• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.97-125
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• 2012

Companies recently introduce art collaborated products incorporating culture into a product. Art collaborated products include incorporating famous movies and/or design of an artist into a newly launched product. The introduction of art collaborated products are gradually increasing. However, research for this trend is relatively scarce. Although research concerning design has discussed a number of different factors as playing a role in influencing responses to design including culture, fashion, innate preferences, etc.), only limited attention has been paid to the processes by which consumers generate responses to product designs. People with different characteristics may respond differently. When people encounter these art products, they may become curious, may think that these products are unique, novel and innovative. People tend to show different levels of curiosity when they encounter new and novel objects, which they have rarely seen or experienced. Curiosity is defined as a desire for acquiring new knowledge and new sensory experience. Previous studies demonstrated that curiosity motivates individuals to engage in exploratory behaviors. People also show different levels of need for uniqueness, which is defined as being different from others or becoming distinctive among a larger group. Individual's need for uniqueness results from signals conveyed by the material objects that individuals choose to display. Recently, researcher have developed the need for uniqueness with three distinct constructs. These three concepts include creative choice, unpopular choice, and avoidance of similarity. Creative choice is a trait tendency of an individual by expressing or differentiating himself from others through consumptions of unique products. Unpopular choice is related to an individual's tendency to consume products, which deviates from group norms. Avoidance of similarity is linked to the avoidance of consumption behavior of products that are not famous. Past research implies that people with different levels of need for uniqueness show different motivational processes. Previous research also demonstrates that different customer emotions may be derived when consumers are exposed to these art collaborated products. Research tradition has been investigated three different emotional responses such as pleasure, arousal, and dominance. Pleasure is defined as the degree to which a person feels good, joyful, happy, or satisfied in a situation. Arousal is defined as the extent to which a person feels stimulated, active, or excited. Dominance is defined as the extent that a person feels powerful vis-a-vis the environment that surrounds him/her. Previous research show that complex, speedy, and surprising stimuli may excite consumers and thus make them more pleased and engaged in their approach behavior. However, the current study identified these emotional responses as positive emotion, negative emotion, and arousal. These derived emotions may lead consumers to approach and/or avoidance behaviors. In addition, males and females tend to respond differently when they are exposed to art collaboration products. Building on this research tradition, the current study aims to investigate the inter-relationships between individual traits such as curiosity and need for uniqueness and individual's emotional responses including positive and negative emotion and arousal when people encounter various art collaborated products. Emotional responses are proposed to influence purchase intention. Additionally, previous studies show that male and females respond differently to similar stimuli. Accordingly, gender difference are proposed to moderate the links between individual traits and emotional responses. These research aims of the current study may contribute to extending our knowledge in terms of (1) which individual characteristics are related to different emotions, and (2) how these different emotional responses inter-connected to future purchase intention of arts collaborated products. In addition, (3) the different responses to these arts collaborated products by males and females will guide managers how to concoct different strategies to these segments. The questionnaire for the present study was adopted from the previous literature and validated with a pilot test. The survey was conducted in Daegu, a third largest city in South Korea, for three weeks during June and July 2011. Most respondents were in their twenties and thirties. 350 questionnaires were distributed and among them 300 were proved to be valid (valid response rate of 85.7%). Survey questionnaires from valid 300 respondents are used to test hypotheses proposed. The structural equation model (SEM) was used to validate the research model. The measurement and structural model was tested using LISREL 8.7. The measurement model test demonstrated that consistency, convergent validity, and discriminat validity of the measurement items were acceptable. The results from the structural model demonstrate that curiosity has a positive impact on positive emotion, but not on negative emotion and arousal. Need for uniqueness has three different sub-concepts such as creative choice, unpopular choice, and avoidance of similarity. The results show that creative choice has a positive effect on arousal and positive emotion, but has a negative impact on negative emotion. Unpopular choice has a positive effect on arousal, but on neither positive nor negative emotions. Avoidance of similarity has no impact on neither emotions nor arousal. The results also demonstrated that gender has a moderating influence. Males show more negative emotion to creative and unpopular choices. Implications and future research directions are discussed in conclusion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.75-90
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of STEAM program developed and implemented by two docents and its educational impact for the use of natural history museum. Two docents developed this program with the help of science educators who ran five times of workshop during five months. The STEAM program implemented in the natural history museum demonstrated the following characteristics. The exhibitions in museum were reached by visitors only for learning science concepts (S) out of five components in STEAM. The other components, T (technology) and E (engineering), were delivered through lectures in the room, not exhibition hall. M (Mathematics)was achieved by guessing the animal's size, or calculating the walking or running speed with the clue of foot prints. The three phases of STEAM program (presentation of context, creatively design the investigation, and emotional touch) were explicitly implemented but partially successful. Two docents participating in this study responded that they formed new or extended the understandings about STEAM education, but they had the difficulties in implementing STEAM program for various type of visitors. All visitors who participated in this study displayed the favorable responses in educational impact by STEAM program in natural history museum. The heavier emphasis on E and T of STEAM program is recommended through community-based learning. In addition, educator professional program through which docents can bridge theory into practice is suggested for revitalization of STEAM education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.89-103
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to design fashion-cultural products by reviewing the symbolism in Changseung and Sotdae, which are folk belief sculptures. This study was performed by literature reviews of Changseung and Sotdae in order to look into the characteristics of folk belief and traditional culture, and the designs were developed from the symbolism extracted from Changseung and Sotdae with photoshop CS5 and illustrator CS5. The Symbolism of Changseung and Sotdae were as follows: First, Changseung and Sotdae express the 'symbiotic world view' that human beings need to devote one's life to nature. Second, original materials were saved in order to achieve the 'pursuit of essence'. Third, 'simple esthetic expression' was symbolized through the undivided condition between art, religion and life. And fourth, 'empathic humor' was seen through the basis of emotional sense of affinity. The first concept of design development was 'Pursuit of Essence', which was inspired by the characteristics of 'symbiotic world view' and 'pursuit of essence'. Changseungs were expressed as simple and abstract, and Sotdaes as simplified and modern by symmetrical and rotating copy. The second concept, 'Touch of Humor' was inspired by 'simple esthetic expression' and 'emphatic humor'. The face of Changseungs was exaggerated in a humorous ways and Sotdae was developed as sub-motives. The items for the fashion-cultural design were T-shirts, bags, and scarves. Total of 24 items were developed with 4 differently styled designs for each concept. This study was based on basic culture and attempted to diversify the traditional culture items. It hopes to raise the value of traditional culture, and furthermore help build up national competitiveness.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2011

As urbanization has evolved, a number of cities have been engaged in building creative power through branding. Cities contain much creative space and creative space within cities develops them. Cities are connected with space, which have a great influence each other, in particular, in cities of culture and art. Space contents in cities have various forms and types and work as important factors for branding of cities. In this high-touch generation, cities of culture and art have special meaning in that design of emotional generation, and cultural meaning of tangible and intangible assets in cities are their competitive power and sources of high added value. The cities of culture and art are oriented toward creative future globally and nationally. In cities of culture which seek for urban development by excavating artistic meaning and value through artistic and cultural development, their cultural meaning itself can become a brand, which effectively leads to building creative cities and marketing of urban brands. This study aims to analyse cases of cities developed through discovering or reactivating art and cultural meaning and value of urban space based on urban space contents. Then it analyses through what urban image, brands and marketing space contents were developed and suggests necessity of space contents development in small and middle sized cities. Therefore, based on the cases of art and cultural cities developed depending on space contents, it analyses and differentiate their various types and contents, aiming to show that any cities can be based on art and culture and creativity depending on creation, regeneration and development of space contents.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.323-328
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• 2008

Inflatable Mouse is a volume-adjustable user interface. It can be inflated up to the volume of a familiar mouse, but be deflated and stored flat in a PC card slot of a laptop computer when not in use. Inflatable Mouse functions just like a typical mouse; moreover, it provides new interaction techniques by sensing the air pressure in the balloon of the mouse. It also addresses some issues associated with pressure-sensing interactions such as the lack of bi-directional control and the lack of effective feedback. Moreover, it can be used as both a control tool and a display tool. In this paper, the design of an Inflatable Mouse prototype is described and potential application scenarios such as zooming in/out and fast scrolling using pressure control are explained. We also discuss the potential use of Inflatable Mouse as an emotional communication tool.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.101-110
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• 2008

We believe distinguishable product development to be competitive against foreign products, and realize the need to expand domestic business worldwide. In order to be competitive, we should produce fashion items that meets global taste, and at the same time contain exclusive Korean culture and emotional beauty. This article examines and creates unique textile design with the touch of Korean art. Desigus have been proceeded under the following three themes: 'Strong Ego,' 'Gorgeous Days' and 'Song Eternal Seeking Love' using Primavision Computer-aided Design ("CAD"). We have put our interestes in Korean traditional paintings called Hangukhwa. Suitable design motives had been selected and modified from the four gracious plants (bamboos, peonies etc.), and paintings of birds and flowers. Primavision, a CAD software, had been used to manipulate those desigus, and to add instant changes in color, scale, and layout. We had modified Korean traditional motives to make modem image, and had arranged layouts which can be suitable for half-drop repeat and square repeat. The use of color is essential in pattern design. Thus, we explored coloring ways for each design to meet the trends, and the final mapping had been conducted in western style of dresses. We have tried to mix Korean image of textile designs with Western clothing style, expressing hybrid in the mapping process. With global movements, we need to develop products with Korean traditional exotic taste to attract foreign consumers. Therefore, we selected symbolic motives from Korean paintings to express deep spiritual significance. We developed textile design and processed mapping on selected western designer's dress, employing current trend colors and making crossover coordination. We realized Korean painting would be an excellent source for exclusive fabric design, and tried to create a modernized design which maintains Korean ethnical identities.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.523-545
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• 2013

The purposes of the study were to analyze STEAM instructional materials to find research trends on STEAM instructional program and to develop mathematics-centered STEAM instructional program for middle school second graders. To conduct this study, the researcher collected total 123 research papers and thesis focused on the development of STEAM instructional material and deduced implications for the development of mathematics-centered STEAM instrucational materials from the findings. The researcher found that important components of such as 'context for learning', 'internalization-mmersion', 'new challenge', and 'self-assessment' in STEAM education were not reflected properly in 19 mathematics-centered STEAM instructional programs. Therefore, the researcher put more emphasis on those components in the process of developing mathematics-centered STEAM program.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nursing education using a CD ROM on the anxiety and knowledge of the patients having minor surgery. Method: Forty patients hospitalized in K hospital in Seoul from April to August 2002 participated in this study. In the experimental group, twenty patients received nursing education on the operational procedures and post-operational care. The control group, received conventional nursing care only. Anxiety experienced by patients was measured by Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and knowledge was measured by an instrument developed by Rahe et al. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical program. Result: There were no significant differences in anxiety level between two groups. However, subjects in the experimental group were found to have significantly higher postoperative knowledge levels than those in the control group, and were very satisfied with the CD ROM program. Conclusion: The nursing education program using CD ROM before minor surgery proved to be an effective nursing intervention to increase knowledge of patients and contribute to their self care after discharge. To decrease anxiety of the surgery, the nursing education program should be combined with supprortive emotional nursing intervention, such as touch, and massage.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.3-10
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze STEAM learning/teaching program that relates robots and to develop and redesign STEAM teaching/learning program with a robot for elementary and secondary schools. 'Learning with a robot' is considered as one of the best candidates for STEAM education. This article mainly concerns a robot that can be helpful to improve students' interests in learning science and mathematics in schools. As the results of the STEAM learning/teaching program analyzing, the program for elementary schools contained more contents of liberal arts and fine arts, and the program for secondary schools contained more contents of science, technology, and math. In the middle school program, context for learning, class activities of creative design and emotional touch, evaluation, and job and career information were evenly implemented. In the elementary and high school program, there were few information about robotics career. We extracted all robot utilizable subjects and units from school curriculums, and redesigned contents which can be applicable to regular classes for schools. As the result of this study, we conclude that 'learning with a robot' can encourage students' interests in STEM area.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.499-507
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to explore nursing needs during labor pain that had been suffered by women who have given birth. It is essential to identify the nursing needs in order to solve nursing problems and to provide better care for the parturients. The sample consisted of 20 women of primiparas and 17 women of multiparas. They underwent normal labor and delivered a healthy baby at term. The data had been collected through the unstructured interviews conducted 1-2 days after delivery in the admission room from March 1998 to March 1999. On average, the interviews lasted for about 30 minutes. Interviews were taken with the consent of the subjects. The data are categorized according to the similarities of their contents. Seventeen subordinate categories and six superordinate categories have been identified. Six superordinate categories are 1) physical nursing needs 2) nursing needs of medical behavior 3) emotional nursing needs 4) informational and teaching nursing needs 5) nursing needs of pain control 6) nursing needs of respect(personality). Seventeen subordinate categories include: comfortable posture, touch, professional knowledge and techniques, duty execution, support, company and talk, stable surroundings, reassurance, information on delivery, explanation of medical behavior, information on surroundings, instruction on the case of pain, arbitrary adjustment, artificial adjustment, respect, interest and reflection of opinions. The result of this research is the same as that of foreign research and the items of the questionnaire in Korea are the same as the foreign one. Despite the same result, however, this dissertation is significant in that the research identifies the parturients nursing needs and classified the data and thus the basis has been formed to develop the tools to assess the nursing needs of the Korean parturients. The findings can be used as the guide for nursing intervention of parturients.