• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2001

본 논문은 솔잎혹파리 피해임지에서 수목의 외형적인자(수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경, 지하고)와 shigometer를 이용한 전기 저항치 ($k{\Omega}$)의 관계를 조사하였다. 외형적인자와 저항치간의 관계는 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경은 높은 상관관계가 있었고, 지하고는 뚜렷한 관계가 나타나지 않았다. 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경은 큰 수목이 전기저항치가 낮았고(수목의 활력이 높음) 작은 수목이 전기저항치가 높았다(수목의 활력이 낮음). 솔잎혹파리 피해임지의 고사목과 생존목을 비교하면 고사목이 생존목에 비하여 수관폭과 흉고직경의 크기는 작았고, 지하고는 높았다. 전기저항치를 3등급으로 구분 한 결과(< $14{\Omega}$, 생존가능성 양호, $14{\sim}20{\Omega}$, > $20k{\Omega}$고사 가능성 있음), 외형적인자의 크기는 낮은등급(< $14{\Omega}$)에서 수고, 수관폭, 흉고직경이 컸으며, 지하고는 낮았다. 조사한 외형적인자와 수세와의 관계를 직선회귀 방정식으로 산출한 결과 Y=-0.572${\times}$수고-1.163${\times}$수관폭-0.242${\times}$흉고직경+0.757${\times}$지하고+25.765이였으며 이들의 회귀식은 5%의 수준에서 유의성이 인정된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2000

솔잎혹파리 피해임지의 특성에 따른 수세변동을 구명하였다. 솔잎혹파리 피해도("심", "중", "경")별로 구분하여 수세를 조사한 결과 피해가 심한 지역의 수목은 수세가 현저하게 약화되었으며, 수목의 임분밀도("밀", "중", "소")별로 구분한 경우는 피해도와 관계없이 임분밀도가 낮은 임분에서 수목의 수세가 강하게 나타났다. 수목의 외형적 인자중 수관폭과, 흉고직경이 작은 개체에 비하여 큰 개체의 수세가 모든 임분에서 강하게 나타났다. 각 임분에서 전기저항치와 수관면적과의 관계는 피해도 "심" 임분에서는 수관면적이 $13.4m^2$ "중" 임분에서는 $10.9m^2$, "경" 임분에서는 $7.9m^2$로 피해가 심할수록 수관면적이 넓어야 임목이 생존할 가능성이 높은 전기저항치($15k{\Omega}$ 이하)가 나타나는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.434-439
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• 2010

This study fabricated a simulation facility which reduced the structure of a current distribution line to 50:1 in order to analyze the induced lightning shielding effect of a 22.9kV-Y distribution line according to ground resistance capacity, grounding locations, etc. When installing an overhead ground wire, the standard for grounding a distribution line with a current of 22.9kV-Y requires that ground resistance in common use with the neutral line be maintained less than $50\Omega$every 200m span. The reduced line for simulation had 7 electric poles and induced lightning was applied to the ground plane 2m apart from the line in a direction perpendicular to it using an impulse generator. If induced voltage occurred in the line and induced current flowed through the line due to the applied current, the induced voltage and current of the 'A' phase were measured respectively using an oscilloscope. When all 7 electric poles were grounded with a ground resistance of less than $50\Omega$ respectively, the combined resistance of the line was $7.4\Omega$. When an average current of 230A was applied, the average induced voltage and current measured were 1,052V and 13.8A, respectively. Under the same conditions, when the number of grounding locations was reduced, the combined resistance as well as induced voltage and current showed a tendency to increase. When all 7 electric poles were grounded with a ground resistance of less than $100\Omega$, the combined resistance of the line was $14.9\Omega$. When an average current of 236A was applied, the average induced voltage and current of the 'A' phase calculated were 1,068V and 15.6A, respectively. That is, in this case, only the combined resistance was greater than when all 7 electrical poles were grounded, and the induced voltage and current were reduced. Therefore, it is thought that even though ground resistance is slightly higher under a construction environment with the same conditions, it is advantageous to ground all electric poles to ensure system safety.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 2000년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.X
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• pp.268-271
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• 2000

We simulated the current limiting characteristics of a resistive SFCL with 16 ${\Omega}$ of resistance for a single line-to-ground fault in the 22.9 kV system. The transient current during the fault increased up to 6.33 kA, 5.80 kA and 3.71 kA without SFCL at the fault angles of 0${\circ}$,45${\circ}$ and 90${\circ}$, respectively. An resistive SFCL limited the fault current to 2.27 kA in a half cycle. The quench resistance of 16 ${\Omega}$ was suggested to be appropriate to limit the fault current in the 22.9 kV distribution system.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2013

For the conventional power metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) device structure, there exists a tradeoff relationship between specific on-resistance ($R_{ON.SP}$) and breakdown voltage ($V_{BR}$). In order to overcome the tradeoff relationship, a uniform super-junction (SJ) trench metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (TMOSFET) structure is studied and designed. The structure modeling considering doping concentrations is performed, and the distributions at breakdown voltages and the electric fields in a SJ TMOSFET are analyzed. The simulations are successfully optimized by the using of the SILVACO TCAD 2D device simulator, Atlas. In this paper, the specific on-resistance of the SJ TMOSFET is successfully obtained 0.96 $m{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$, which is of lesser value than the required one of 1.2 $m{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ at the class of 100 V and 100 A for BLDC motor.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.101-104
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• 2008

The electrical properties and microstructure of nitrogen-doped poly 3C-SiC films were studied according to different thickness. Poly 3C-SiC films were deposited by LPCVD(low pressure chemical vapor deposition) at $900^{\circ}C$ and 4 Torr using $SiH_2Cl_2$ (100 %, 35 sccm) and $C_2H_2$ (5 % in $H_2$, 180 sccm) as the Si and C precursors, and $NH_3$ (5 % in $H_2$, 64 sccm) as the dopant source gas. The resistivity of the 3C-SiC films with $1,530{\AA}$ of thickness was $32.7{\Omega}-cm$ and decreased to $0.0129{\Omega}-cm$ at $16,963{\AA}$. In XRD spectra, 3C-SiC is so highly oriented along the (1 1 1) plane at $2{\theta}=35.7^{\circ}$ that other peaks corresponding to SiC orientations are not presented. The measurement of resistance variations according to different thickness were carried out in the $25^{\circ}C$ to $350^{\circ}C$ temperature range. While the size of resistance variation decreases with increasing the films thickness, the linearity of resistance variation improved.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.445-449
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 실제 가동 장치에 연결된 전기집진장치의 제거효율을 향상시키기 위하여 주입되는 트리에틸아민 주입 조건에 대한 실제 장치의 효능을 평가하는 것이다. 국내 발전소에서는 주로 호주, 중국, 남아프리카 및 미국에서 수입되는 비스무스 석탄을 이용하는데 비록 이러한 수입 석탄의 종류에 따라 발생되는 비산재의 전기저항도값이 다소 차이가 있지만, 석탄 연소시 배출되는 비산재의 대표적인 전기저항도값은 $1{\times}10^{12}\;{\Omega}-cm$ 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이 때문에 국내 대부분의 적기집진기 가동시 백 코로나 문제가 빈번하게 나타난 것으로 확인되었다. 전기집진장치 출구에서 직접 측정된 분진의 농도, 매연도 및 분진의 전기저항도와 집진효율을 동시에 확인한 결과에 따르면, 트리메틸아민의 주입이 전기집진장치의 집진효율을 상당량 증가시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 트리에틸아민 주입 전에 비산재의 전기저항도값이 $1.9{\times}10^{12}\;{\Omega}-cm$이던 것이 15 ppm(순도 99.7%) 주입시 비산재의 전기저항도값이 $2.1{\times}10^{11}\;{\Omega}-cm$으로 감소하였다. 이러한 조건에서 연돌에서 배출되는 분진의 배출량은 대략 80% 정도 감소율을 나타내며 농도 대비 $70\;mg/Sm^3$ to $14\;mg/Sm^3$수준이었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2014

Fretting corrosion tests are conducted with a constant displacement amplitude using silver-plated brass coupons to investigate the effect of contact pressure on fretting corrosion. Three behaviors are identified based on the change in electric resistance and friction coefficient during the fretting test period, and the identified behaviors are dependent on the magnitude of the applied load. The failure cycle ($N_f$) with an electric resistance of 0.1 D cannot be achieved due to the adhesion behavior of the metal and metal contact under the higher applied load of 0.45 N. This suggests that an average contact pressure higher than 159 MPa for the silver-coated connector is desirable to gain an almost infinite lifetime. The relationship between the electric contact resistance (R) and the average contact pressure (p) can be written as $p=106.2{\times}{\Omega}^{-1.5}$.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

The occurrence of the ventricular fibrillation is directly dependent on the magnitude and duration of the current. The current which flows through the human body is proportional to the touch voltage applied across the body and is in inverse proportion to the impedances in the circuit. The circuit impedances consist of human body impedance, line impedance, equipment impedance, earth terminal impedance and impedance of shoes which a person put on. The impedance of shoes greatly affect the severity of the electric accidents. The human body impedances relevant to the contact areas, contact conditions, current paths and touch voltages are already determined in the IEC 60479-1. However, the impedance of shoes is ignored or substituted by a simple value because of the absence of the sufficient data. For example, the impedance of shoes plus ground contact resistance is postulated to be $1,000{\Omega}$ in the IEC 61200-612. In IEEE 80, the shoe resistance plus ground contact resistance is assumed to be bare foot with ${\rho}/4b{\Omega}$. In this paper, we measured and analyzed the impedance of shoes with respect to conditions such as applied weight, environment variables and voltages. The results showed that the impedance of shoes is dependent on environment variables regardless of the types of shoes. Most of shoes showed the correlation with the applied force, whereas a few shoes showed characteristics related to the applied voltage. In terms of severity of electric shock, one thirds of test samples indicated to be dangerous in saltwater conditions.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.367-370
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• 2004

We fabricated PLT(5) thin film on $Pt/TiO_x/SiO_2/Si$ substrate by using sol-gel method and investigated leakage current, switching and retention properties. The leakage current density of PLT(5) thin film was $3.56{\times}10^{-7}A/cm^2$ at 4V. In the examination of switching properties, pulse voltage and load resistance were $2V{\~}5V$ and $50{\Omega}{\~}3.3k{\Omega}$, respectively. Switching time had a tendency to decrease from 520ns to 140ns with the increase of pulse voltage, and also the time was increased from 140ns to $13.7{\mu}s$ with the increase of load resistance. The activation energy obtained from the relation of applied pulse voltage and switching time was about 143kV/cm. The error of switched charge density between hysteresis loop and experiment of polarization switching was about $10\%$. Also, polarization in retention was decreased as much as about $8\%$ after $10^5$s.