• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.155-174
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family strengths and self-esteem on depression among married women who have adolescents in middle and high school of their first child in Korea. To measure of depression using the CESD(the center for epidemiologic studies depression scale), the degree of husewives' depression was relatively higher than that of employed married women. As for the related variables, educational degree, S.E.S(socio-economic status), self-esteem turned out significant in housewives' depression. But, in the case of employed married women, these were not significant. Therefore, we are confirmed that the etiologic model of this study was more proper to housewives than employed married women. Finally, in both cases of housewives and employed married women, the effects of family strengths were mediated or moderated by self-esteem in predicting depression. The results of this study called for the encouraging of married women's self-esteem, the parti ipation of various social programs for housewives, and the programs to strengthening of their family relationships.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.281-288
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• 1994

In this paper, a new decomposition method of the interference EMG signal using MAMDF filtering and digital signal processor. The efficient software and hardware signal processing techniques are employed. The MAMDF filter is employed in order to estimate the presence and likely location of the respective templates which may include in the observed mixture, and high-resolution waveform alignment is employed in order to provide the optimal combination set and time delays of the selected templates. The TMS320C25 digital signal processor chip is employed in order to execute the intensive calculation part of the software. The method is verified through a simulation with real templates which are obtain ed from needle EMG. As a result, the proposed method provides an overall speed improvement of 32-40 times.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.171-183
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to identify the needs for the employer-supported day care service and to analyze the factors related to the needs for the day care service of the married employees. KLFI(1995)'s National data were used and three Logistic models and one Catmod model were employed to analyse the effects of the independent variables on the needs for the day care service. The results of this study were as follows: First, half of employed workers needed the employer-supported child care service. Second, they preferred the day care center near their residential area than in their work site. Third, according to their age, type of occupation, and their difficulties for the childcare and household work, employed men and women needs on site day care differently. Finally, their needs for the expenditure of duty care service differed by their age, sex, and occupation, and their levels of difficulties for the childcare and household work. These findings suggest that duty care service for the employed man and woman are supported diversely according to their needs and preferences.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1989

The purpose of this stud is : (1) to figure out the amount of time being usually spent on the housework performed by the employed wives and (2) to find out factors influencing the total and the specified housework time. The major findings are the following : 1) A employed wife spends 374 minutes(6.2 hours) on the average a day on the housework. Compared with research results of the past, this shows little difference, and less 157 minutes than full time homeworker. Time connected with meals is 123minutes, clothing (68), management and marketing(64), family care(61), and housing care(58). 2) Family environment variables (the wife's education level, wife's employment status, income, young child's age and presence of employed housekeeper) significantly differentiates the housework time. In general, a wife with higher SES level spends less time for housework except family care. 3) Housework related variables (planning, preference, performance competency, and performance stand rd) significantly differentiate the specified houseworks. High planning, preference, and performance competency do not necessarily diminish the housework time except routine houseworks. High performance standard causes her to spend more time. 4) A wife' sex-role attitudes and a husbands attitudes perceived are more traditional, she spends more time.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.129-147
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to empirically verify the influence of sociodemographic and psychologicl variables on time management strategy and time management strategy on home management behavior and family life satisfaction of employed wives, and to provide the information of enhancing the level of family welfare. The monthly income of employed wives was high, as the level of education and time conflict are high, their use of time management strategy is high. The wives who show the high scores on time planning strategy have the effective home management behavior. Also, the score on division of household works strategy of employed wives was high, their satisfaction score on their family lives was high.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.301-313
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of child care and it's costs between the full time housewives and employed wives' families with preschool children. the results of this study were as follows ; 1) The child care was performed primarily by herselves in the case of full time housewives' families, whereas the child care of employed wife families was done by babysitter or nursing facilities. 2) Most of unemployed wives' families undertook the burden of time cost, whereas the families of employed wives had to pay heavy expenses of money cost f9or the child care arrangements 3) In the estimation of money cost for the child care arrangements income had the highest effect. In contrast with this, in the case of time cost, occupational status of housewives had the highest effect. It was suggested for enhancing the sense of well - being of housewife it is necessary to perceive the value of household production and the social support for child care arrangements in all families, whether unemployed or employed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.45-58
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to test a causal model of employed and unemployed wives on the basis of the family resource management system theory. The data of this study were obtained from 244 wives who lived in Seoul and were financial mangers. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1. Both employed and unemployed wives, knowledge of financial management was significantly predictor of financial planning. That is, household financial mangers with more financial knowlege used more effective planning behaviors than did those financial managers with less financial konwlege. This results emphasize the significance of enhancing the financial konwledge in the household financial management. 2. For unemployed wives, expectation of household’s future financial condition was influenced by age, household income, locus of control over their financial situation, and perception of financial management’s effectiveness. The strongest predictor of expectation of the household’s future financial situation was age. Younger managers were more optimistic about the future. 3. The findings of this study support theoretical framework on the basis of the family resource management system theory, both for employed and unemployed wives.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-32
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate bases on the employed wives’family financial management types according to family financial management types according to family financial management project and performance. And it’s related variables will provide the basic information for the program which aids in the improvement of the employed wives’family financial management skills and family financial counseling. The major findings were as follows: 1) The total mean score of respondent’s family financial management was 3.54 out of 5. And the mean score of project and performance was respectively 3.42 and 3.62. 2) Among family financial management types, effective type, project-centered type, performance-centered type, ineffective type were respectively 38.7%, 16.4%, 13.2%, 31.7%. 3) The family financial management type of the employed wives was affected by information utilization the degree of communication, type of occupation, and job attitudes.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.197-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of parenting on job satisfaction and psychological well-being in employed women, with moderating effects of marital stress. The present study was based on a sample of 258 full-time employed women aged 30-49 in dual-earner families. The effects of parenting experiences on job satisfaction and psychological well-being were examined separately for women with low and high marital stress. Both parenting rewards and costs were significantly associated with psychological well-being in women with high marital stress. For women with low marital stress, parenting rewards and costs did not predict psychological well-being. Among women with high marital stress, parenting rewards were positively associated with psychological well-being and parenting costs were negatively associated with psychological well-being. In contrast, only parenting costs were a good predictor of job satisfaction for women with high marital stress. In conclusion, the effects of parenting experiences on job satisfaction and psychological well-being were mediated by the level of marital stress in employed women.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.185-200
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the home management ability of the low occupational status employed wives so that the findings may offer them significant information and interest to improve the ability of home management For these purpose reviewing literatures and empirical research were conducted. The sample of this study was selected from the low occupational status employed wives engaging in Seoul Kyoungkee Inchoen, The major findings of this study are summarized as follows. The mean score of the Low Occupational Status employed wives' home management ability was relatively low. Influential variables on home management ability were level of education job-husband income as sociodemographic variables and degrees of communicative satisfaction between husband and wife sex-role attitudes job satisfaction economic life satisfaction and perceived adequacy of resources as psychological variables.