• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.1018-1021
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• 2003

We have synthesized poly(3-hexylthiophene) and studied the optical properties of P3HT for applying to the red emitting materials of organic electroluminescent device. Usually, an organic EL device is composed of single layer like anode/emitting layer/cathode, but additional layer such as hole transport, electron transport and buffer layer is deposited to improve device efficiency. In this study, Multilayer EL devices were fabricated using tris(8-hydroxyquinolinate) aluminum($Alq_3$) as electron transport material, (N,N'-diphenyl-N,,N'(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'diamine))(TPD) as hole transport/electron blocking materials and LiF as buffer layer. That is, a device structure of ITO/blending layer(TPD+P3HT)/$Alq_3$/LiF/Al was employed. In the Multilayer device, the luminance of $10{\mu}W/cm^2$ obtained at 10V. And, we present the experimental evidence of the enhancement of the Foster energy transfer interaction in emitting layer.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.91-95
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• 2017

We were designed the hole transport layer of the new composite skeleton structure having a high charge mobility and thermal stability. In this paper, a hole transport layer material based on thiophene molecular structure capable of hole mobility characteristics and high triplet energy was designed and synthesized. The structures and properties of the synthesized compounds were characterized by NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy and energy band gap. As a result of NMR measurement, it was confirmed that when analyzing the integrated type with the position where the measured peak is displayed, it agrees with the structure of hole transport materials. The emission characteristics of the hole transport layer material showed absorption characteristics at 412 nm and 426 nm, respectively, and exhibited emission characteristics in the range of 469 nm and 516 nm.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.473-477
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• 2005

A Bi-2223 tape has been developed for power applications such as a fault current limiter, a power cable and a superconducting magnetic energy storage system. In such applications, the Bi-2223 tape carries time varying transport current and in addition experiences time varying external magnetic field. It is well known that the external magnetic field not only causes magnetization loss in the Bi-2223 tape, but also drastically increases transport loss due to a so-called 'dynamic resistance' We developed an evaluation setup, which can measure transport loss in external at magnetic fields. Using this equipment, we measured the dynamic resistances for various amplitudes and frequencies of an external at magnetic field perpendicular to the face in the tape. Simultaneously we investigated the effect of an external ac field on transport loss with different experimental conditions. This paper describes test results ana discussions on correlation between the dynamic resistance and the transport loss for the Bi-2223 tape.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제69권
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• pp.303-326
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• 2016

The Rotterdam Rules regulate both transport documents and the legal effect of the choice of document much more comprehensively than the existing maritime convention to bring international harmonization of issues relating to transport documents. The Rotterdam Rules use the generic term 'transport documents' rather than referring to specific title such as bills of lading, sea waybills. The generic term 'transport documents' allow four types of transport documents to be identified as follows. 1. negotiable 2. negotiable which dispense with surrender 3. non-negotiable which require surrender 4. non-negotiable. Each types of transport documents has its requirements to be satisfied. Also, the choice of transport documents affects legal effect. Thus parties to the contract of carriage not only need to know how the document will be classified at the time it is issued but also consider what the documents will bring legal consequences.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제20권
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• pp.369-385
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• 2003

Contracts of carriage evidenced by bill of lading which are made between carrier and unidentified number of the shipper are to a large extent regulated by statute law such as Hague-Visby Rules and Hamburg Rules. These rules qualifies the contractual liberty of parties and especially restrains the carrier from introducing exemption from his liability beyond those admitted by the Rules. However, these Rules are applied only to goods in respect of which a bill of lading or similar document of title has been issued. In this reason, it is possible that liability of carrier in respect of goods shipped could become an issue where electronic bill of lading is used instead of paper bill of lading because electronic bill of lading is not generally recognised document of title in existing rule. Thus, this article discuss the relation between the carrier who create electronic bill of lading and the Rules regulating liability of carrier. Also, new Rules which has been examining in UNCITRAL will be introduced.

• 정보학연구
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.197-214
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• 2002

전자상거래의 도입으로 인하여 전신송금환(T/T)${\cdot}$우편송금환(M/T)${\cdot}$송금수표(D/D)와 같은 단순송금방식(Remittance), 현금결제방식(COD)과 서류결제방식(CAD), 지급인도조건(D/P)${\cdot}$인수인도조건(D/A)과 같은 추심 결제방식, 신용장(Letter of Credit)방식 등 기존의 무역결제수단이 신용카드(Credit Card), 전자화폐(Electronic Cash), 전자자금이체(EFT; Electronic Fund Transfer), 무역카드(TradeCard), SWIFT의 전자신용장(Electronic L/C), 볼레로 시스템 등의 전자결제시스템으로 전환되었다. 이에 본고는 대표적 전자무역결제시스템인 볼레로와 무역카드를 비교${\cdot}$분석함으로써 이들 시스템의 활용가능성을 모색하고자 하는 것이다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.4 No.2
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• pp.864-867
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• 2003

Since the development of semiconductors, various related research has been conducted. During research, silicon diodes have been commonly used because of their simplicity and low cost in the manufacturing process. This research deals with p-n junction threshold voltages from silicon diodes due to transport current at a cryogenic temperature. At a cryogenic temperature(77K) we could get minimum current which junction threshold voltage becomes constant. This is experimented on GPIB communication and it consist of programmable current source, multimeter which gauge the threshold voltage in a very low temperature caused by transport current from 5nA to 1mA and $LN_2$(77K) for coolant. This experiment is programmed all process using Measurement studio(Lab window) tool.

• 정보학연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.159-176
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• 2005

The Purpose of this Article is to analyze the special settlement and electronic settlement system in the international trade. First, Factoring is a fast, easy and flexible way to improve a company's cash flow and generate working capital for the company. Factoring can be short-term or part of an ongoing financing program. New companies can benefit as well, since there is no requirement for a long-term credit history. Second, Forfaiting is a method of trade financing that allows exporters to obtain cash and be free of all risks by selling their medium term receivables on a 'without recourse' basis. Forfaiting can be an alternative to export credit or insurance cover, especially for those transactions in which the export credit agency is not open to a particular country and/or bank. Third, The Bolero System is jointly financed by SWIFT(Society for World International Financial Telecommunications) which handles most of the electronic funds transfer for banks, and the Through Transport Mutual Assurance Association(the TT Club), a mutual insurance association most of whose members are drawn from the Multimodal transport industry or transport intermediaries. Fourth, TradeCard is a payment and settlement system that is an alternative to letters of crdeit. That is, TradeCard is a business-to-business e-commerce infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to conduct and settle international trade transactions securely over the Internet.

• Carbon letters
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2013

The performance of graphene-based electronic devices is critically affected by the quality of the graphene-metal contact. The understanding of graphene-metal is therefore critical for the successful development of graphene-based electronic devices, especially field-effect-transistors. Here, we provide a review of the peculiar properties of graphene-metal contacts, including work function pinning, the charge transport mechanism, the impact of the process on the contract resistance, and other factors.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1988년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.56-59
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• 1988

Electron transport properties of gallium arsenide in an electric field are simulated the drift velocity, Mn.energy, electron occupation, mobility in the temperature range $77^{\circ}K-500^{\circ}K$ using a Monte Carlo Method. Therefore it can be used for a GaAs MESFET design.