• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-429
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• 2009

The purpose of this research examines the factors that influence happiness among Korean adolescents by focusing on psychological resource (as measured by self-efficacy), relational resource (as measured by social support) and financial resource (as measured by family's monthly income). In addition, the influence of academic achievement on happiness is examined. To examine the influence of socio-economic status and family's monthly income, adolescents living in three different districts in Seoul (from working to middle to upper class districts) were randomly selected and interviewed in their home. A total of 190 elementary school, middle school, high school and university students (male=83, female=107) completed the resiliency of efficacy scale developed by Bandura (1995) and emotional support and happiness scale developed by the present researchers, in addition to background information. The results of the path analysis are as follows. First, the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is relational resources. In other words, emotional support received from significant others was most predictive of happiness; more than 60 times the effect of family's monthly income, three times the effect of academic achievement, and two times the effect of resiliency of efficacy. The second most important factor that predicted the happiness of Korean adolescents was psychological resource (i.e., resiliency of efficacy), which had 30 times the effect of family's monthly income. In addition resiliency of efficacy played a mediating role between emotional support on one hand and happiness on the other. Third, those respondents who had higher academic achievement reported higher levels of happiness, which had 20 times the effect of family's monthly income. Fourth, family monthly income did not predict happiness among Korean adolescents. Fifth, socio-economic status and school level did not have direct influence on happiness but had mediating influence through their influence on emotional support. In other words, those respondents with higher socio-economic status and elementary school students were more likely to receive social support from significant others, which in turn increased their happiness. These results indicate that the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is emotional support, followed by resiliency of effic acy and academic achievement, indicating that those adolescents from wealthy families are not necessarily happier.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.21 no.2 s.30
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• pp.303-320
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop a tool which can be used in factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement. The objectives for study are as follows: First, we develop a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on mathematics scholastic achievement' transformed from Persell's 'A model for factor analysis of inequality on education'. Second, we analyze the inequality factors with the deviation index of objects on mathematics scholastic achievement that we have developed. The results of this study are as follows: We development a model for 'factor analysis of inequality on Mathematics' and inequality factors on mathematics scholastic achievement in secondary schools are private education, scholarships of parents, region, sex and school system. The factors most influenced in mathematics scholastic achievement are economic standings of household, scholarships of parents and private educations in order.

• Architectural research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2015

The physical environment can dramatically affect students' feeling and their behavior, educational attainment, and the way in which we do school activities. Unlimited access to campus areas without appropriate securities have reported an increase of crime in school area and safety issues has encouraged school facility planners to install securities devices at every corner of buildings. However, it is still questionable whether this approach is enough to protect students and staffs from the victimization of crime, including thefts, burglaries and sexual offences. There has been continued doubt about the safety of educational facilities where individual college students are studying and enjoying extra-curricular activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is intended to investigate the effects of perception of safety by students on the level of academic performance at public outdoor environment of university campus. An extensive literature noted that the central element of modern school design principle mainly holds the theory of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) and the concept of defensible space. The second generation of CPTED also focused on social soft issues as well as situational factors, which extends beyond mere physical design to include social factors. The correlation analysis found that the effect of sense of safety does appear to be statistically significant on the facilitation of academic achievement. However, the analysis of Chi-square concluded that the perception of safety was not related to demographic and socio-economic profiles of the group except for gender. Further, stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most prime predictor for academic achievement were 'safe public outdoor space/paths' at university campus environment, implying careful design of public open space and sidewalks based on the guideline of CPTED. The study also demonstrated that as the level of positive perception of safety rose, the overall academic achievement also responded to the specified rate (${\beta}=.99$). Finally, the findings reinforce an evidence that high-quality school environments are a positive factor in student academic performance.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.43-54
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• 2010

This study examines the factors related to university students' positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. A total of 338 university students in Seoul, Gyeong-gi, and Kyungnam area provided information about their socio-economic background, parents' employment history, achievement motivation, and gender egalitarian attitude. A two-way analysis of variance showed significant interaction effects of gender and grade on positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. Multiple regression analyses by gender indicated that factors related with university students' positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment may differ by gender. For male students, grade, and socio-cultural gender egalitarian attitude were significantly related to positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment. For female students, grade, family monthly income, mother's employment during elementary school, and achievement motivation were related with positive beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.95-111
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore and analyse the work value of university students majoring in health care management. The subjects of this study were 300 students. Maryland Work Value Inventory was used and the data were collected using a structured and self-administrated questionnaire. As a result of factor analysis, the following results were obtained. First, the work value consists of six factors (financial remuneration, social status, social contribution, capability, achievement, proper pride) and it can be classified extrinsic work value (financial remuneration, social status) and intrinsic work value(social contribution, capability, achievement, proper pride). Second, The mean extrinsic work value(4.16) was higher than the mean intrinsic work value(3.80). The preference order of the work value was like this; financial remuneration(4.36) the first, achievement(4.05), social status(3.96), proper pride(3.93), capability(3.78), and social contribution(3.45) the last. Third, the mean of the economic stability in extrinsic work value was the highest. The factors meaningfully relating with intrinsic work value were age, school grade and the experience of job. Forth, as a result of regression analysis, the more school grade they have, the less extrinsic work value and the less their mother's level of education, the higher extrinsic work value.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.17-31
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• 2016

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to discuss problems and propose the direction of the current international university placement program in the country by deriving the concept of and developing questionnaires for 'service satisfaction'. Research design, data, and methodology -The SERVQUAL scale was used to measure the quality of services. In this study reliability, empathy, and assurance are used to measure the quality of the international university placement system, considering the characteristics of the education environment. The survey data is based on responses from 280 students who either have completed the international university placement system and currently studying abroad, or are studying the domestic part of the program. Cronbach's Alpha value was calculated. To verify the hypothesis, the multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results - According to the study, the satisfaction rate of the domestic learning process is heavily relied on reliability and empathy; particularly empathy on the curriculum of the international placement program. The study also found that to make students to feel a high sense of achievement, the satisfaction rate is a priority which should be improved. Conclusions - The results from the analysis of the hypothesis shows that the satisfaction rate of students who are taking the domestic part of the international university placement program should be increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.103-116
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrition education and training needs as a basis for program planning for day care children. Nutrition achievement test developed by American National Dairy Council and Iowa state University was modified and used for measuring the level of basic knowledge of food and nutrition for day care children. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1. Over 70% of mothers indicated their children had a certain degree of food behavior and feeding problems in terms of unbalanced food habit, irregular meal period. 2. Mean score for the nutrition achievement test for day care children was 9.3. 3. The nutrition achievement test score for children with high socio-economic status was significantly higher than those of children with middle and lower group. 4. Inspection of the difficulty difference indices showed that over the 50% of the children had more items that were easier in the content of physiological facts than in the food handling and social psychological aspects of foods.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.627-637
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• 2009

Our economic system highly depends on the international trade market and demands high level of foreign language abilities to the young generation. Scores of various internationally authorized language tests are used to estimate students's language ability before giving their admission to universities or high schools. According to increase of unemployment rate of the young people, universities put their strength on the language abilities of their students, and each university uses some authorized language scores before determining students who win scholarships. This study suggests two types of indices to evaluate students's relative achievement of foreign language abilities between two time points considering their current abilities. One, named one-side relative achievement index, is defined as the ratio of additional score between two time points to the remaining score at the base time point to the full score. The second one, named two-side relative achievement index, is defined as the same manner as the first one if the score is improved, and if not, is defined as the ratio of the amount of losing scores to the current score at the base time point. Two-side achievement index is more useful since it has smaller variation than the former and is easier to interpret. However, both indices are useful to compare the achievements of different tests.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.343-357
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• 2008

Generally, schooling is implemented by instruction in the classroom. And instruction is made progress by concrete interaction through teacher's question and students' answer or presentation. According to a lot of researches on teacher-student interaction, student's opportunity of class presentation is influenced by students' self-esteem, learning attitude, academic achievement, and relationships. And students' opportunity of class presentation is very important not only students but also social equality and democracy. Therefore, teachers have to recognize the importance of students' opportunity of class presentation. However, according to many referential researches, students' opportunity of class presentation is differentiated by students' academic ability and social-economic status. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether students' opportunity of class presentation was differentiated by students' academic ability and social-economic status or not. The method of this study was used checklist, interview, and class observation for a month. This study indicates that in spite of some exceptional cases, many students were taken the opportunity of class presentation differently by his/her academic ability and social-economic status. And teacher does not recognize that whether she gives student's opportunity of class presentation differently or not. To be a good teacher, teacher should reflect that teaching students is not easy, and teaching students is very important. And teacher should recognize that her speaking, action, and interaction with students including students' opportunity of class presentation influences students' self-esteem, learning attitude, academic achievement, and relationships.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

Improving the quality of school education is one of the key policy concerns in Korea. This paper examines whether providing schools with adequate autonomy and incentives can meet the policy goals by looking at a recent policy reform in Korea. In 2009, the Korean government granted autonomy to certain private high schools on the condition that no financial subsidies would be provided to the schools. Because the autonomous private high schools cannot receive a subsidy, they have a strong incentive to meet parental demands because schools failing to meet these demands will lose students and will have to close. Applying the value-added model to longitudinal data at the student level, I find that students entering these autonomous schools show faster growth in their academic achievement than their peers in traditional non-autonomous schools. These results suggest that providing schools with autonomy and incentives can be a useful policy tool for improving school education.