• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.603-613
• /
• 2008

We often encounter the situation that discrete count data have a large portion of zeros. In this case, it is not appropriate to analyze the data based on standard regression models such as the poisson or negative binomial regression models. In this article, we consider Bayesian analysis for two commonly used models. They are zero-inflated poisson and negative binomial regression models. We use the Bayes factor as a model selection tool and computation is proceeded via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. Crash count data are analyzed to support theoretical results.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.37 no.6
• /
• pp.567-574
• /
• 2013

Although Korea coastal area has the increasing potential marine accident due to frequent ship's encounter, increased vessel traffic and large vessel, there is no specific model to evaluate the navigating vessel's risk considering the domestic traffic situation. The maritime transport environmental assessment is necessary due to the amended maritime traffic law. However, marine safety diagnosis is now carried out by foreign model. In this paper, therefore, we suggest a domestic traffic model reflecting the characteristics of korea coastal area and navigator's risk as we named PARK(Potential Assessment of Risk) model. We can evaluate the subjective risk by establishing the model and model output into maritime risk exposure system. To evaluate this model's effectiveness, we used ship handling simulation and applied, analyzed collision accident which occurred in korea coastal area. And also, we applied integrated to an ECDIS program for monitoring traffic risk of vessels with real time based AIS data and apply to evaluate traffic risk in busan harbor waterway. As a result, we could evaluate busan harbor waterway risk effectively.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.363-372
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate COVID-19's impact on firm survival, as well as the management accounting system's role in adjusting operation efficiency for business survival. Two sets of data comprising small enterprises in the service sector were used. The first business group serves customers who have changed their lifestyle to a new normal. The second business group serves customers who are affected by social distancing measures. The data was collected based on an in-depth interview method. The data was then evaluated using content analysis and analytic comparison. The results show that the COVID-19 situation positively impacts the business survival of the service businesses group that serves customers who have changed lifestyles. However, COVID-19 has a negative effect on the survival of service business groups that serve customers affected by social distancing measures. In addition, the management accounting used during COVID-19, small enterprises have analyzed the operating environment and used the information stored in the database to determine goals for the operation. This study provides comprehensive economic effects and the utilization of management accounting systems. The accounting systems helped to decide to adjust the operation process during the quick changing of the environment of the small enterprise in the service sector.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.43 no.5
• /
• pp.661-672
• /
• 2022

The solution of contact problems is extremely important as we encounter many situations involving such problems in our daily lives. One of the most important parameters effective in solving contact problems is the materials of the parts in contact. While it is relatively easy to solve the contact mechanics of the systems created with traditional materials with a homogeneous microstructure and mechanical distribution, it may be more difficult to solve the contact problem of new generation materials that do not show a homogeneous distribution. As a result of this situation, it is seen that studies on contact problems of materials that do not exhibit such a homogeneous internal structure and mechanical properties are extremely limited in the literature. In this context, in this study, analytical and numerical analyzes of a contact problem created using functionally graded materials were carried out and the results were evaluated mutually. It has been decided that the contact areas and contact pressures acquired from numerical method are reasonably appropriate with the results obtained from the analytical method.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.164-173
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the present situation and related factors among 3rd and, 4th-grade nursing students on the intention to work as home visit nurse after graduation. Methods: A descriptive quantitative study was conducted using a structured online questionnaire survey from May 26 to July 10, 2023. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and 𝛘² test analysis. Results: Nursing students who intended to be employed as home visit nurse were 26.8%, and working as a home visit nurse right after graduation and 10 years after graduation showed 0.0%, and 41.9% respectively. Factors influencing the intention of nursing students to work in home visit nursing were high awareness of home visit nursing (𝛘² =10.75, p=.005), interest in home-visit nursing (𝛘² =70.56, p=.000), and positive image about home-visit nursing (𝛘² =12.04, p=.002). Conclusion: It would be necessary to strengthen theoretical courses and practicum of home visit nursing care. Also, it would be necessary to develop an extra curriculum to provide various opportunities to encounter the characteristics of home visit nursing work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2011

Korea coastal area is highly potential dangerous zone of marine accident due to frequent ship's encounters. VTS center can't identify ship's information because of beyond VHF range. It is also difficult of us to efficiently manage vessel traffic beyond VTS control area, so that it can't prevent marine accident. Presently, korean government is conducting maritime traffic safety assessment according to enlargement of harbor & development of new port but do not have the system which provide danger of information depending on maritime traffic environment with real time. So it is necessary to develop evaluation index which can assess sea risk through the evaluation of maritime traffic environment. In this paper, on the basis of vessel navigator's risk consciousness, we carried out survey & statistical analysis vessel navigator's subjective risk depending on the LOA, crossing situation($045^{\circ}$, $090^{\circ}$, $135^{\circ}$), overtaking, head-on situation, encountering vessel's side, within or outside harbor, speed with other vessel(ex. same, fast or slow), speed difference with other vessel and distance with other vessel & propose basic expression to develop maritime traffic safety evaluation model. And by using this model, we can confirm that this proposing expression is suitable for domestic maritime traffic environment.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.311-325
• /
• 2021

Modern society demands a new science teacher image. Compared to other school ages, elementary school students are the time when the teacher's influence plays a large role and is the time when they first encounter science subjects. The role of science teachers is very important as the starting point for the initial image of science learning and attitudes toward science by elementary science teachers. Therefore, it is very important to correctly establish an image of an elementary science teacher. The purpose of this study is to analyze the images of science teachers that elementary school students prefer and avoid according to their class situation. To this end, 534 elementary school students were divided into five classes: class type, class material presentation method, subject instruction method, subject content explanation method, and class atmosphere, and the image of science teacher who prefers and avoids is described in an open format. Concepts presented by elementary school students were analyzed using Semantic network analysis. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the image of a science teacher preferred or avoided by elementary school students was determined according to how the science teacher did the class. Second, elementary school students prefer activity-oriented classes such as experimental classes, and there is a need for classes to be conducted in this manner. Lastly, small changes and efforts of teachers in teaching methods are needed so that changes to science classes preferred by elementary school students can be achieved.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.617-636
• /
• 2023

The goal of this study was to explain the phenomenon of making efforts to overcome the need-reality collision as a cultural characteristic of Koreans. Specifically, we examined whether the behavior varies depending on the degree of relational agency in the situation where conflicts between one's needs and reality have occurred. To this end, a total of 217 participants participated in the online experiment, and the data of 156 participants were finally analyzed. After responding to the relational agency scale, the participants were exposed to a decision-making scenario in which conflicting factors existed. The scenario were about buying a house and making a wedding hall contract, and in each scenario, two important values were set to conflict with each other in the market. Participants read the scenario and entered the level they wanted for each value. After that, they encounter a situation in which he or she has not found the candidate site corresponding to the level he or she wants. Then, the participants responded to their willingness to make additional efforts themselves. As a result of the study, the degree of relational agency of the participants showed a positive relationship with the degree of additional effort. In addition, the degree of the desired level beyond the reality (expectancy discrepancy) showed a nonlinear (reverse U-shape) influence on the additional effort while controlling for individual difference. Furthermore, the interaction effect between relational agency and expectancy discrepancy was significant. Specifically, individuals with low agency did not have a significant relationship between the degree of expectancy discrepancy and the dependent variable, but individuals with high relational agency had a significant non-linear relationship between the degree of expectancy discrepancy and the dependent variable. Based on the results of the study, the role and function of Koreans' psychological characteristics (relational agency) in the scene of managing needs-reality collision were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.285-324
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to describe the nature of nursing and life style of nurses. This study was conducted from march, 1994 to May, 1995. There are two kinds of data used in this research. To discern the nature of nursing and life style of nurses, 34 articles selected from nursing journals and text books, and the data which were collected by unstructured questionare with two main open ended questions were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's method. The questions were "what is nature of nursing?" "When do you feel your professionl life worth?" 29 participants were nurses working at two university hospitals and two general hospitals in Seoul, understood the study purpose. The results were as follows : (1) The nursing is evolving phenomenon which is developed, and changed. (1) ${\lceil}$encounter${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$trust${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$interrelationship${\rfloor}$have been identified as the causal condition of nursing phenomenon. (2) ${\lceil}$concern${\rfloor}$has been identified as the central phenomenon of nursing. (3) ${\lceil}$humanity${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$sincerity${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$nursing spirit${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$empathy${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$understanding${\rfloor}$have been identified as intervening condition and context of nursing phenomenon. (4) ${\lceil}$helping behavior${\rfloor}$has been identified as action/strategy of nursing phenomenon. (5) ${\lceil}$caring${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$observation${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$comfort${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$problem solving${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$co-ordination${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$education${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$stimulus${\rfloor}$have been as helping behavior. (6) ${\lceil}$change${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$growth and development${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$to do by oneself${\rfloor}$ have been as consequences of nursing phenomenon. (2) the nature of nursing have been classified into five properties ; ${\lceil}$relational property${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$moral property${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$technological property${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$behavioral property${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$objective property${\rfloor}$ (3) The life style of nurses is not considered as ${\lceil}$to have${\rfloor}$ living mode, but ${\lceil}$to be${\rfloor}$ living mode because the professional life of nurses is chracterized by ${\lceil}$encounter${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$trust${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$humanity${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$understanding${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$concern${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$togetherness with human being${\rfloor}$ ${\lceil}$growth and development${\rfloor}$ and others, which are properties of the nature of nursing, and are also considered as esential factors of real existence of professional nurse as a human being in nursing situation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.25-30
• /
• 2013

Purpose - Foodservices have grown to over 60% of the franchise industry. However, despite reaching this high level, the foodservice franchise industry is experiencing severe ups and downs. While factors such as expansion by franchises and the entry of large multinational firms are causing this imbalance, the more serious problem faced by franchisees is the lack of know-how and correct operating procedures. Franchise headquarters should advise franchisees on important matters such as food ingredients, interior design, tableware, and fixtures. However, even though franchise headquarters have the ability to impart such management know-how, this is often a neglected area. Research design, data and methodology - This study was conducted in an industrial environment to present suitable competitive alternatives for foodservice franchises. Empirical analysis was conducted using a sample of 232 people with experience in targeting customers. The main purpose of this study is not to identify and analyze the factors affecting customer satisfaction. Customers of the Food Service Industry to invite contacts until departure for the service flow by identifying the expectations and allow this area by analyzing the resulting measures to enhance the competitiveness has presented. Results - Actual results contact factors affecting the quality of service on customer satisfaction was a significant influence. However, the end of this analysis, the actual customer satisfaction directly affects the quality of service that is only important factor can commit mistakes. Relatively large impact on customer satisfaction, which is relatively independent of the quality factor should be a review of zone of tolerance. In this study, eating phase relative to contact the service customer satisfaction was the most influential. The results, however, zone of tolerance for an area in the waiting and ordering dissatisfaction factors are appearing. And in the course of these services outside the zone of tolerance area is unsatisfactory evaluation is being done. Conclusions - After all, Foodservice, the contact service management for zone of tolerance the top priority should be can be seen. Foodservice contact first in the case of service quality factors caused by the continuous flow of services, so this step-by-step identification needs to be clearer. This, of course, to distinguish between the actual per unit of activity appears to be more difficult to follow, for it seems to need a lot of future complementary. Next is the assessment of customer service quality. Customers remember the experience for the services of a real contact through the assessment and service evaluation clearly emerge as the expected level can be difficult. However, this situation is controlled by the test method cannot be avoided unless there is no limit to the number of leave. Despite these limitations, the next step to contact a service evaluation and analysis have to continue to refine and thereby franchisees for the operation of the store in terms of practical know-how required to provide to the office believe.