• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.257-265
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the job stress level of call center workers and figure out its relation with cognitive emotion regulation strategies as a cognitive coping strategy. Methods: Data collection was conducted on 985 call center workers, working for K companies in Korea. ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe's test and multiple regression have been conducted for the data analysis using SAS 9.0 software. Results: The total job stress score of subjects ranges $Q_{25{\sim}49}$ (the lower 50%) whereas the score of job demand and job control ranges $Q_{50{\sim}74}$ (the upper 50%), and its sectional job stress level is high. Since job stress is the major factor affecting cognitive emotion regulation strategies, it is shown that when the job stress score gets higher, the score of positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies gets decreased but the score of negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies, increased. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop and apply an effective stress easing method for call center workers which reduces negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies and increases positive ones.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.558-576
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• 2020

The purpose of the research was to verify the mediating effect of social support and cognitive emotional regulation strategy when office worker's emotional expressive ambivalence influences on interpersonal stress. A survey was conducted with 422 office workers from August to September of 2018. SPSS, AMOS and Mplus were used for descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, verification of structural equation modeling and mediated effect. There was a partial mediating effect in emotional expressive ambivalence of self-defense model, a complete mediating effect in relational emotional expressive ambivalence model. In both self-defense and relational emotional expressive ambivalence model, double mediation effect of passing through support and cognitive emotional regulation strategy in the relationship between emotional expressive ambivalence and interpersonal stress was significant. This study sought ways to reduce interpersonal stress by increasing the level of perception of social support and using adaptive cognitive emotional control strategies for office workers.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.83-102
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• 2018

The process model of emotion regulation suggests that cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression engage at different time points in the regulation process. Although multiple brain regions and networks have been identified for each strategy, no articles have explored changes in network characteristics or network connectivity over time. The present study examined (a) the whole-brain network and six other resting-state networks, (b) their modularity and global efficiency, which is an index of the efficiency of information exchange across the network, (c) the degree and betweenness centrality for 160 brain regions to identify the hub nodes with the most control over the entire network, and (d) the intra-network and inter-network functional connectivity (FC). Such investigations were performed using a traditional large-scale FC analysis and a relatively recent sliding window correlation analysis. The results showed that the right inferior orbitofrontal cortex was the hub region of the whole-brain network for both strategies. The present findings of temporally altering functional activity of the networks revealed that the default mode network (DMN) activated at the early stage of reappraisal, followed by the task-positive networks (cingulo-opercular network and fronto-parietal network), emotion-processing networks (the cerebellar network and DMN), and sensorimotor network (SMN) that activated at the early stage of suppression, followed by the greater recruitment of task-positive networks and their functional connection with the emotional response-related networks (SMN and occipital network). This is the first study that provides neuroimaging evidence supporting the process model of emotion regulation by revealing the temporally varying network efficiency and intra- and inter-network functional connections of reappraisal and suppression.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.10-16
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• 2022

Objective : The present study examined the effectiveness of the mindful self-compassion (MSC) program on anxiety, depression, self-compassion and emotion regulation. Methods : A total of 29 subjects (mean age 27.5±6.5 years, 15 males and 14 females) participated in a standardized 8-week MSC program. The control group consisted of age- and sex-matched twenty participants (mean age 26.0±2.9 years, 11 males and 9 females). All subjects completed self-report measurements at two weeks before and after the MSC program. Results : MSC training improved self-compassion as demonstrated by the significant group x time interaction effects on the total Self-Compassion Scale scores (F[1, 47]=8.324, p<0.01). Regarding the subscale scores, a significant improvement in self-kindness, isolation and mindfulness components of self-compassion was observed after MSC training. A significant group x time interaction was observed on the self-kindness subscale (F[1, 47]=4.664, p<0.05), with a significant main effect of time (F[1, 47]=23.723, p<0.001). The isolation subscale showed a significant group x time interaction (F[1, 47]=8.698, p<0.001). For the mindfulness subscale, there was a significant group x time interaction (F[1, 47]=6.611, p<0.05) and main effect of time (F[1, 47]=6.611, p<0.05). MSC training also improved the acceptance emotion regulation strategy, as demonstrated by the significant group x time interaction in the acceptance subscale scores of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (F[1, 47]=6.845, p<0.05). Conclusion : MSC training showed efficacy in fostering self-compassion and improving emotion regulation. Thus, this program might be applicable to improve mental health.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.794-808
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• 2014

This research aimed to examine the effect of emotional dissonance and emotional intelligence on the prosocial behavior of fashion salespeople in department stores, and whether emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between emotional dissonance and prosocial behavior. Moreover, we aimed to suggest a method to improve the prosocial behavior of salespeople as a strategy to obtain a continuous competitive advantage in an increasingly competitive fashion distribution environment. This research was conducted through a questionnaire survey, and 345 responses were collected from department store salespeople for the final analysis. First, the analysis results showed that the emotional dissonance of salespeople arose from their dealings with their organization and with customers. Prosocial behavior was deduced to be a factor of the cooperation with coworker and extra-role customer service. The emotional intelligence was deduced to be a factor of the use of emotion, regulation of emotion, self-emotion appraisal, and others'emotion appraisal. Second, with a higher level of emotional dissonance against the organization, there was less cooperation with coworker, while a higher emotional dissonance against customers resulted in increased cooperation with coworker. Third, it appeared that with a higher level of emotional dissonance against the organization, there was a higher utilization of use of emotion, self-emotion appraisal, and others'emotion appraisal of emotional intelligence. Fourth, as the regulation of emotion, self-emotion appraisal, and use of emotion were higher, there was more cooperation with coworker, whereas an increase in the utilization of one's own emotion and emotional control resulted in a higher level of extra-role customer service. Finally, emotional intelligence has a significant mediating effect between emotional dissonance and prosocial behavior. The above results suggest that for department stores to improve the prosocial behavior of their sales staff requires the establishment of a method to enhance the emotional intelligence of the staff. The results also indicate that there is a need for department stores to prepare a systemic tool to enable them to select people with a high degree of emotional intelligence when recruiting salespeople.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.375-388
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• 2021

This study aims to contribute to the understanding of consumer behavior during the COVID-19 by comparing blog reviews of an over-the-top (OTT) online video service from before and during the pandemic. We anticipate that the COVID-19 outbreak prompts the use of the OTT service as part of an emotion-focused coping strategy derived from the loss of personal control and the subsequent avoidance motivation. We also posit that a strong yearning for life before COVID-19 will increase interest in the content that fulfills a need for nostalgia. Our analysis of Netflix reviews provides empirical evidence of the effects of an emotion-focused coping strategy and nostalgia on OTT service usage. First, the titles of the reviews posted during COVID-19 indicate that consumers were less likely to mention OTT services other than Netflix, more interested in domestic content, and used OTT services as an avoidance-denial strategy. Second, the blog content demonstrates that while pre-COVID reviews tend to focus on the practical benefits of OTT services, those posted during the pandemic focus on mood, emotions, and dialogue. In addition, interest in comedy and romance genres increased during COVID-19. Third, we identified a greater preference for realistic or everyday content that depicted the pre-pandemic era. This is the first empirical study to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on video streaming usage in Korea. In addition, this research contributes to the field of marketing by expanding our understanding of online video service users during COVID-19 and identifies practical implications for OTT services in the midst of a pandemic.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.591-600
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• 2001

Purpose: This study was to observe the effects of music therapy on the cognitive function, behavior, and emotions of elderly dementia patients, and to seek musical mediation for them. This study was conducted with patients in the Dementia Sanitarium in C City from March 13 to April 17. Method: The design of research was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design and the subjects were 25 patients-15 of whom were in the experimental group with 10 in the control group. The music therapy consisted of favorite music listening in the morning, favorite music group singing activity after lunch, and relaxing music listening after dinner. The schedule was followed 6 days a week for 2 weeks for a total of thirty-six session. The effect of music therapy was measured by MMSE-K and the behavior and emotion measuring equipment which had been derived by the researcher. The verification of the effects is that the score of cognitive function, behavior, and emotions of the experimental and the control group which were measured after the therapy had been applied was analyzed by descriptive statistics and t - test using SPSS WIN program. Result: 1) The degree of cognitive function of the experimental group which was received the music therapy is $11.53{\pm}5.37$ which is a little higher than the control group which is $11.20{\pm}6.32$, but it is not significant statistically (t= .14, p= .887). The first hypothesis which had assumed the recepients would have had a higher cognitive function level than the other was rejected. 2) Behavior score of the experimental group that received the music therapy is $68.90{\pm}7.86$ which is higher than the control group which is $66.40{\pm}11.13$, but it is not significant statistically(t= .61, p= .548). The second hypothesis which had assumed the recepients would have had a higher behavior level than the other was rejected. 3) Emotions score of the experimental group that received the music therapy is $42.13{\pm}5.04$ which is higher than the control group which is $35.20{\pm}6.12$, and it is significant statistically(t=3..09, p= .009). The third hypothesis which assumed the recepients would have had a higher emotion level was supported. Conclusion: music therapy which is composed of listening to music and group singing activity is an effective strategy for improvement of the emotions of the dementia elderly. But, the effect of music therapy on the cognitive function and behavior of elderly dementia patients is not significant statistically.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2004

Purpose: The research was conducted to investigate the experience of maternal role attainment of mothers of premature infants admitted in NICU and to conceptualize the phenomena. Method: The grounded theory method was utilized for data collection and analysis. 8 mothers of premature infants were selected and in-depth interview was performed. Paradigm model was utilized for data analysis and presentation. Result: The central category was 'unstable maternal identity'. The properties of the core phenomena was 'ambivalent feeling to baby' 'negative emotion' 'commitment to baby'. The loss of control due to premature delivery was the causal condition. contextual condition was the 'perceived threats' due to severity of the premature infant and uncerainty of the baby's life. The mother's health status, economic status, and familial and social support was recognized as intervening conditions during the process of maternal role attainment. The strategic action/interactions were emotion-focused coping, reappraisal of the situation, problem-focused coping, and information seeking. The consequence was the maternal role attainment with competence and expectation. Conclusion: The process of maternal role attainment was affected by threats due to severity of the baby and intervening factors and interaction strategy. Further research is recommended to develop adequate intervention method during the process of maternal role attainment.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the stress and the coping strategies in breast cancer patients and their spouses. Methods: The stress level was measured by the Stress Questionnaire of Andersson & Albertsson (2000). The coping strategies were measured by the modified Lazarus & Folkman's Ways of Coping Questionnaire. The data were collected by a survey sampling 49 couples from one hospital in Seoul. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA and paired t-test. Results: There was no significant differences between the stress level of breast cancer patients and their spouses. The problem-focused coping of breast cancer patients was significant higher than their spouses. The cancer patients and their spouses used problem-focused coping mode more than emotion-focused coping mode. In the problem-focused coping mode, breast cancer patients used two coping strategies - 'seeking information' and 'cognitive reconstruction' - significantly more than their spouses. In emotion-focused coping mode, the breast cancer patients used one coping strategy, 'emotional expression', significantly more than the their spouses. Conclusion: Further study needs to attempt to develop nursing interventions that could improve positive coping strategies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.269-279
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the relationship among positive psychology capital, social support and emotion regulation ability of nursing college students and to examine the effect of social support and emotion regulation ability on positive psychology capital. 157 nursing college students were participated in the study. Data were collected by structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS / Win 21.0 program. The results showed that the level of positive psychology capital among nursing college students was above middle level(3.68/5), and there was a significant positive correlation among positive psychology capital and social support and emotional regulation ability. The results showed that factors affecting positive psychological capital were gender (${\beta}=-.11$), teaching relationship (${\beta}=.16$), evaluation support (${\beta}=.40$) and self emotion regulation (${\beta}=.39$). The overall explanatory power of the model was 68%, and by emotional self control of the emotion regulation ability explanatory power of the positive psychological capital was 9%. In order to enhance positive psychology capital of nursing college students, it is an effective strategy to develop and provide an emotional regulation program.