• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.607-620
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• 1998

The influence of transportation on air quality has been elevating in urban area. Air pollutants from automobiles cause primary and secondary air pollution, and need to be tightly controlled. In this study, the effect of automobile air pollutants on highway vicinity area was evaluated by the comparison of field measurement. and target was for modeling using CALINE3, NO2 was the target for this work. It was found that the concentration predicted by CALINE3 is overestimated at low wind speed and input data of wind speed requires correction. Based on the measured data, the wind speed was modified by effective wind speed equation [Ue=U+0.24·EXP(-pxU)], and there after the accuracy of CALINE3 calculation was improved neighborhood area of highway. It was also observed that weather conditions and traffic volume affect the concentration of air pollution. Finally, the NO2 effect of automobile air pollutants on the vicinity area of highway proved to be up to 400∼600m from the highway.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2018

Terrain data for disaster analysis in hazardous or disaster areas is not only important but also needs to be built quickly. In particular, the introduction of drones is in the early stages of research using drones in a variety of fields such as shooting, analyzing and managing hazardous areas. It is expected that drone will be faster, safer and more effective than existing data collection method in case of small scale disaster hazard area and disaster area where equipment or manpower input is difficult. Therefore, in this study, drone shooting was performed for hazardous areas in mountainous roads located in Samcheok city, Gangwon province, and ground reference points were measured by RTK-GPS. The measured data were converted into DSM (Digital Surface Model) data by coordinate correction using Pix4D postprocessing program and then applied to the analysis of the hazard area of mountainous area. As a result, it was shown that it is effective to identify the risk by using the basic terrain data obtained from the drones.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.133-166
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• 2012

Hospitals tend to provide uniformed service to patients despite their various demands stemming from the severity of disease stages or the uncertainties in information of treatment stages. To identify service factors and provide effective contextually aware service models that patients demand depending on their evolving circumstances, the study conducted a survey on service quality based on importance and satisfaction of cancer patients. The study surveyed 286 patients and caregivers on importance and satisfaction through a questionnaire comprising of 17 questions at the outpatient clinic of cancer centers of university hospitals in 5 cities. Based on the risks of the disease and uncertainties in information of treatment stages, the cancer patients were grouped into diagnosis stage; low-risk treatment stage; high-risk treatment stage; stabilization stage. Depending on the patient's situation, the importance and satisfaction of service factors were ranked. These factors were categorized into 4 groups from a managerial perspective into 'keep it up area', 'focus here area', 'low priority area', 'overdone area'. This study provides an effective medical service model that can accommodate patients based on management areas of cancer patients.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1924-1926
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• 2001

A novel wet release process ($\mu$ CARP - Micro Channel Assisted Release Process) for releasing an extreme large-area plate structure without etching hole is proposed and experimented. Etching holes in conventional process reduce a effective area and degrade an optical characteristics by a diffraction. In addition, as the area of a released structure increases, the stietion becomes more serious. The proposed process resolves these problems by the introduction of a micro fluidic channel beneath the structure which will be released. In this paper, a 5 mm${\times}$5mm-single crystal silicon plate structure was released by the proposed $\mu$CARP without etch holes on the structure. The variation in etching time with respect to the of the introduced micro channel is also examined. This process is expected to be beneficial for the actuator of a nano-scale data storage and the scanning mirror.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.767-772
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• 2009

Purpose: Among reasons for reoperations in augmentation mammoplasty, palpable implant, due to thin skin is relatively common, but not easy to correct, especially if thin skin area is wide. The capsule around the implant is a physiologic response to foreign body, naturally formed, and suitable for use as a flap because of its high vascularity. Authors report that capsular flap is very effective and successful method for correction of implant palpability in secondary breast augmentation. Methods: From September 2007 to September 2008, the capular flaps were performed on 5 patients having palpable and wrinkling breast implants due to very thin skin among the cases on whom secondary augmentation mammaplasty had been performed. After the capsular flap was elevated according to thin skin area, the capsular flap was turned down or over to cover the thin skin area and made the thin skin area thick. Results: Post - implant palpable breast wrinkling had been successfully corrected by capsular flaps and breast implants were not palpable any more during the follow - up period(average 9.2 months). All patients who suffered from deformed breast were satisfied. Conclusion: Authors suggest that the capsular flap is a ideal, effective and useful method in management of implant palpability.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

The object of this paper was to evaulate modified proposed design equation in model test result in order to estimate uplift-resistance of timber pile of reclaimed land greenhouse foundation. Uplift resistance result of model test was increased to according to increased of contact area. Uplift-resistance result of field test tend to lineary increased to according to increased of embedment depth and contact area. Results of field uplift-resistance was evaluate compare with modified proposed design equation results of model test and Effective stress method. As the Effective stress method tend to underestimate, modified proposed design equation results of model test tend to similar type. As the contact area increase, difference between field uplift-resistance results and modified proposed design equation results of model test was considered uplift-speed.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.200-211
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• 1998

Heat transfer performance improvement by fin and groovs is studied for condensation of R-11 on integral-fin tubes. Eight tubes with trapczodially shaped integral-fins having fin density from 748 to 1654fpm(fin per meter) and 10, 30 grooves are tested. A plain tube having the same diameter as the finned tubes is also used for comparison. R-11 condensates at saturation state of 32 $^{\circ}C$ on the outside tube surface coded by inside water flow. All of test data are taken at steady state. The heat transfer loop is used for testing singe long tubes and cooling is pumped from a storage tank through filters and folwmeters to the horizontal test section where it is heated by steam condensing on the outside of the tubes. The pressure drop across the test section is measured by menas pressure gauge and manometer. The results obtained in this study is as follows : 1. Based on inside diameter and nominal inside area, overall heat transfer coefficients of finned tube are enhanced up to 1.6 ~ 3.7 times that of a plain tube at a constant Reynolds number. 2. Friction factors are up to 1.6 ~ 2.1 times those of plain tubes. 3. The constant pumping power ratio for the low integral-fin tubes increase directly with the effective area to the nominal area ratio, and with the effective area diameter ratio. 4. A tube having a fin density of 1299fpm and 30 grooves has the best heat transfer performance.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.58-58
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• 2022

With the development of advanced technology, automation of agricultural work is spreading. In association with the 4th industrial revolution-based technology, research on field smart farm technology is being actively conducted. A state-of-the-art unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration complex was established in Naju-si, Jeollanam-do. For the operation of the demonstration area platform, it is necessary to build a sophisticated, advanced, and intelligent field smart farming model. For the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area platform, we are building data on the growth of soybean for smart cultivated crops and conducting research to determine the optimal time for agricultural work. In order to operate an unmanned automation platform, data is collected to discover digital factors for water management immediately after planting, water management during the growing season, and determination of harvest time. A subsurface drip irrigation system was established for smart water management. Irrigation was carried out when the soil moisture was less than 20%. For effective water management, soil moisture was measured at the surface, 15cm, and 30cm depth. Vegetation indices were collected using drones to find key factors in soybean production prediction. In addition, major growth characteristics such as stem length, number of branches, number of nodes on the main stem, leaf area index, and dry weight were investigated. By discovering digital factors for effective decision-making through data construction, it is expected to greatly enhance the efficiency of the operation of the unmanned automated agricultural production demonstration area.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.121-140
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• 2008

불투수면 비율은 유역의 건전성 정도를 나타내는 중요한 척도로 활용되고 있으며 특히 유역의 수환경 특성을 파악하는 모델에서 이용되어 왔다. 불투수면은 총불투수면과 유효불투수면의 두 가지 있으며, 이들은 각 유역의 토지이용 특성에 따라 그 구성이 다양하다. 이중 총 불투수면은 기존의 토지이용도나 토지피복도를 사용하여 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 반면 유효불투수면은 물 흐름을 필지별로 파악하여야 하기 때문에 산정에 많은 노력과 비용이 소요된다. 본 연구에서는 우리나라 사례지역에 대해 총불투수면과 유효불투수면을 산정하여 그 특성을 상호 비교해 보고 유역관리에 있어 유효 및 총 불투수면 비율의 적용방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 사례지역 분석결과 유효불투수면 면적은 39.7%로 총 불투수면 면적 43%에 비해 약 3%적었다. 불투수면이 수환경에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용하기 위함임을 고려할 때 비용과 시간적 측면에서 볼 때 총불투수면을 유역의 대표적인 불투수면 비율로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2003년도 5월 학술대회지
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• pp.145-148
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• 2003

In this paper, we carried out comparative study about various feature parameters for the effective speaker recognition such as LPC, LPCC, MFCC, Log Area Ratio, Reflection Coefficients, Inverse Sine, and Delta Parameter. We also adopted cepstral liftering and cepstral mean subtraction methods to check their usefulness. Our recognition system is HMM based one with 4 connected-Korean-digit speech database. Various experimental results will help to select the most effective parameter for speaker recognition.