• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

Purpose: To provide legislative data for the amendment of Article 36 of the Emergency Medical Service Act on the qualifications of emergency medical technicians. Methods: The study was drafted based on the Emergency Medical Service Act; data on the emergency medical technicians (EMT) system and curriculum in Korea, United States. Japan, and Taiwan; and previous studies on the EMT system in Korea. Results: The length of education. work scope. amd role of level 1 EMTs vary significantly depending on the type of qualifications they have as emergency medical professionals, while the supply of level 1 EMTs has already reached a point of saturation. Accordingly, the current regulation on allowing level 2 EMTs with at least three years of experience to take the level 1 EMT test presents serious inequity for students just graduating from their emergency medical services program. It is also a factor that degrades the professionalism of level 1 EMTs. Conclusion: Article 36, paragraph 2. subparagraph 3 of the Emergency Medical Services Act pertaining to regulations on "EMTs who have worked as level 2 EMTs for at least 3 years" needs to be removed.

• 의료법학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.141-171
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• 2019

간호사는 의료법 상 의료인으로서 의료기관에서 진료의 보조 등의 업무를 수행한다. 의료인인 간호사는 119 구조·구급에 관한 법률에 근거 구급대원으로서 병원 전 단계 응급의료체계에서 응급환자를 대상으로 응급의료를 제공한다. 병원 전 응급의료체계에서 업무를 수행하는 간호사의 업무범위는 의료법 상 포괄적으로 규정되어 있는 업무를 판례 등을 통해 구체화되어 왔다. 반대로 응급구조사의 업무범위는 응급의료법에 의해 구체적 행위를 열거하는 방식으로 규정되어 있다. 병원 전 단계 응급의료체계에서 응급의료종사자로서 업무를 수행하는 간호사의 업무범위는 대상 환자의 긴급성, 응급의료기관으로의 이송 중이라는 점, 통신 상의 의료지도라는 특수성을 고려하여 간호사의 업무범위를 의료기관 내에서와 달리 적용하여 해석되어야 한다. 따라서 상대적으로 병원 전단계에서 간호사가 응급구조사보다 넓은 업무범위가 인정되고 이것이 정책목표에도 부합된다.

• 의료법학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.249-293
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• 2012

Inter-hospital transfer, depending on its medical and legal appropriateness, affect the prognosis of patients and can even lead to legal disputes. As Emergency Medical Service Act, any physician shall, in case where deemed that pertinent medical service is unavailable for such patient with the capacities of the relevant medical institution, transfer without delay such patient to another medical institution where a pertinent medical service is available. For medico-legally appropriate inter-hospital transfer, the head of a medical institution shall, in case where he transfers an emergency patient provide medical instruments and manpower required for a safe transfer of the emergency patient, and furnish the medical records necessary for a medical examination at the medical institution in receipt of such patient. And transfer process must comply with the requirements prescribed by executive rule such as attachment of the referral, provision of ambulance, fellow riders and informed consent of transfer. Those engaged in emergency medical service shall explain an emergency medical service to an emergency patient and secure his consent. In addition to the duty to inform about emergency medical service to the patient and his or her legally representative, there is also a duty for doctors to sufficiently explain to the patient and his or her legally representative during inter-hospital transfer that the need for the transfer, the medical conditions of the patient to be transferred and emergency treatment that will be provided by the hospital from which the patient is going to transferred. Likewise, the hospital to which the patient is transferred must be thoroughly informed about matters such as the patient's conditions, the treatment the patient was given and reasons for transfer by transferring doctors.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to suggest the qualification criteria for the instructors of first aid education for teachers in the School Health Act. Methods: We compared and analyzed the approval provisions for qualifying as first aid educators under the School Health Act, the Emergency Medical Services Act, and prior studies of first aid education. Results: The comparison of the studies demonstrated some key points. First, the first aid education of teachers could be improved through the knowledge of professional instructors. Second, the doctors, emergency nurse practitioners, and emergency medical technicians (EMT) were suitable as specialized first aid instructors. Third, for qualifying as first aid instructor, only the EMTs required more than five years of career. Conclusion: We suggest that all emergency medical service providers qualify to become first aid educators. Additionally, the requirement of EMTs to have more than 5 years of career to qualify as an instructor should be eliminated.

• 의료법학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.31-60
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• 2014

In this paper the good Samaritan civil liability is argued. In many cases some damage could be caused by an emergency medical service. In such situations the degree of duty of care taken by the service provider would be alleviated depending upon the degree of emergency. Then the service provided by anyone not carrying any duty to do so could be generally ruled by the 'Korean Civil Act' Article 735. This article is related to the management of affairs in urgency. The application of this article means the mitigation of civil liability of the service provider. If the service provider not carrying any duty to provide it "has managed the affairs" of the service "in order to protect the" victim "against an imminent danger to the latter's life", the provider "shall not be liable for any damages caused thereby, unless he acted intentionally or with gross negligence". Korea has another rule applied in such a situation, that is the Korean 'Emergency Medical Service Act' Article 5-2. This article is established for the exemption from responsibility for well-intentioned emergency medical service. It could be referred to as the Good Samaritan law. It provides: "In cases where no intention or gross negligence is committed on the property damage and death or injury caused by giving any emergency medical service or first-aid treatment falling under any of the following subparagraphs to an emergency patient whose life is in jeopardy, the relevant actor shall not take the civil liability ${\cdots}$" In this paper the two articles is compared in the viewpoints of the requirements for and effects of the application of them respectively. The 'Korean Civil Act' Article 735 is relatively general rule against the the Korean 'Emergency Medical Service Act' Article 5-2 in the same circumstance. Therefore the former could be resorted to only if any situation could not satisfy the requisites for the application of the latter. In this paper it has suggested that the former article be more specific for the accuracy of making decision to apply it; and that the latter be revise in some requirements including the victim, the service provider, and the service.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

Purpose : It was to improve medical direction system through presenting need of doctor and paramedic in Korean Fire Service. Methods : This study was conducted by applying demand coefficients(4 for doctor, 3 or 4.5 for paramedic) to some data on medical director, paramedic, ambulance from National Emergency Management Agency. Results : Number of medical director & paramedic were 4 & 1,217. Number of necessary doctor for medical direction was 64 or 28(in case of direct medical direction) & 16 or 7(in case of indirect medical direction). Number of necessary paramedic for direct medical direction was 492(in case of 35% ALS ambulance) & 1,062(in case of 50% ALS ambulance). Conclusions : To improve quality & efficiency of medical direction brought up need of amendment of the Emergency Medical Services Act to apply indirect medical control such as standing orders, protocol, case review.

• 의료법학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.89-115
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• 2022

본 글에서는 보건의료관련 법령 중 의료법, 응급의료에 관한 법률, 의료사고 피해구제 및 의료분쟁 조정 등에 관한 법률을 민법에 기초하여 검토하고 해석하였다. 보건의료분야는 보건의료기술의 발달에 따른 의료현장의 변화를 반영하는 여러 법률이 존재하고 그 제정이나 개정도 매우 빈번하다. 그리고 제정이나 개정의 과정에서 현장의 수요를 반영하면서 보건의료관련 법령의 양상은 매우 복잡해지고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 법을 위반하지 않으려면 상당한 주의를 기울여야만 하고, 법적용을 위해서 구체적 지침이나 유권해석을 필요로 하는 경우도 많아지고 있다. 그리고 심지어는 그 지침이나 유권해석도 민법과 모순되는 경우가 종종 발생한다. 이 글에서는 보건의료관련 법령의 조문상 오류와 해석상 민법의 사고와 모순되는 경우를 찾아내어 보건의료관련 법령의 입안과 해석, 적용에도 민법적 사고가 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.32-55
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• 1996

It was enacted 'Emergency Medical Act' in January, 1994 beginning the emergency medical service system from 1982, and while it was established the emergency medical department in junior college providing the detailed agenda about emergency medical technician and the regulation relative to the application of a law on the emergency medical act in 1995, the fire school and the National Medical Center are enforced the curriculum. It is very important subject faced for the construction of emergency medical system to produce a number of emergency medical technicians to be sufficient to the role of emergency aid. In this study it is analysed the training curriculum for the emergency medical technician and presented the improvement plans. 1. Though it needs the qualification level of first and second class in the selection process, the more important thing needs the detailed qualification level by term of one's service and the skills of business accomplishment. 2. In the examination management, (1) written examination is composed of the questions to understand how much faithfully they carry out the practical business as the emergency medical technicians, (2) it is added practical examination as the item to appraise the situation disposal ability. 3. It is necessary to prescribe the activity in the medical institution and ambulance arrangement through the development of 'Business Treatment Guide'. 4. For the regional balanced disposition of emergency medical personnel it is selected balanceably the educational institution by eight medical service areas, and considering the characteristics of region it is necessary to manage, in the practical business training course, another special course such as the mountains medical aid and sea medical aid. 5. In the period of education the first class needs the practical business training period of a certain period after passing examination, and the second class needs the extension of the period. 6. As the problems to improve in the curriculum [1] in the first class course (1) intensification of practical educaiton (2) reinforcement of curriculum (3) the development of standardized curriculum etc., [2] in the second class course (1) varieties of curriculum (2) intensification of basic first aid treatment education.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2021

Purpose: Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) have so far been trained as professionals under the same conditions, with no change in the 1995 Act. We aimed to find ways for them to secure expertise in accordance with social needs by strengthening the quality of the EMT education. Methods: This is a descriptive study comparing the operation status of the national emergency medical examination conducted by the Korea Health Personnel Licensing Examination Institute, and the national examinations of EMT paramedic and EMT basic. The scope of the national examinations for EMT was compared by subject and area. Results: The national written exam for EMT paramedic consists of five areas. EMT basic does not include basic medicine in three related subjects, 11 areas, and 18 detail areas. Paramedic care does not include advanced pediatric life support. In addition, nine areas and 20 detail areas are not included. Conclusion: The study suggests the need for institutional supplementation so that those who have completed EMT basic and the subjects prescribed by the ordinance of the Ministry of Health and Welfare at universities, etc., in the Higher Education Act can take the EMT paramedic national exam.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2006

In Korea, There are many disasters, like the collapse of Sampung department store, the strike of severe typhoon 'Rusa' and the subway tragedy in Taegu, because of global warming, urbanization, high-density and high-rise of buildings. So, the government made 'The Framework Act' on the safe and management of disaster and 'The National Emergency Management Agency' was established. But emergency medical service systems in Korea is not growing so much. The purpose of this research is to give basic data for the development of emergency medical service systems in Disaster by comparing of disaster management systems and emergency medical systems among the nations of the world, analysing emergency medical systems in disaster in Korea and suggesting some improvement methods. The improvment methods are like this ; First, establishing the National Disaster Medical System in Korea, making the good triage by EMT, expansion of EMT's working area, developing protocols and framing of medical director increasing the working force of EMT, broad inner cavity of ambulance for treatment of patientent, supplement of professional equipments, active using of helicopters are needed in prehospital are. Second, equal establishment of emergency medical center and increase of working force of emergency medical team are needed in hospital area. Finally, enforcement of the dispatcher's qualification, smooth communication among EMSS systems and actualization of medical direction through screen are needed in the Telecommunication system.