• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.39-50
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• 2014

The goal of this work is to develop a framework of methods to entirely evaluate effects of LID (Low Impact Development) on soil-groundwater environmental quality as well as land-scape and ecological factors. For this study, we conducted an extensive literature review. As outcomes, soil-groundwater environmental quality is newly conceptualized as a comprehensive index reflecting (i) groundwater pollution sensitivity (hydrogeological factor), (ii) biochemical contamination, and (iii) biodegradability. The methods of classifying and indexing is shown by combining selection of the items to be measured for soil-groundwater environmental quality and integrating the resulted items comprehensively. In addition, from soil-groundwater environmental quality, land-scape and ecological factors in existing environmental impact assessment a method was developed an overall index which can evaluate effects to environment by using GIS (Geographic Information System) and AHP (Analytic Hierachy Process). For optimizing LID planning, designing and post-evaluation, LCIA (Life Cycle Impact Assessment) was regarded as an appropriate method.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.323-332
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• 2001

A cultural landscape results from a combination of human activities for resource-use and the response of nature to such artificial interference. Nature provides resources necessary for human life on the Earth in terms of his survival as well as living. Humanbeing has developed civilization using the benefits that nature provides. In the past, a harmonious relationship between mankind and nature had ensured sustainability of resource-use for human. We can find such facts from the existence of cultural landscape. However, rapid economic growth and a development-oriented logic caused from such socio-economic change led to the environmental crises and the depletion of various resources at global level. In the perspective of preparation for such problems, we investigated the background for establishment, function, and value of cultural landscapes, in which a dynamic equilibrium exists between a supply of natural resources and human needs. Furthermore, we discussed a new economic model including ecological consideration, a strategy for ecological management of environment, and a framework for transmission of traditional culture to new generations on the basis of a cultural landscape regime.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.6 s.107
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• pp.14-22
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to assess conservation value of forests and cultivated areas from the landscape ecological point of view. The main focus of landscape ecology estimates the reciprocal relationships between spatial patterns and ecological processes. This paper sets the criteria for conservation value and classify the conservation value based on the criteria. Forests and cultivated areas in Seo-Gu, Incheon Metropolitan City was selected as the case study area. In this research, factors such as patch size and connectivity have been selected in order to consider the landscape ecological aspect, gradient for the environmental physics aspect and to consider the environment-ecological aspect, grade of environmental-oriented land suitability analysis Map developed by the ROK Ministry of Environment has been utilized. GIS methodologies have been adopted to calculate the relationships among the above variables. Through literature review, the following evaluation criteria have been adopted: (1) based on island biogeography and metapopulation dynamics theory, patch size criteria are set 2ha and 10ha; (2) connectivity was set the degree of connection with surrounding grids; and (3) gradient of 20 degrees. Conclusively, this paper suggests that local conditions, landscape ecology and physical environment aspects should be considered to develop an estimation framework of the conservation value.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2013

This paper describes progress on formulating a national asbestos profile for the country of Vietnam. The Center of Asbestos Resource, Vietnam, formulated a National Profile on Asbestos-related Occupational Health, with due reference to the International Labor Organization/World Health Organization National Asbestos Profile. The Center of Asbestos Resource was established by the Vietnamese Health Environment Management Agency and the National Institute of Labor Protection, with the support of the Australian Agency for International Development, as a coordinating point for asbestos-related issues in Vietnam. Under the National Profile on Asbestos-related Occupational Health framework, the Center of Asbestos Resource succeeded in compiling relevant information for 15 of the 18 designated items outlined in the International Labor Organization/World Health Organization National Asbestos Profile, some overlaps of the information items notwithstanding. Today, Vietnam continues to import and use an average of more than 60,000 metric tons of raw asbestos per year. Information on asbestos-related diseases is limited, but the country has begun to diagnose mesothelioma cases, with the technical cooperation of Japan. As it stands, the National Profile on Asbestos-related Occupational Health needs further work and updating. However, we envisage that the National Profile on Asbestos-related Occupational Health will ultimately facilitate the smooth transition to an asbestos-free Vietnam.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.253-264
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• 2006

It is a general trend that golf courses have been developed on mountain areas or in valleys due to economical or legal reasons in Korea. Therefore, most of golf courses have special landscape characteristics of brooks and ridge lines as well as peaks. Development of golf courses in the regions of intermediate valley significantly influences ecological factors such as biodiversity, hydrology, and biogeochemical cycles due to changes in original ecosystems of valleys, ridges, and peaks. This study developed a comprehensive framework to incorporate ecological principles and examples into the landscape planning and design process. The restoration system fur water environment may significantly minimize the ecological impacts from developing golf courses. Biotops and artificial damps have been applied to a golf course construction site in southern part of Korea, requiring a restoration of existing water ecosystem by the local EPA. The detailed drawings and water restoration plans were presented in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.738-747
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to construct a knowledge structure for the application of physical education in ecological marine sports. As specific exercises, a volleyball game (beach volleyball) and open water swimming were set, and a knowledge structure analysis framework was used for the study. Expert consultation was conducted to secure the validity of the study. The study results are as follows. First, a knowledge structure based on the 2022 revised physical education curriculum was prepared. Second, the basis for the application of physical education classes for ecological marine sports was prepared. Third, learning contents in the knowledge·understanding domain, process·functional domain, and value·attitude domain of beach volleyball were proposed. Fourth, learning contents of knowledge·understanding domain, process·function domain, and value·attitude domain of sea swimming were proposed. This study is meaningful in that it prepared in advance for the realization of the 2022 revised physical education curriculum to be introduced in the future.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.211-223
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• 2015

Korean society has been recently promoting the restoration of coastal wetlands. These efforts might become the basis of a policy framework that compensates for the limitations of a regulation-oriented policy such as the designation of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). The shift in government policy could contribute to strengthening the socioeconomic infrastructure of coastal development through the accumulation of ecological capital. Although our scientific efforts and social demands in regard to the ecological restoration of the coastal wetlands have increased during the past years, the bases for restoration in Korea requires that scientific, technological, financial, social and legal aspects be enhanced. The present study re-examined the concept and attitudes behind coastal wetland restoration in the light of changing circumstances in Korea. Herein, we first defined coastal wetland restoration as "An act of recovering the functions of the ecosystem of coastal wetlands to a state that resembles conditions prior to being damaged." Next, this study discussed the limitations and future directions of such restoration efforts based on the descriptive analyses of recent restoration practices from social, economic, and technological aspects. Finally, we suggest future policy directions regarding coastal wetland restoration on the basis of a PFST (Policy, Financial, Social, and Technological) analysis; 1) re-arranging legal mechanisms, 2) setting multi-dimensional restoration goals, 3) establishing a multi-discipline- and convergence based R&D system, 4) linking spatial management and local development to the restoration, 5) building restoration governance at the local level, 6) implementing an ecosystem service payment system, and 7) applying test-bed projects in accordance with proper directions.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.1185-1198
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• 2020

This study aimed to suggest a framework for biotope classification and evaluation based on habitat values to rationally establish management areas of national parks. The factors and indicators related to the biotope classification and evaluation were established based on integration from those of previous studies. The decision tree evaluation process was applied to the classification and evaluation of the biotope type level. The evaluation of the biotope group level was carried out to determine the weight and the AUEM (Adding Up Estimation Matrix) was applied for the final grades. As a result, the biotope type of Seolaksan National Park was classified into 43 types and Odaesan National Park was classified into 41 types. Bukhansan National Park, which is located in a metropolitan city, was classified into 49 types. In terms of biotope evaluation, grade III had a ratio of 50.6%, the highest in Seolaksan national park. The ratios of grade I and grade II, which have great ecological-value, were respectively 12.0% and 36.5%. Grade II was 48.2%, the highest ratio in Odaesan National Park. The ratios of grades I and II were 10.8% and 37.9%, respectively. Grade III was 54.8%, the highest ratio in Bukhansan national park, and the ratios of grade I and grade II, which have great ecological-value were, respectively, 11.4% and 25.7%. The biotope values of major national parks were evaluated according to the type focusing on the actual vegetation. This framework can be considered for application to the spatial management of other types of protected areas.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.777-793
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic reference for appropriate ecological park planning through investigation and analysis of inviting environment of Suncheon Bay Ecological Park within the framework of 'universal design'. For this, investigating items were selected through literature reviews and legal standard of ecological park suggested by laws. Field survey on Suncheon Bay Ecological Park was conducted, The results suggesting analytical and practical implications are as follows. First, guided handles of any facilities were not equipped, so urgent supplementation is needed with legal standard of universal design. Especially, detailed criterion of universal design focusing on visitors' convenience should be reflected. Second, all facilities for the blind were not equipped and the floor height of entrance was also unsuitable. It implies that the disabled and the senior are restrained from doing independent activity, therefore, appropriate standard focusing on 'universal design' for the wide open activity space such as the park area should be re-provided. Finally, guidelines for applicable universal design of the activity space for the experience on the ecological park should be re-established.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.348-355
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• 2017

Human activities have resulted in soil pollution problems to us. Human and ecological risk assessment have been suggested as an efficient environmental management strategy for protecting human and ecosystems from soil pollution. However, Korean environmental policy is currently focused on human protection, and fundamental researches for ecology protection are required for institutional frameworks. In this study, we developed a schematic frame of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and suggested the basic information for its application. This study suggested a soil ecological risk assessment scheme consisting of 4 steps for derivation of Predicted-No-Effect-Concentration (PNEC): 1) ecotoxicity data collection and reliability determination, 2) data standardization, 3) evaluation of data completeness for PNEC calculation, and 4) determination of ecological-risk. The reliability determination of ecotoxicity data was performed using Reliability Index (RI), and the classification of domestic species, acute/chronic, toxicity endpoint, and soil properties was used for data cataloging. The PNEC calculation methodology was determined as low-reliability, middle-reliability, and high-reliability according to their quantitative and qualitative levels of ecotoxicity data. This study would be the introductory plan research for establishment of Korean soil ecological risk assessment, and it can be a fundamental framework to further develop guidelines of Korean environmental regulation.