• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.1725-1728
• /
• 2004

An experiment was conducted to investigate the efficiency of transfer of dietary iron sources to eggs of laying hens. Eighty ISA-Brown laying birds of 30 wk old were housed in 40 cages of 2 birds each. Eight birds in four cages were assigned to one of the following ten treatments: T1; control, T2; 100 ppm iron supplementation with iron-methionine chelate (Fe-Met-100), T3; Fe-Met- 200, T4; Fe-Met-300, T5; 100 ppm iron supplementation with iron sulfate ($FeSO_4$-100), T6; $FeSO_4$-200, T7; $FeSO_4$-300, T8; 100 ppm iron supplementation with Availa-$Fe^{(R)}$ (Availa-Fe-100), T9; Availa-Fe-200 and T10; Availa-Fe-300. Results of 40 d feeding trial showed that there were no consistent responses in laying performance by source and level of iron supplementation. However, eggshell strength and color were improved by Fe supplementation. Egg iron content was maximized at 10-15 days after feeding supplemental Fe. Fe- Met was the most effective source in enriching Fe of eggs followed by Availa-Fe and $FeSO_4$. Increasing supplementary Fe level more than 100 ppm was not effective in Fe-Met and Availa-Fe treatments. Average Fe enrichment of 18% was achieved after feeding Fe-Met-100 for 15 d. In conclusion, enrichment of Fe in egg could be effectively achieved by supplementation of Fe-Met-100 for 15 d.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 1994

난좌(卵座)의 구면(球面)과 난각(卵殼)의 구면(球面)이 계란(鷄卵)의 파각도(破殼度)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코져 실험(實驗)을 실시(實施)하였던바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었기에 보고(報告)하는 바이다. 1. 9개 국가(國家)(미국, 프랑스, 이태리, 태국, 일본, 네델란드, 러시아, 한국, 스위스)에서 수집(蒐集)한 22종의 난좌형태(卵座形態)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 우리 나라의 난좌(卵座)를 제외(除外)한 8개 국가(國家)의 난좌(卵座)는 그 세부(細部) 형태(形態)가 모두 상이(相異)하였다. 2. 4개의 모형난좌(模型卵座)에서 파각도(破殼度)를 측정(測定)한 결과(結果) B형, D형이 가장 파격도(破格度)가 높은 결과(結果)였다. 앞으로 난좌(卵座)를 제조(製造)할시 계란(鷄卵)의 구면(球面)과 난좌(卵座)의 구면(球面)이 서로 알맞아 파각도(破殼度)를 높일 수 있는 본(本) 시험(試驗)의 B형과 D형으로 제조(製造)하는 것이 가장 바람직할 것으로 사료되었다. 난좌가 견고하다고 해서 파각도가 높아지는 것은 아니었다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)에 공시(供試)한 전체(全體) 계란(鷄卵)의 난각(卵殼) 두께 성적의 통계 처리 결과 유의성이 없었다(P>0.05). 3. 난좌(卵座)에 포장(包裝)되어 계란(鷄卵)이 수송(輸送)될 때, 그 계란(鷄卵)의 구면(球面)에 따라 난좌(卵座)의 형(型)이 얼마나 넓은 면적(面積)으로 감쌀 수 있느냐가 파각도(破殼度)를 좌우(左右)하는 중요(重要)한 관건(關鍵)임을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 난좌(卵座) 제조시(製造時) 상단부(上段部) 난중(卵重)이 하단부(下段部) 난좌(卵座) 내부(內部)의 계란(鷄卵)에 미치는 하중(荷重)을 고려해서 난좌(卵座)의 내부구면(內部球面)과 계란(鷄卵)의 외내부구면(外內部球面)이 알맞을 수 있도록 만들어야 할 것으로 사료(思料)되었다. 4. 현재(現在) 우리나라에서 실시(實施)하고 있는 것처럼 1개의 난좌형(卵座型)으로 대란(大卵), 중란(中卵) 및 소란(小卵)을 공통(共通)으로 사용(使用)하는 것보다는 난중(卵重)에 따른 적정(適正) 난좌(卵座)가 개발(開發)되어 사용(使用) 될 수 있는 방안(方案)도 강구(講究)되어야 할 것으로 사료(思料)되었다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.39-44
• /
• 1997

Two experiments were carried out to determine the effects of pelleting layer diets on the laying perforrnance and nutrients utilizability, using either 50-wk-old(Experiment 1) or 80-wk-old (Experiment 2) layers. There was no effect of pelleting layer diets on hen-day egg production and average egg weight but decreased (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio(intake /egg weight) in both experiments. Although both egg specific gravity and eggshell thickness were not influenced by pelleting eggshell breaking strength was improved(P<0.05) only in Experiment 1. Utilizability of dietary fat was improved(P<0.05) by pelleting layer diets with no difference in other nutrients utilizability. There was no difference in the passage rate of mash and pelleted layer diets.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가금학회 2000년도 제17차 정기총회 및 학술발표
• /
• pp.70-72
• /
• 2000

The Effects of Dietary Supplemental Charcoal Extract (CE) were examined on performance of 19-week-old ISA Brown hens for 12weeks. Four hundred and fifty were randolmy assigned to 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1% dietary CE, respectively with five replicates of 18 hens per pen. Basal diets contained 17.5% CP and 2,800 ME. Egg production egg weight, feed conversion(FC), and egg qualities were measured in every four weeks. Egg production and FC was slightly improved in 0.05% supplemental CE group compared to that of other treatments, but was not signhificant different. Average egg weight was significantly higher in 0.025% and 0.1% than other treatments(P<0.05). Total egg mass tended to be higher in 0.05% supplementation. Daily feed intake increased in 0.1% supplementation than the others, but was not statistically different. Eggshell breaking strength and Haugh unit were tended to be higher in 0.05% supplementation. There were no significant difference in eggshell thickness and yolk color of all treatments.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 방선균 목 노카르디아 종 CS682 균주의 발효물 CS682와 이를 바탕으로 한 제품 DSC682$^{(R)}$를 산란계에게 급여 시 산란 생산성, 난품질, 혈액 성상, 소장 내 미생물, 면역성에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 실험은 Hy-Line Brown$^{(R)}$ 갈색 산란계로 실시하였는데, 실험 1은 86주령, 실험 2는 26주령의 실험계를 2단 4열 2수 케이지에 수용하여 실시하였다. 실험 1은 대조구, 항생제구(avilamycin 6 ppm), CS 682-0.1(CS682 0.1%), CS682-1.0(CS682 1.0% 첨가) 등 4 처리였으며, 5반복, 반복당 24수(12케이지), 총 480수로 실시하였고, 실험2는대조구, 항생제구(avilamycin 6 ppm), DCS682-0.05(DCS682$^{(R)}$ 0.05%), DSC682-0.1(DCS682$^{(R)}$ 0.1%), 그리고 DCS682-0.2(DCS682$^{(R)}$ 0.2% 첨가) 등 5처리였으며 5반복, 반복당 40수(20케이지), 총 1,000수로 실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 산란율, 난중, 연 파란율, 사료 섭취량, 사료 전환율 등 산란 생산성에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 난품질에서 난각 강도는 항생제구와 CSC682 처리구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, 난황색은 CSC682-1.0 처리구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았다. 실험 2에서는 산란 생산성에서 사료 섭취량이 DCS682-0.05구가 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. 난각색에서 Hunter Lab color L(Lightness) 즉 밝기가 항생제구와 DCS682 처리구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 낮았다. 난황색은 DCS682-0.1~0.2구들이 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, Haugh unit은 항생제구와 DCS682-0.1구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았다. 실험 1과 2에서 혈장 면역글로부린(IgG, IgA) 및 난황 면역그로부린(IgY)의 함량은 처리구간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 실험1에서 erythrocytes 중 평균 적혈구 용적(MCV)은 대조구가 유의적(p<0.05)으로 높았으며, 평균 적혈구 혈색소량(MCH)은 항생제구가 유의적으로 높았다. 실험 2에서는 leukocytes 중 단핵구(MO)에서 대조구와 DCS682-0.05구가 유의적으로(p<0.05 또는 0.01) 높았다. 실험 1에서 C. perfringens수는 항생제구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하였다. S. typhimurium수는 유의적으로(p<0.05) 차이가 있었는데 항생제구가 가장 낮았고 다음으로 CS682 처리구들이었으며 대조구에서 가장 높았다. Universal bacteria, Lactobacillus 그리고 E. coli의 수는 처리간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 실험 2에서는 Lactobacillus 수가 DCS682-0.05와 DCS682-0.1구들에서 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았고 다음으로 대조구와 DCS682-0.2 첨가구였으며 항생제구가 가장 낮았다. C. perfringens 수는 항생제구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적(p<0.05)으로 감소하였다. S. Typhimurium은 처리간에 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이가 있었는데 항생제구가 가장 낮았고 다음으로 DCS682-0.2이었으며, DCS682-0.05와 0.1구들은 대조구보다는 낮았으나 유의한(p<0.05) 차이는 없었다. 결론적으로 CS682 0.1% 또는 DCS682 0.1~0.2% 첨가는 난각 강도, 난황색, 난각색, Haugh unit를 개선시키고, 소장 내유해 미생물을 억제하는 긍정적인 효과를 보였다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 1996

산란계에 대한 오전사료와 오후사료의 별도 급여가 계란의 난각질에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 난각질 조사항목 상호간의 관계를 조사하기 위해 ISA Brown 갈색산란계 480수를 공시하여 32~36주령과 52~56주령 및 72~76주령에 각각 4주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 각 산란기별로 처리당 60개씩 모두 1,080개의 계란을 수집하여 난각질을 조사하고 난각질 조사항목 상호간의 관계를 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 계란의 비중, 난각 강도, 난각 후도 및 난각 비율등은 모두 오전사료 와 오후사료를 별도급여한 시험구들(T$_1$-T$_{5}$)이 대조구(C)에 비해 향상되었으며(P<0.05), 오후사료의 Ca 수준이 증가할수록 향상되는 경향이었다(P<0.05). 2. 난각질 조사항목간의 상관계수(r)는 0.79~0.90 으로 모두 고도의 유의적인 상관관계가 있었다(P<0.01). 3. 난각질 조사방법간의 관계를 조사하기 위해 단순회귀방정식과 다중회귀방정식을 구하였다.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.485-492
• /
• 2018

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of feeding a diet supplemented with swine hair protein (SHP) on the nutrient digestibility of Korean native chickens and their egg production as well as on egg quality. In experiment 1, twenty roosters of the Hanhyup-3 strain were assigned to an individual cage to give 10 replicates per treatment (i.e., 0 and 10% of SHP), and the nutrient digestibility in response to the SHP supplementation was measured. In experiment 2, fifty-four layers of the Hy-Line strain were assigned to an individual cage to give 27 replicates per treatment (i.e., 0 and 10% of SHP), and egg production and egg quality were measured. In experiment 1, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found in the digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), and crude fiber in response to the diet supplemented with SHP. In experiment 2, although no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found with the dietary treatments, the 10% SHP supplemented diet decreased (p < 0.05) the feed intake of laying hens. However, the SHP supplemented diet did not affect (p > 0.05) the laying rate, egg weight and feed conversion ratio of those fed the diet. Eggshell thickness and yolk color decreased (p < 0.05); however, eggshell strength, eggshell color, albumen height and Haugh units increased (p < 0.05) by feeding layers a diet supplemented with SHP. In conclusion, the results suggest that 10% SHP supplemented in a poultry diet could be a useful protein source.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제31권10호
• /
• pp.1654-1659
• /
• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented and non-fermented brown algae by-products on the laying performance, egg quality, relative organ weight, and blood profile of laying hens. Methods: Hy-Line Brown chickens (n = 180; 70-week-old) were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates per group (3 hens per cage, 4 cages per replicate), and fed with 5 experimental diets, namely the basal control diet (CON) or the control diet supplemented with 0.5% brown seaweed (BS), 0.5% seaweed fusiforme (SF), 0.5% fermented brown seaweed (FBS), or 0.5% fermented seaweed fusiforme (FSF), for 4 weeks. Results: Egg production rate and egg mass were greater in the BS group than in the other groups (p<0.05), and the SF and FSF groups had greater egg production than the control group (p<0.05). Egg weight was higher in the BS group than in the other groups (p<0.05). There were no differences in eggshell color, egg yolk color, eggshell strength, or eggshell thickness among the groups. There was no difference in Haugh units among the treatment groups, except for the FSF group, which had a significantly lower value (p<0.05). The non-fermented groups had greater relative organ weights, particularly the liver and cecum, than the other groups (p<0.05). Regarding blood profile, the supplemented-diet groups had higher albumin levels than the control group (p<0.05). The FBS group had higher total cholesterol and triglyceride levels than the other groups (p<0.05). The BS and FBS groups had higher glutamic pyruvic transaminase levels than the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that dietary brown algae supplementation can improve egg-laying performance; however, supplementation with fermented seaweeds had no positive effect on the egg-laying performance of hens.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.404-408
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the effects of laying productivity and egg quality according to providing germinated and fermented soybean (GFS) as feed additive. Among the strain, we selected Monascus purpureus KCCM 12002 so that inoculated in soybean and fermented for 48 h at $20^{\circ}C$. A total of two-hundred forty 70-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers were divided into four groups (4 treatment${\times}$6 replication${\times}$10 birds each) and fed diets containing 0 (as control) (T1), 0.5% (T2), 1.0% (T3) or 2.0% GFS (T4) for 6 wk. The laying productivity, egg quality and blood property in the egg yolk were experimented. There were no significant differences in the laying productivity, relative liver and spleen weights, egg yolk color and eggshell strength among another groups. The eggshell color, eggshell thickness and haugh unit significantly increased in the GFS-supplemented group (p<0.05) compared to control. However, no significant differences were observed in the blood property after supplementation. The amount of lactic acid bacteria present during storage increased by providing of GFS (p<0.05) compare to control group. Our study results suggested that GFS can be used as a favorable feed additive and feedstuff for the productivity of high quality eggs and promoted relative industry.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제34권3_spc호
• /
• pp.371-384
• /
• 2021

Objective: Wheat bran (WB) was co-fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and phytase (Phy) to determine whether co-fermentation improve WB phosphorus and fiber utilization in Isa-brown layers. Methods: A total of 112 Isa brown layer were randomly divided into 7 treatments with 8 replicates per a treatment and 2 hens per a replicate. The treatments included basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with 250 unit/kg Phy (control+Phy), diet with 10% WB (10% WB), diet with 5% WB and 250 unit/kg Phy (5% WB+Phy) diet with 10% WB and 250 unit/kg Phy (10% WB+Phy), diet with 5% fermented WB supplemented with molasses and phy (PCFWH) and 125 unit/kg Phy (5% PCFWH), and diet with 10% PCFWH (10% PCFWH). The intestinal microbial population, intestinal morphology, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and excreta phosphorus content were assessed. Results: In PCFWH, spore counts, protease activity, xylanase activity, and ferulic acid were 8.50 log/g dry matter (DM), 190 unit/g DM, 120 unit/g DM, and 127 ㎍/g, respectively. Xylobiose and xylotriose were released in PCFWH, while they were not detectable in WB. Antioxidant capacity was also enhanced in PCFWH compared to WB. The 10% WB+Phy and 10% PCFWH groups produced higher egg mass, but hens fed 5% WB+Phy had the lowest amount of feed intake. Eggs from 10% PCFWH had better eggshell weight, eggshell strength, and eggshell thickness. Birds fed with 10% PCFWH also had higher serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Compare to control, 10% PCFWH significantly reduced excreta phosphorus content. Conclusion: Diet inclusion of 10% PCFWH improved egg quality, antioxidant status, and excreta phosphorus content of laying hens.