• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.611-631
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• 2012

The passive energy dissipation technology has been proven to be reliable and robust for recent practical applications. Various dampers or energy dissipation devices have been widely used in building structures for enhancing their performances during earthquakes, windstorm and other severe loading scenarios. This paper presents a simplified seismic design procedure for retrofitting earthquake-damaged frames with viscous dampers. With the scheme of designing the main frame and the supplemental viscous dampers respectively, the seismic analysis model of damped structure with viscous dampers and braces was studied. The specific analysis process was described and approach to parameter design of energy dissipation components was also proposed. The expected damping forces for damped frame were first obtained based on storey shear forces; and then they were optimized to meet different storey drift requirements. A retrofit project of a RC frame school building damaged in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake was introduced as a case study. This building was retrofitted by using viscous dampers designed through the simplified design procedure proposed in this paper. Based on the case study, it is concluded that this simplified design procedure can be effectively used to make seismic retrofit design of earthquake-damaged RC frames with viscous dampers, so as to achieve structural performance objectives under different earthquake risk levels.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.923-946
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• 2007

지구온난화에 따른 온실가스 감축이 국가적인 관심사로 대두됨에 따라, 정부는 기후변화협약에 대응하기 위하여 온실가스 감축사업에 대한 다양한 지원 정책을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 온실가스 감축사업에 대한 정부 지원 정책들 중에서 경매 방식에 의한 지원의 경제적인 효과를 분석하는 것이다. 분석 결과, 경매 방식에 의하여 50억 원의 예산으로 온실가스 감축사업을 지원할 경우, 톤당 8,000원씩 총 61만 2,000톤의 온실가스 저감량에 대한 지원이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 감축사업으로 인한 부가적인 수익인 에너지 절감액을 감안할 경우에는 전체41개 저감사업으로 인한 총 저감량인 101만 톤에 대하여 톤당 4,900원의 지원이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 정부 지원 정책은 온실가스 감축을 유도하여 향후 직면하게 될 온실가스 감축 국가 의무를 달성하기 위한 학습효과의 습득이라는 차원에서 그 의미가 있다고 할 것이다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.71-82
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• 1998

This study focuses on one of the most typical energy-intensive industries, the steel industry. The two-fold purpose of the study is to develop a model to assess measures to alleviate sulfur dioxide($SO_2$) emissions from the steel industry and to propose a concrete $SO_2$ emission reduction measure from the steel industry. This study partially employed and modified AIM(Asia-Pacific Integrated Model) developed by Japan National Environmental Research Institute to develop AIM/KOREA SULFUR model for simulation. In the study, a base scenario, which is BAU(Business As Usual) scenario, and mitigation scenarios(a use of low-sulfur contain fuel, fuel conversion to cleaner energy, an induction of desulfurization systems, and energy saving) were employed. The results of the simulation are summarized below: The sulphur dioxide emission from the steel industry in 1992 was estimated to be 252,000 metric tons; however, according to BAU scenario, sulphur dioxide emission is expected to be increased to 586,000 metric tons, which is 2.3 times greater than that in 1992 by year 2020. To alleviate such increasement, simulation results under various 7scenarios proved that some degrees of reduction may be possible by an induction of desulfurization systems although there may be numerous ways to interpretate the simulation results; however, the bottom line is that it appears to be difficult to achieve the Korean Ministry of Environment's policy goal-a mitigation of sulphur dioxide concentration to 0.01ppm.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2015

국가는 기후변화에 따라 국가차원에서 온실가스감축목표를 BAU대비 30%를 설정하였고, 이를 달성하기위하여 국가온실가스감축로드맵 등에서 여러 기술과 정책을 계획 및 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 감축률이 높고 공공성이 강한 발전부문에 대하여 추진하고 있는 정책과 기술을 도출하고, 해당분야별 전문가들의 판단을 근거로 공통평가지표 및 각각의 정책 기술간 평가요인별 우선순위를 분석적계층과정(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)을 이용하여 체계적이고 객관적인 방법으로 도출하였다. 아울러 공통 평가지표의 가중치를 적용하여 종합적인 우선순위를 제시함으로 이와 연계된 발전사에게 기술 및 정책에 따른 투자전략을 수립할 수 있는 인사이트를 제시하고 있다.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.475-480
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 고밀집 glassy carbon (GC) 섬유 다발체 전극 전해계를 사용하여 우라늄 (VI)를 함유한 유기상과 질산 수용상의 혼합상에서 전해 역추출시 우라늄 (VI) 환원 전해특성 연구가 수행되었고, 이에 관한 전해 역추출 모델을 제시하였다 우라늄 (VI) 전해환원 반응은 혼합상 내의 수용상에서 보다 혼합상 내의 유기상에서 빨리 일어났다. 유기상의 유속이 증가하는 경우 역추출 과정에서 유기상 내 우라늄 이온의 확산 저항 증가에 의해서 수용상으로의 역추출은 증가하다 일정하게 되었으며, 수용상 유속 변화는 총 우라늄 (VI) 환원전류에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 전해반응이 없는 경우보다 전해 반응이 동반되는 경우 우라늄 역추출이 보다 효과적으로 이루어 짐을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.14-20
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• 2008

As the number of buildings that use the transparent permeation materials as the outer wall is on the increase, the coming amount of the light rays is a lot, and thus the increase in the cooling load and the radiant heat of high temperature may cause the residents to discomfort. In order to reduce such influences, this paper analyzed the installation effects of the sunshade BIPV. The inner temperature of the room installed the sunshade BIPV or otherwise was measured, and compared and analyzed the effects of reducing the cooling load by the incoming light rays. The sample space of the third floor of S university installed the sunshade BIPV has two rooms on the same conditions, and for five sunny days selected in August, the researcher measured the air temperature and the temperature of the fittings with closing the windows to minimize the movement of air without operating the coolers. The maximum cooling load measured by the incoming light rays in the room where the sunshade BIPV was not installed was examined as 459.13kcal/h. It can be understood as the effect of reducing the cooling load according to the incoming rays of the room with sunshade BIPV. Even though the effect of cooling load reduction is not so great in a room, the total reduction in cooling room for the 32 rooms installed the sunshade BIPV was estimated to be 40442.27kcal/day, which will be able to bring the maximum reduction effect of 17.1kW in energy and reduce the investment cost owing to the reduction in cooling load when initially designing the building.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제49권9호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2012

오늘날 ICT 네트워크에서 에너지 소모는 전체 에너지 소모의 10% 내외로 가까운 미래에 에너지가 현저하게 증가 할 것이다. 그러한 이유로 ICT 네트워크에서 에너지를 절약하려는 연구가 상당히 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서 네트워크 레벨에서 네트워크 품질을 보장하면서 에너지 절약이 가능한 방법을 검토한다. 네트워크를 구성하는 노드와 링크는 에너지 프로파일에 따라 에너지가 소모된다고 가정하였다. 특히 IP 네트워크에서, 다양한 에너지 프로파일 모델을 기본으로 하여 네트워크가 소모하는 에너지 모델을 정식화하고, IP 네트워크 품질을 만족하면서 에너지 절약이 가능한 energy-aware QoS 라우팅 방안을 제시하고 검토한다. 본 논문에서 시뮬레이션을 이용하여, 에너지 프로파일에 따라 IP 네트워크가 소모하는 에너지의 차이가 크며, 적절한 에너지 프로파일 모델을 개발한다면 에너지 절약이 가능함을 보여 준다. 또 IP 네트워크의 품질을 유지하면서 에너지 절약이 가능한 energy-aware QoS 라우팅 중 min_used_path(MP) heuristic을 이용한 방법이 네트워크의 노드 및 링크의 감소율이 다른 방법에 비해 우수하고, 에너지 절약 효과가 다른 방법에 비해 우수함을 분명히 한다. 따라서 결론적으로 본 논문에서는 energy-aware QoS 라우팅의 한 방법인 min_used_path(MP) heuristic을 적용하여 네트워크 품질 유지하면서 에너지를 절약 할 수 있음을 확인 하였다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2004

This paper presents a feasibility study of a fresh air load reduction system by using an underground double floor space The system was introduced into a real building and was examined by the field measurement Judging from the measurements during three years(1999~2001), the state of the system operation was very stable through this period and it was clear that the system contributes to reduction of energy consumption for air-conditioning. Futhermore, a simulation model used the simple heat diffusion equation Was developed to simulate its thermal characteristics and performances The simulations resulted m air temperature in good agreement with the measurements. Also, from the result of numerical analysis, It is clear that the amount of heat supply by using this system is more than the amount of energy loss to the room above it. Therefore, it is concluded that this systems is very useful and the proposed numerical model can be used for the prediction of system thermal performance.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2016

Ag nanoparticles are extensively studied and utilized due to their excellent catalysis, antibiosis and optical properties. They can be easily synthesized by chemical reduction methods and it is possible to prepare particles of uniform size and high purity. These methods are divided into vapor methods and liquid phase reduction methods. In the present study, Ag particles are prepared and analyzed through two chemical reduction methods using solvents containing a silver nitrate precursor. When Ag ions are reduced using a reductant in the aqueous solution, it is possible to control the Ag particle size by controlling the formic acid ratio. In addition, in the Polyol process, Ag nanoparticles prepared at various temperatures and reaction time conditions have multiple twinned and anisotropic structures, and the particle size variation can be confirmed using field emissions scanning electron microscopy and by analyzing the UV-vis spectrum.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, $CO_2$ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based $CO_2$ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target $CO_2$ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based $CO_2$ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.