• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2022

Objectives This scoping review aimed to investigate the domestic clinical research trends of motion-style acupuncture treatment (MSAT), identify diseases and symptoms for which MSAT is used, summarize specific methods of MSAT, and suggest the direction of future studies. Methods The study was conducted in accordance with a previously specified methodology, using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. We searched nine electronic databases for studies on MSAT reported till March 21, 2022. The search terms were 'kinematic acupuncture,' 'MSAT,' 'motion style acupuncture,' and 'motion style treatment.' Results A total of 29 studies were included in our analyses; of them, 23 (79.3%) were before-after studies. Lumbosacral disease was the most common for which MSAT was applied (n=16). The frequency and duration of treatments differed depending on the researchers, and local acupoints (including ashi points) were used in 22 (75.9%) studies. In most cases, the method of mobilizing the joint or stretching the muscle in the disease area was used after inserting the acupuncture; however, in 7 studies, gait exercise was used. Most studies used MSAT in combination with other treatments. Conclusions This study supports the direction of future research by presenting the methodological applications of MSAT. To increase its clinical applicability, studies with a high level of evidence investigating the application to various body part, standardization and safety of MSAT are necessary.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.24-41
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• 2012

Objectives: This study reviewed research trends concerning the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use and to suggest future research directions appropriate to medical circumstances in Korea. Methods: We searched for surveys of CAM use in 8 databases including 6 Korean databases, Ovid MEDLINE, and the CINAHL electronic database. Three independent reviewers working in pairs screened titles and abstracts of articles for eligibility. Full text was retrieved in case of disagreement on the eligibility. The main analysis targets included survey researcher's affiliation, terminology used in the title, study subject, definition of CAM, classifications of CAM modalities, and the area assortment of CAM and traditional Korean medicine (TKM). Results: 92 articles were included for analysis. The major constituent of affiliation was doctors (53%). According to years, study subjects were diversified to a large range of diseases. Since 2003, terminology is absorbed to use CAM. But actually, the most commonly used definition in the research was comprehensive such as "not generally considered part of major medicine" (55.4%) and the most used classification of CAM was self-criteria (61.9%). As for area assortment of CAM and TKM, many therapies exist in a gray zone between CAM and TKM. Conclusions: Standardized definition and classification criteria about CAM fit to the Korean healthcare system have not yet developed. For traditional Korean medicine academia, more concern should be paid to establishing appropriate development of definitions and classification criteria.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.47-67
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• 2009

Objectives : To research the trend of the study related to pharmacopuncture about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases in China and to make a comparison with clinical application on pharmacopuncture about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases in China and Korea. Methods : I reviewed and analyzed four Chinese Journals relating pharmacopucture from 2004 to 2008 and two Korean Journals relating pharmacopuncture from 1999 to 2008. Results : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The pharmacopuncture was often used for diseases of spines and joints. 2. In the medicine of pharmacopuncture, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix, Angelicae Gigantis Radix were mainly used in China, and Bee-venom in Korea. 3. As a method of needling, local acupoint and Ashi-point were mainly ueed in both China and Korea. 4. In combined treatments, acupuncture, electronic acupuncture, Chuna, heating acupuncture were mainly used in China, and acupuncture, herb medicine, physiotherapy in Korea. 5. In the case of control group study, compared with other treatments pharmacopuncture was not verified the superiority of effectiveness in China, but in Korea, the effectiveness of a pharmacopuncture could be compared with that of others and the effectivenss of different pharmacopuncture could be compared. Conclusions : As seen above, in Korea, clinician should carry out clinical application about musculoskeletal and nervous diseases with various herbal injections besides Bee-venom. And I think that it will be starting point to use Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix and Angelicae Gigantis Radix that were often used in China.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.525-536
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electrical anesthesia induced by non-acupuncture point stimulation on inhibition of amplitude of digastric EMG evoked by noxious electrical stimuli in teeth and gingiva. Experiments were performed with dogs anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium in an initial dose of 30mg/kg. Maintenance doses of 4.0ml/hour were given through a cannula in the femoral vein using a constant infusion pump. Anterior belly of digastric muscle was exposed and a pair of 0.1mm wire electrodes were inserted for E.M.G. recording. Bipolar electrodes were inserted into the labial and lingual surface of upper canine and the labial area of upper gingiva. Noxious stimuli were delivered to the tooth and gingiva through those electrodes by electric stimulator. Non-acupuncture point stimulation of 2Hz was delivered bilaterally to the femoral area. Amplitudes of digastric E.M.G. were measured from the oscilloscope and the monitor connected to amplifier at different intensities of electronic anesthesia of 1 volt, 4 volt and 10 volt. The inhibited rate of the amplitudes of digastric E.M.G. were analysed statistically with paired t-test. The following results were obtained : 1. Non-acupuncture point stimulation with intensities of 1 volt, 4 volt and 10 volt showed the inhibitory effect on pain of 15%, 25% and 16% in teeth and 15%, 18% and 12% in gingiva respectively 2. In tooth, statistical significance was observed between control and each group. In gingiva, there was statistical significance between control and group 1, 2 except group 3 From these results, low frequency electrical stimulation of non-acupuncture point resulted in reducing of dental and gingival pain, it could be used as adjunct to other pain control methods.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.131-144
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to review clinical studies on thread embedding acupuncture (TEA) for the treatment of patients with post-stroke spasticity (PSS) Methods: Clinical studies related to TEA treatment for PSS were searched for in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, OASIS, and CNKI. After the selection/exclusion process, information on study design, disease, experimental/control group, intervention, outcome measurement, between-group differences, and adverse events was extracted. Results: A total of 13 randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The usual frequency of TEA treatment was once every 1-2 weeks, and the treatment most commonly included 4 sessions. In the dorsal area, EX-B2 and the acupoints in governing vessel meridian were commonly used. Acupoints in the meridian of the large intestine were most frequently used in the treatment of upper limb spasticity. Except for HT1, PC6, and PC8, all TEA points for treating PSS of the upper limb were on the Yang meridians. For the lower limb spasticity, the most frequently used acupoints were ST36, GB34, GB30, BL60, and BL57 on Yang meridians, and LR3, SP6, SP9, and SP10 on Yin meridians. TEA treatment showed better effects than conventional treatment for PSS in terms of spasticity, motor dysfunction, and activities of daily livings. Nevertheless, the absence of the follow-up observation, lack of sham TEA treatment, and low quality of the included studies necessitated caution in interpreting the results. Conclusions: The results of this review are expected to provide basic data on the modalities of TEA treatment for PSS and provide insights to facilitate well-designed studies in the future.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of moxibustion theraphy for frozen shoulder through systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods The effect of moxibustion for frozen shoulder was constructed as a key question to search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in 16 databases without type of publication restriction. Results A total of 790 studies were searched and 22 RCTs were finally selected through primary and secondary selection/exclusion process. In most of the evaluation indexes used in each study, moxibustion treatment for shoulder pain was statistically significant compared with other treatments. A meta-analysis of effective rate in 10 studies comparing moxibustion with acupuncture and acupuncture showed a statistically significant effect of moxibustion treatment. And there was a significant effect on the improvement of the shoulder mobility, but the effect size of shoulder pain was no significant effect for shoulder pain reduction. In addition in the result of meta-analysis of 4 studies' effective rate comparing moxibustion with electronic acupuncture, the effect of moxibustion was significantly higher than that of electronic acupuncture in frozen shoulder. Conclusions Moxibustion therapy was effective in symptoms in patients with frozen shoulder. However because of the high risk of bias in the quality of the included studies, the applicability of this study seems to be limited. It is thought that future randomized controlled trials will need to be designed and performed by reviewing ways to minimize bias.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.788-796
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various electroacupuncture duration induced by acupuncture point-Zusanli ($S_{36}$) electrical stimulation on inhibition of amplitude of digastric electromyogram (dEMG) evoked by noxious electrical stimuli around the mental foramen. intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital in an initial dose of 50mg/kg and maintenance doses of 4.5mg/kg/h were given through a cannula in the femoral vein using a constant infusion pump. A pair of stimulating electrodes were inserted for noxious stimuli around the mental foramen. An irritant electronic stimuli pulse (0.2 Hz, 0.1 ms duration) was produced with an intensity of about $1.5{\times}2$ times threshold for evoking the dEMG. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle was exposed and a pair of 0.1mm wire electrodes were inserted for dEMG recording. Acupuncture point stimulation on Zusanli (2 Hz, 250 ${\mu}s$, biphasic pulse, 2 V) was delivered by Dental Electronic Anesthesia (3M, U.S.A). For periods of electronic stimulation of 10, 20, and 30min, the amplitudes of dEMG were measured on the oscilloscope and on the monitor connected to the amplifier. The following results were obtained: The dEMG was decreased to 73.4% of that in the control set after 10 min electroacupunture stimulation (Group I); The dEMG was decreased to 77.1% (10min), 54.0.% (20min) of that in the control set after 20minutes of electroacupunture stimulation (Group II). The dEMG was decreased to 73.3% (10min), 61.9% (20min), 76.2% (30min) of that in the control set after 30 min of electroacupunture stimulation (Group III). From these results, it may be that in the electroacupuncture stimulation on the Zusnali resulted in a reduction of amplitude of dEMG and that the most effective electroacupuncture stimulation period was 20min.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2007년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.170-174
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• 2007

뇌파에 관한 연구는 의학 및 공학 분야에서 많이 활성화 되어 있지만, 침구학에서의 뇌파분석에 과한 연구는 아직 많이 이루어져야 할 부분 중 하나이다. 그러므로 본 연구는 침구요법 중 간접 뜸 자극에 의한 뇌파를 분석하고 자율신경계와의 상관관계를 분석을 하고자 한다. 본 연구의 실험은 간접 쑥 뜸을 인체의 중완, 신궐, 관원의 경혈 점에 자극하고, 자극 전, 자극 중, 자극 후 1시간, 그리고 자극 후 2시간 일 때의 뇌파를 측정한다. 그리고 측정된 데이타는 Matlab 7.0을 이용하여 FFT 및 주파수 파워 스펙트럼을 적용하여 ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$, ${\theta}$파 성분을 자극 단계별로 나누어 주파수 각 성분 비율의 변화, 그리고 진폭의 크기변화량에 대하여 분석 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 결과, EEG 데이터를 FFT를 적용하여 ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$, ${\theta}$파의 비율을 분석한 결과 ${\alpha}$파가 자극 전보다 자극 후 약 2배 정도 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 전체의 파워스펙트럼 분석에서 ${\alpha}$파, ${\beta}$파의 에너지가 전체적으로 감소하므로 부교감신경이 활성화됨을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구와 기존 연구의 결과를 비교해 보면, 간접 뜸 자극은 자율신경계의 변화에 영향을 줄 수 있으며 ${\alpha}$파의 비율적 증가로 긴장 상태나 스트레스 상태의 사람에게 안정을 가져다 줄 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2005

국내외 학술지중 배뇨장애에 대한 침치료의 연구 동향을 문헌고찰 연구, 생리적 기전 연구, 임상효과 연구로 나누어 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 23 편의 논문 중 review study가 3편, experimental study 6편, clinical study가 14 편이었다. 다양한 Journal에 발표되고 있었는데, review study는 모두 국내 학술지에 게재 된 논문이었고, 2000년 이후로 점차 연구의 양과 관심이 증대되고 있는 추세였다. 2. 배뇨장애는 하부요로증상의 다양한 증상을 포괄하는 것으로 한의학적인 측면에서는 융폐, 소편부금(小便不禁), 빈요(頻尿), 급박요(急迫尿), 요실금(尿失禁), 림증(淋證), 야뇨(夜尿), 난요(難尿), 점적요(點滴尿), 지연요(遲延尿)등에 해당하는데, 그 대부분의 유발 원인은 신기부족(腎氣不足)등의 하초허한(下焦虛寒)에 기인하는 것으로 판단되며, 간기울결(肝氣鬱結)등의 정서적 자극과 습열(濕熱) 및 어혈(瘀血)등의 원인에 의해서도 발생할 수 있다. 3. 배뇨장애에 대한 침구치료의 생리적 기전을 대략적으로 요약한다면 침자극에 의해 부교감 신경, 대뇌의 수면-각성 체계, 뇌교 및 척추 배뇨 센타, 음부신경/골반신경을 통해 방광에 영향을 주어 방광용량의 확장 또는 배뇨 수축의 억제작용을 하는 한편, 척추 환상 회로 나 신경연접부의 지속성 흥분을 통하여 요도주의 근육에 영향을 주는 것으로 생각되어 진다. 4. 배뇨장애에 대한 침구치료의 임상효과를 요약 한다면, 융폐, 소편부통(小便不通)에 속하는 신경인성 방광(Neurogenic Bladder), 소편부금(小便不禁), 빈요(頻尿), 급박뇨(急迫尿)에 해당하는 요실금(尿失禁)(Incontinence), 림증(淋證)에 해당하는 방광염(Cycitis), 액요(液尿) (Nocturnal Enuresis), 잡요(雜尿), 점적요(點滴尿), 지연요(遲延尿)에 해당하는 전립선염/골반통 증후군 (Prostatitis/Pelvic Pain Syndrom)등의 하부 요로증상에 침구치료는 유의미한 효과가 있다. 이상으로 국내 및 해외 연구는 최근들어 더욱 활발히 연구되고 있는데, 특히 해외연구는 배뇨 장애의 침구치료의 생리적 기전 분야에서 다양 하게 시도되고 있었다. 향후 고령화 사회로 진입 하는등 사회여건상 이와같은 다양한 배뇨장애 환자의 증가는 물론 치료욕구의 증대가 예상되는 바 이러한 생리적 치료기전의 연구 및 다양한 질환에 대한 임상연구를 시도함으로써 표준적인 치료기술의 개발이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.187-195
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is evaluating the effect of Poria cocos pharmacopuncture (PCP) at $SP_6$(Sameumgyo) and $ST_{36}$(Joksamni) on chronic stress model(CSM) rats. Methods : The experimental rats were assigned to five groups: normal, CSM(control), PCP1X, PCP2.5X and PCP5X. The experimental rats in CSM(control), PCP1X, PCP2.5X and PCP5X were put through a timetable to cause CSM. PCP($20{\mu}l$) was administered at $SP_6$, $ST_{36}$ to groups PCP1X, PCP2.5X and PCP5X once every three days for a total of six times. The weight of the rats was measured by an electronic scale after PCP injection, once every three days for a total of six times. Blood samples were taken from the rats for analysis of aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT). Serotonin and norepinephrine were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit. Results : The experimental groups(PCP1X, 2.5X, 5X) showed significant body weight increase compared to the control group. Regarding AST and ALT changes in serum, the experimental groups(PCP2.5X, 5X) showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. For Serotonin changes in serum, the experimental group(PCP5X) showed a significant increase compared to the control group. For Norepinephrine changes in serum, the experimental groups(PCP2.5X) showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Conclusions : These data suggest that PCP at $SP_6$, $ST_{36}$ has therapeutic effects on CSM rats.