• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.97-110
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• 2005

This study of the effectiveness of various art programs took place in Gwangju with asample of 60 four- to five-year-old children from three kindergartens. The children were assigned to one of three experimental groups : 20 children in the picture book group(experimental group 1), 20 children in the famous paintings group(experimental group 2), and 20 children in the traditional group(control group). Data were analyzed by ANCOVA using the scores of the pre-test as covariance. Results showed that the picture book and the famous painting art programs affected young children's art ability more positively than the traditional art program. The picture book art program showed particularly high educational effectiveness.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.696-703
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• 2008

Purpose: To Perform a randomized comparative study investigating the effects of Pelvic Floor Muscle Exercise(PME) and Magnetic Stimulation Therapy(MST) and to identified the problems in each of PME & MST Method: Forty-nine patients with mild stress incontinence were randomly assigned to either of two treatment groups (24 patients in the PME group and 25 in the MST group). The PME group had a video exercising program for 40 times every day during 6 weeks. The MST group was treated with BioCon-2000TM, 2times/ week for six weeks. Pre-test and post-test were performed by Prineometer, 1-hour pad test. and Jackson's BFLUTS questionnaire of Jackson. Collected data were analysed using SAS 9.1 by frequency, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z. Chi Square-test, t-test, Fisher Exact probability test, Paired t-test, and Wilcoxon's rank sum test. Results: In comparison between before and after PME and MST, statistically significant difference was observed in maximal vaginal pressure, duration of vaginal contraction, amount of urine, and symptom of urination. In the comparison of the effectiveness between PME & MST, only the maximal of vaginal pressure (Z=2.58, p= .010) was significantly different. Conclusion: The factor more effective in the MST group than in the PME group was high compliance.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.251-266
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• 2007

The Making-books Program(Byun, unpublished) uses the Arts PROPEL approach based on multiple-intelligences theory(Gardner, 1983). PROPEL is a loose acronym for production, perception and reflection, 3 stages in the learning process. The Making-books Program includes designing rubrics, making-books, and publishing. Effect of the program on creativity was examined by before- and after-testing by TTCT. Participants were 63 7-year-old children with 30 children in the experimental and 33 children in the control group. On the pre-test, there was no between groups difference in the participants' creativity on the TTCT. After 21 treatments, the effectiveness of the Making-books Program was shown by significant between group differences on the post-test.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.527-534
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of a simulated disability program on attitude and stereotyping by nursing students toward people with disabilities. Methods: A total of 107 undergraduate nursing students attended and completed pre-and post-questionnaires on attitude and stereotyping. The experimental group participated in a simulation exercise program which was composed of wheel-chair mobility and vision modification in Nam-won Rehabilitation Center. The data were analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 program including frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$ test and t-test. Results: There was no significant difference in attitude toward people with disabilities between the two groups (t=-.743, p=.459). But there was a significant difference in stereotyping between the experimental and the control group(t=-4.097, p=.000). Conclusion: As the result of this study, we can conclude that the program was effective to improve stereotyping toward people with disabilities.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.83-97
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• 2000

Ninety 6th graders were randomly assigned to an experimental or a control group in this 5 week study of the effects of constructivist instruction on writing performance. After the writing pre-test, the experimental group was treated with constructivist instruction while the control group was treated with a tradition procedure based on Joyce and Weil's(1992) basic exercise model Instruction consisted of ten 40-minute sessions. The effectiveness of the constructivist instruction was tested by post-and retention-tests. Two raters scored the children's writing by the analytical scale of Jin-Suk Won(1994). Results were analyzed by t-test. The writing performance and the retention scores of the experimental group were higher than that of the control group. The results of the sub-criteria scores showed significant effects on children's understanding of contents and constructive performance.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

Objectives: This study focuses on the effectiveness of a five-day target youth smoking cessation program in terms of smoking behavior, psychological characteristics, physiological changes, and 1-month maintenance of non-smoking. Methods: The participants in this one-group pre-posttest study were 91 youth smokers registered to a smoking cessation school at a hospital in Seoul. Data analyses performed include descriptive statistics, x2-test, paired t-test, and ANOVA. Results: A five-day smoking cessation program significantly decreased expired carbon monoxide level, stress, and depression. In post-intervention urine test, urine cotinine was detected in 14 of 91 participants(15.4%). In a one-month follow-up telephone survey 80.2% responded maintaining non-smoking. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the effect of a five-day smoking cessation program for adolescent smokers.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.83-103
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develop and implement an alternative elementary mathematics curriculum to enhance creative problem solving ability. The curriculum consisting of three main elements was developed. The three elements are content knowledge, process knowledge and creative thinking skills. The curriculum contents and the units were developed by mathematics educators, elementary educators, psychologists, elementary school teachers and curriculum specialists for 3 years. In order to test the effectiveness of the developed curriculum, the 5 units based on a problem-based-learning (PBL) method were implemented in a 5th grade class as an experimental group during the second semester. For the comparison group the ordinary lesson based on the 6th national mathematics curriculum was implemented during the same period. Performance assessment was developed and used for the pre and post test. T-est was use to testify that the effect of the curriculum is statistically signigicant. The results of the test showed that the experimental group progressed significantly in the creative problem solving ability, but the comparison group did not.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.103-116
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• 1999

This study was executed to examine the effect of group-psychotheray oriented psychodrama on child's depression. For this study self-reporting Kovacs's children's depression inventory(C.D.I) was administered for primary school children. and 8 children were selected in experimental and control group each. The experimental group acted the psychodrama for 15 session. The first follow-up test was executed at 8 weeks after pre-test and second follow-up test at 10 weeks after first follow- up. Every time children acted the psychodrama all behaviors had been recorded. Also in order to find out any changes in daily life after the psychodrama their parents class teachers and children themselves were interviewed. Basal depression level was 23.38 for experimental group and 23.63 for control group. Depression level of experimental group was reduced to 12.38(p<0.01) There was significant difference in depression level between experimental and control group (p<0.01) Reducing effect of experi ental group by the psychodrama was maintained as well. As a result group psychotherapy oriented psychodrama was effective to reduce depression level of childern. Group psychotherapy oriented psychodrama program for children need to be developed for more effectiveness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.89-104
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• 2006

Purpose： This study was to develop and verify the effects of drug misuse and abuse preventive program for middle school students. Methods：This research was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-post test design which tried to protect children from the detrimental effect of drugs and develop a drug abuse prevention program for middle school students. Data was collected from October 10th to 21th, 2005. Subject consisted of 145 middle school students in Kyeonggi, experimental group-72, control group-73. Dick & Carey's(1996) educational system was applied, based on documents and materials online related to drug abuse in order to develop drug abuse prevention program. It's composed of 4 parts, 45 minute each. The evaluation instrument testing for the knowledge about drugs was a criterion of referenced test items modeled by Dick & Carey. The instrument for attitudes about drugs was modeled by Kim, Soyaja. A pre-test was taken on the knowledge and attitudes to drugs. The experimental students were given four sessions of drug abuse prevention education. A post-test similar to the pre-test questionnaire was given in 1 week, 4 weeks following the last session. Collected data was analyzed by using SAS 9.1 program. Results：Followings are the summarized result of study 1. The experimental group, that attended the drug abuse prevention program will have more knowledgable about drugs than the control group (F=27.31, p<.0001). 2. The experimental group, that attended the drug abuse prevention program displayed greater negativism attitude than the control group (F=0.58, p=0.4477). Conclusion：The results conclude that drug abuse prevention programs increase the knowledge of middle school students but doesn't change their attitude toward drugs. Therefore we need to offer them more systematic education to increase their knowledge so it will also improve their attitudes as well.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.356-371
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• 2000

This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional counseling for farmers by using computer- based program to estimate pre - and post - knowledge and attitude changes. The desirable change of both knowledge and attitude focused on improving food Intake and early easing of body complaints. 311 agricultural workers in Korea were chosen for this experiment. The score was compared by 2 methods. In the first method, the scores were calculated from nutrient intake quantity and indices. In the second method, the difference of pre and post test of nutritional counseling by count of correct answers of foods and food preparation attitudes was measured according to different body complaints status. Major farming type was rice-planting(39%). The consciousness of health status of the subjects of less than 50 years old was good(42%), but it was only 20% in over 50 years' group. Female farmers felt uncomfortable in body complaints. Their body complaints were 2 times more than the male farmers, particularly, in over 50 years group. Nutrient intakes were lower in male based on the KRDA, except for vitamin C, niacin, and phosphate. Female farmers' nutrient intake was adequate based on the KRDA, but was low in vitamin A, pyridoxin, and iron. From the scores of knowledge and attitude by pre and post tests, counseling was efficient In nutritional education of all age groups, especially the older ones. The effect of counseling by farming type showed that the real agricultural workers had more increased score In the post test. This results Indicated that counseling about food, nutrition. and health to these workers was always effective. Therefore nutritional counseling and education program should be developed for different kinds of health and nutrition. It would be conducted to promote food behavior and improve nutritional and health status of farmers.