• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1305-1309
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• 2009

This study evaluated the effects of $\gamma$-irradiation on immunomodulating properties and structural changes of ${\beta}$-glucan. ${\beta}$-Glucan solutions (10 mg/mL) were ${\gamma}$-irradiated at 10, 30, and 50 kGy. Splenocyte proliferation and cytokine (interferon-${\gamma}$ and interlukin-2) productions by ${\gamma}$-irradiated ${\beta}$-glucan were evaluated in in vivo and in vitro, and structural changes of ${\beta}$-glucan were also determined after ${\gamma}$-irradiation. ${\gamma}$-Irradiation on ${\beta}$-glucan at 50 kGy enhanced splenocyte proliferation and cytokine productions, (p<0.05) and cleft glycosidic bonds of ${\beta}$-glucan resulting in lower the molecular weight. These results indicate that the use of ${\gamma}$-irradiation on ${\beta}$-glucan may be useful for improving its immunological activity by lowering the molecular weight of ${\beta}$-glucan.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects simulation-based education combined team-based learning (SBE combined TBL) compared to simulation-based education (SBE) on undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A non-equivalent control group design with pre-and posttest measures was used. The participants in the study were 181 students. The SBE combined TBL group consisted of 84 senior students in 2013, and the SBE group consisted of 97 seniors in 2014. Collected data were analyzed using chi-square, independent t-test and ANCOVA with the statistical package SPSS 22.0 for Windows. Results: There was a significant improvement in communication skills, nursing performance confidence, team efficacy, and team performance scores in the SBE combined TBL group compared to the SBE group (t=2.45, p=.015; F=4.30, p=.040; t=3.06, p=.003; t=8.77, p<.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in self-directed learning between the groups. Conclusion: SBE combined TBL compared to SBE is an effective teaching and learning method to enhance various positive educational outcomes for nursing students. Therefore, we suggest that future studies investigate the development of an integrated course in which team-based learning is applied to theoretical sessions and simulation-based training.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.197-216
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• 2002

Cooperativeness within an organization can be conceptualized as the degree of members' willingness to work with others. The simulation study investigates the relationships of cooperativeness with team performance at different levels of information redundancy by using a multi-agents model called Team-Soar. The model consists of a group of four individual Al agents situated in a network, which models a naval command and control team consisting of four members. The study used a $9{\times}3$ design in which agent cooperativeness was manipulated at nine levels by gradually replacing selfish team members with increasing numbers of neutral and cooperative members, while information redundancy was controlled at three different levels(i.e., low, medium, and high). Results of the Team-Soar simulation show that cooperation has positive impacts on team performance. Further, the results reveal that the impact of agent cooperativeness on team performance depends on the amount of information needed to be processed during the decision making process.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.217-233
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• 2017

This study expects that Team Based Project Learning can act positive role to improve pre-service elementary teachers' teaching competence from previous studies. So designing and executing Team Based Project Learning program, I can provide some suggestions to the teaching method for teacher training education. In this study, Team Based Project Learning focuses on the use of history of mathematics in school mathematics. Also from organizing the team to evaluation, I conduct team activity systematically both inside and outside the classroom. The result of this study shows that pre-service elementary teachers' teaching competence has improved and I could identify the positive response about the value of using the history of mathematics and effect of Team Based Project Learning in mathematics learning.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.243-257
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• 2021

본 연구는 팀 리더의 퍼실리테이션 역량과 팀 효과성의 관계에서 공유리더십의 매개효과를 검증하고자 했고, 이를 위해 팀제를 운영하는 조직의 구성원 377명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 26.0을 이용해 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 팀 리더의 퍼실리테이션 역량의 하위요인인 커뮤니케이션 및 참여 분위기 조성은 팀 효과성(팀 성과, 팀 몰입)에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 과업 및 조직화는 팀 몰입에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 팀 리더의 퍼실리테이션 역량의 커뮤니케이션 및 참여 분위기 조성, 과업 및 조직화 모두 공유 리더십에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 공유리더십은 팀 효과성(팀 성과, 팀 몰입)에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 마지막으로 공유리더십은 팀 리더의 퍼실리테이션 역량과 팀 효과성의 관계에서 부분매개효과가 있음이 확인됐다. 본 연구는 팀 리더의 퍼실리테이션 역량과 다른 변인들 간의 관계를 규명함으로써 퍼실리테이션 연구를 이론적으로 확장하고, 현대 조직에서 요구하는 리더와 구성원의 역할과 역량에 대한 방향을 제안하여 실무적 시사점을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2000

Continuous casting equipment was designed to cast the metallic uranium rods, and a thermal analysis was carried out to calculate the temperature and solidification profiles. Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis model including the effects of phase change was used to simulate the continuous casting process by finite volume method. In the design of continuous casting equipment, the casting speed, pouring temperature and cooling conditions should be considered as significant factors. In this study, the effects of casting speed, pouring temperature, and air gap between the uranium and mold were investigate. The results represented that the temperature and solidification profiles of continuous casting equipment varied with the casting speed, pouring temperature, and air gap.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2024

The capstone design classes in the College of Engineering are often team project-oriented, and teamwork skills are reported to positively impact problem-solving abilities. While team project courses have various advantages, they also come with challenges such as social loafing and issues related to free riders, which consistently hinder the positive effects of team project courses. To prevent these issues, there is a need to provide a clear evaluation-reward system for team members' contributions. In this study, we examined the reliability of peer evaluation scores for team members' contributions and reviewed methods to incorporate them into team project grades. The review results indicated that peer evaluation scores are deemed to have considerable reliability from a qualitative perspective. However, due to the relatively small team size in team project courses (3 to 6 members per team), using the arithmetic mean of peer evaluation scores is statistically challenging. As a complementary approach, this study proposes limiting the reflection ratio of peer evaluation scores and applying a more macroscopic processing method, not the arithmetic mean, to incorporate peer evaluation scores for team contributions into grades.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회 요지
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• pp.130-131
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• 2003

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.541-552
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• 2012

이 연구는 온라인 학습커뮤니티 보조의 팀 학습(Online-Community Assisted Team Learning: OCATL)이 대학생의 '학업성취도'와 '공유된 정신모형(Shared Mental Model: SMM)'에 미치는 효과를 검증해내는데 있다. 각기 다른 지역에 소재하는 대학교의 대학생을 대상으로 2학기 동안 두 개의 연구가 실시되었다. 우선, 연구1에서는 OCATL을 실시하고 대학생의 학업성취도에 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 133명(남학생 80명, 여학생 53명)의 참가 대학생들의 OCATL 참여 전 후 학점에서의 평점평균(GPA)를 사용하여 비교하였다. OCATL 활동에는 '오리엔테이션', '협동학습 세미나', '온라인 학습커뮤니티 보조의 학기별 16시간 이상의 팀 학습', '최종보고서 제출'의 과정이 포함되었다. OCATL 활동 전후의 학점에서의 점수변화를 t검증을 통해 비교한 결과 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). 또한, 연구2에서는 OCATL을 실험집단(10팀)에 제공하고 통제집단(15팀)에는 온라인 학습 커뮤니티 보조를 제외한 팀학습을 하도록 하여 활동이 종료된 후에 SMM에서의 척도 점수를 비교하였다. 실험집단과 통제집단의 총 학생수는 74명이었다. SMM 측정은 Johnson(2011)이 개발한 SMM 척도의 단축문항지를 사용하였다. 분석결과, 팀 학습 이후 측정한 SMM 점수에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 다변인분산분석(MANOVA) 결과, 온라인 학습 커뮤니티 환경을 지원된 팀학습 실험집단과 통제집단 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 SMM의 하위 구성변인을 종속변인으로 하고 집단을 독립변인으로 한 단변랑 분산분석(ANOVA) 결과, '일반과제와 팀지식', '일반과제와 의사소통기술', '팀원과 과제에 대한 태도', '팀역동과 상호작용', '팀 자원과 활동환경', '팀만족도' 점수에서 실험처치 후 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다($p$ <.05).

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.154-154
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• 2003

The primary routes of drug administration include oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intravenous dosing for toxicological risk assessment purpose in dog. There has been an increase applying transdermal patches as an alternate method for systemic delivery. The present study was performed to establish the transdermal delivery method of medicated ointment, liquid and powder material to beagle dog.(omitted)