• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.27
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• pp.211-244
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to provide some constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations aiming at enhancing the quality of public services and the competitiveness of government in case of Korea. The major suggestions of this study are as follows: First, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations should be implemented in the level of national government reforms. Second, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are to drive at linking the related policies and the use of information communication technologies. Third, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are should be based on the information superhighway project initiated in 1994. Fourth, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are to drive at introducing the concepts of IRM(Information Resources Management) and emphasizing the concepts of information transfer. Fifth, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are to drive at adapting the related new information technologies including Internet by a means to full joint utilization of information. Sixth, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are to drive at the policy of full joint utilization of information linking through the private and public sector. Finally, the constructing strategies for the effective service of government informations are to drive at considering the linkage of other countries and international organizations.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

For MOSFET devices with nanometer range gate length, accurate extraction of effective gate length is highly important because transistor characteristics become very sensitive to effective channel length. In this paper, we propose a new approach to extract the effective channel length of nanometer range MOSFET by Capacitance Voltage(C-V) method. The effective channel length is extracted using gate to source/drain capacitance( $C_{gsd}$). It is shown that 1/$\beta$ method, Terada method and other C-V method are inadequate to extract the accurate effective channel length. Therefore, the proposed method is highly effective for extraction of effective channel length of 100nm CMOSFETs.s.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.512-520
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• 2007

The design of a ground-source heat pump system includes specifications for a ground loop heat exchanger where the heat transfer rate depends on the effective thermal conductivity of the ground and the effective thermal resistance of the borehole. To evaluate these heat transfer properties, in-situ thermal response tests on four vertical test boreholes with different grouting materials were conducted by adding a monitored amount of heat to circulating water. The line-source method is applied to the temperature rise in an in-situ test and extended to also give an estimate of borehole effective thermal resistance. The effect of increasing thermal conductivity of the grouting materials from 0.818 to $1.104W/m^{\circ}C$ resulted in overall increases in effective thermal conductivity by 15.8 to 56.3% and reductions in effective thermal resistance by 13.0 to 31.1%.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.731-740
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• 2021

This research aims to investigate the determinants of real effective exchange rate in emerging ASEAN countries, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. The research was conducted by using quarterly time series data set from 1980Q1 to 2020Q3. Cointegration and the error correction model (ECM) methods were applied to test the long run and short run relationship of the real effective exchange rate and its determinants. The results indicate that the ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP and the government spending have significantly positive impact on real effective exchange rate in the Emerging ASEAN countries. The trade opening had influencing real effective exchange rate in most the Emerging ASEAN countries, except Vietnam. In addition, the international reserve (INR) had significant long-run impacts variables on real effective exchange rate in Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. In the short run equilibrium, the error collection term suggest that Indonesia and Malaysia are the fastest speed adjustment to equilibrium. In addition, the term of trade influence the real effective exchange rate in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines but it is not in Thailand and Vietnam. However, FDI is a major factor of the real effective exchange rate in Vietnam, but not for other countries.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.310-311
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• 2011

Dual-frequency (DF) capacitively coupled plasmas (CCP) are used to separately control the mean ion energy and flux at the electrodes [1]. This separate control in capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges is one of the most important issues for various applications of plasma processing. For instance, in the Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition processes such as used for solar cell manufacturing, this separate control is most relevant. It principally allows to increase the ion flux for high deposition rates, while the mean ion energy is kept constant at low values to prevent highly energetic ion bombardment of the substrate to avoid unwanted damage of the surface structure. DF CCP can be analyzed in a fashion similar to single-frequency (SF) driven with effective parameters [2]. It means that DF CCP can be converted into SF CCP with effective parameters such as effective frequency and effective current density. In this study, comparison of DF CCP and its converted effective SF CCP is carried out through particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo (PIC-MCC) simulations. The PIC-MCC simulation shows that DF CCP and its converted effective SF CCP have almost the same plasma characteristics. In DF CCP, the negative resistance arises from the competition of the effective current and the effective frequency [2]. As the high-frequency current increases, the square of the effective frequency increases more than the effective current does. As a result, the effective voltage decreases with the effective current and it leads to an increase of the ion flux and a decrease of the mean ion energy. Because of that, the negative resistance regime can be called the preferable regime for solar cell manufacturing. In this preferable regime, comparison of DF (13.56+100 or 200 MHz) CCP and SF (60 MHz) CCP with the same effective current density is carried out. At the lower effective current density (or at the lower plasma density), the mean ion energy of SF CCP is lower than that of DF CCP. At the higher effective current density (or at the higher plasma density), however, the mean ion energy is lower than that of SF CCP. In this case, using DF CCP is better than SF CCP for solar cell manufacturing processes.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

Flat-plate buildings are commonly modeled as two-dimensional frames to calculate unbalanced moments, lateral drift and shear at slab-column connections. The slab-column frames under lateral loads are analyzed using effective beam width models, which is convenient for computer analysis. In this case, the accuracy of this approach depends on the exact values of effective beam width to account for the actual behavior of slab-column connections. In this parametric study, effective beam width coefficients for wide range of the variations are calculated on the several types of slab-column connections, and the results are compared with those of other researches. Also the formulas for effective beam width coefficients are proposed and verified by finite element analysis. The proposed formulas are founded to be more suitable than others for analyzing flat-plate buildings subjected to lateral loading.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.42-49
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• 2013

In this study, in order to analyze the crack retardation behaviors, effective plastic zone concept was proposed. By use of the proposed concept, crack retardation period, compressive residual stress and variation of effective plastic zone shapes were obtained. The results were compared with those of Willenborg model. Retardation period, compressive residual stress and effective plastic zone size obtained by using effective plastic zone concept were larger then the results obtained by using Willenborg analysis. Effective stress intensity factors obtained by using effective plastic zone concept were smaller then the results obtained by using Willenborg analysis.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2001

Woven wire wick is very effective structure because of its easiness to insert inside of pipe for a miniature heat pipe. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the effective flow passage with respect to wire helix angle. Also effective thermal conductivity were examined by defining mean porosity considering effective liquid flow passages. Effective heat transfer area is varied with respect to wire helix angle, and in the range of $\thet=60~65^{\circ}C$, heat transfer area is decreased about 15~20%. Permeability of woven wire wick shows similar value of 200 mesh screen wick. And comparison of experimental results on effective thermal conductivity shows a fairly good agreement with the analytical results.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.439-449
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• 1998

From September 1997 to August 1998, Korean indigeous goats infected with internal parasites were examined for efficacy of anthelminthics by fecal egg counts. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against gastointestinal Haemonchus contortus in goats were effective with Ivermectin(94.9%), Piperazine(92.8%), Levamisole(88.3%), Albendazole(68.2%), respectively. Albendazole was effective against goats with Haemonchus contortus in 3 herds, but not effective in 1 herds. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against gastointestinal Paramphistomim sp in goats were effective with Ivermectin(95.3%), Piperazine(93.3%), Albendazole(92.9%), Levamisole(91.1%), respectively. Efficacy of anthelmintic drugs against Eimeria sp in goats were effective with Toltrazuril(92.6%), Diclazuril(90.4% ), Nicarbazin (87.5%), Amprolium(70.0%), respectively. Amprolium was effective against goats with Eimeria sp in 3 herds, but not effective in 1 herds.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to determine the effective teaching method & content of consumer education perceived by high/vocational school students in daily life. The questionnaires were distributed to the 179 high school students. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t- test and one- way ANOVA with scheffe test. As the results of this study were followed: 1. The content of consumer education was organized into four areas: choice making, financial management, buymanship, consumer citizenship All areas of the content were perceived more effective in daily life by vocational school students Especially choice making and buymanship were perceived more effective than the other areas 2. The effective teaching method were affected by the kind of school and grade. 1) The lecture and the practical teaching were more effective methods perceived by vocational students 2) The discussion group teaching was more effective perceived by 3rd grade, but the leeture and the practical teaching perceived by 1st grade.