporting program such as technology transfer, university-industry cooperation, venture development, and the perception of the mere presence of policies and programs designed to encourage entrepreneurial activities for fostering economic development. Besides, careful consideration must be given to the role universities should play in the regional economy and what policies are appropriate to allow it to play that role effectively. On the basis of the above literature review results, this article suggests the supporting model for the venture creation by the strategic alliance composed of the industry, university, and government considering both of the entities's role and the motives of academic entrepreneurs in venture creating process.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.7-34
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to explore the uses and gratification of social media among first-year student groups at a satellite campus of a public university in Ghana. The study employed a descriptive survey design. The study involved all 1061 first-year university students in six academic departments of the College. A total of 680 (64%) participants returned validly completed copies of the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were employed for data analysis. The findings indicate that WhatsApp was the most popular application for social media groups, while a need for information-sharing, peer-tutoring and learning, and finding and keeping friends were the primary motivations for joining social media groups. First-year students are involved mainly in reactive activities, as most engage when solving an academic assignment through group discussions. Though challenges persist, such as posting of unwanted images, inadequate participation, and ineffective and irrelevant communication, most are willing to continue their social media groups' membership in the long term. This study provides valuable insight into transitioning students' lived experiences on social media from the group perspective. These insights are valuable conceptually and practically to academic counsellors, librarians and student affairs officers who are expected to provide on-going education on (social) media literacy to first-year students to enhance the adjustment process. The study is the first of its kind in Ghana that investigates social media group participants' exit intentions.