• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2007

편심 하중을 받는 철근 콘크리트 기둥에서 띠철근과 콘크리트 강도의 영향을 파악하기 위하여 콘크리트 압축강도, 띠철근 배근간격 및 형상, 편심비를 주요 변수로 하여 단면 $200mm{\times}200mm$의 시험체 24개를 실험하였다. 이러한 연구를 통하여 콘크리트 기둥은 편심거리비, 띠철근 배근간격, 띠철근 배근형태 등에 관계없이 콘크리트 강도가 증가할수록 취성적으로 거동하였고, 편심거리비가 증가할수록 띠철근 배근에 의한 연성 증가 효과는 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 띠철근 배근간격이 100mm에서 30mm로 줄어들 경우, 최대 내력은 10~20% 증가하였으며, 최대 내력 이후에도 보다 연성적으로 거동하였다. 그러므로 고강도 콘크리트 기둥에서 적당한 연성과 강도를 확보하기 위해서는 일반강도 콘크리트에 비하여 더 많은 띠철근 체적비와 밀실한 띠철근 배근이 필요하였으며, 띠철근 배근 간격만을 제한하는 현재의 대한건축학회 내진 기준은 고강도 콘크리트 사용 시 띠철근의 배근 효과와 부재 연성 확보 측면에서 불안전하였으며, 띠철근을 콘크리트 강도와 연계하는 새로운 내진 기준이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

CFST columns are structurally superior because the concrete inside the steel tubes prevents local buckling at the tubes and the tubes confine the concrete. And, the thickness of steel tube in CFST column has been thinner with development of high-strengh steel. The thinner the steel tube of a square CFST column is, the more local buckling is likely to occur. For this reason, we developed welded built-up square steel tube with stiffeners which are placed at the center of the tube width acts as an anchor. In this study, we conduct experimental test for three specimens of the 4m long span welded built-up square CFT column with parameters of L/D and D/t. And, the test results were compared with the analysis results by M-${\phi}$-P Program.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2005

This study concerns the characteristics of helical flow in a concentric and eccentric annulus with a diameter ratio of 0.52 and 0.9, whose outer cylinders are stationary and inner ones are rotating. Pressure losses and skin friction coefficients have been measured for fully developed flows of water and $0.2\%$ aqueous of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC), respectively, when the inner cylinder rotates at the speed of $0\~500$ rpm. The effect of rotation on the skin friction coefficient is significantly dependent on the flow regime. In all flow regimes, the skin friction coefficient is increased by the inner cylinder rotation. This study shows the change of skin friction coefficient and wall shear stress corresponding to the variation of rotating speed of the inner cylinder, radius ratio, eccentricity, and working fluids.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1439-1461
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• 2015

Design criteria, modeling rules, and analysis principles of seismic isolation systems have already found place in important building codes and standards such as the Uniform Building Code and ASCE/SEI 7-05. Although real behaviors of isolation systems composed of high damping or lead rubber bearings are nonlinear, equivalent linear models can be obtained using effective stiffness and damping which makes use of linear seismic analysis methods for seismic-isolated buildings possible. However, equivalent linear modeling and analysis may lead to errors in seismic response terms of multi-story buildings and thus need to be assessed comprehensively. This study investigates the accuracy of equivalent linear modeling via numerical experiments conducted on generic five-story three dimensional seismic-isolated buildings. A wide range of nonlinear isolation systems with different characteristics and their equivalent linear counterparts are subjected to historical earthquakes and isolation system displacements, top floor accelerations, story drifts, base shears, and torsional base moments are compared. Relations between the accuracy of the estimates of peak structural responses from equivalent linear models and typical characteristics of nonlinear isolation systems including effective period, rigid-body mode period, effective viscous damping ratio, and post-yield to pre-yield stiffness ratio are established. Influence of biaxial interaction and plan eccentricity are also examined.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.393-406
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• 2016

Axially loaded reinforced concrete columns are hardly exist in practice due to the development of some bending moments. These moments could be produced by gravity loads or the lateral loads. First, the current paper presents a detailed analysis on the overall structural behavior of 15 eccentrically loaded columns as well as one concentrically loaded control one. Columns bent in either single curvature or double curvature modes are tested experimentally up to failure under the effect of different end eccentricities combinations. Three end eccentricities ratio were studied, namely, 0.1b, 0.3b and 0.5b, where b is the column width. Second, an expression correlated the decay in the normalized axial capacity of the column and the acting end eccentricities was developed based on the experimental results and then verified against the available formula. Third, based on the equivalent column concept, the equivalent pin-ended columns were obtained for columns bent in either single or double curvature modes. And then, the effect of end eccentricity ratio was correlated to the equivalent column length. Finally, a simplified design procedure was proposed for eccentrically loaded braced column by transferring it to an equivalent axially loaded pin-ended slender column. The results of the proposed design procedure showed comparable results against the results of the ACI 318-14 code.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2002

이 논문에서는 철근콘크리트 장주의 극한저항력을 효과적으로 산정할 수 있는 설계 관계식이 제안되었다. 철근콘크리트 기둥의 거동은 여러 설계변수들의 영향을 받는데 특히 콘크리트의 강도, 철근비, 세장비 및 편심 등에 의해 크게 영향을 받으므로 설계식의 제안을 위해 위의 4가지 변수들을 변화시켜가며 철근콘크리트 기둥의 비선형 해석을 수행하였다. 콘크리트의 균열 등을 포함한 재료의 비선형성을 고려하기 위해 적층단면법이 사용되었으며, p-△ 효과를 구현하기 위하여 기하강성행렬이 고려되었다. 해석결과로부터 각 변수의 변화에 따른 철근콘크리트 기둥의 저항력의 변화를 비교하였으며 이를 토대로 회귀분석 모델을 제안하였다. 또한 회귀분석을 수행하여 철근콘크리트 장주의 극한저항력을 효과적으로 산정할 수 있는 회귀분석식을 제안하였고, 기존의 설계기준과 비교하여 제안식의 효율성을 검증하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.459-484
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• 2005

In recent years, the use of steel tube confined concrete (STCC) columns has been the interests of many structural engineers. The present study is an attempt to study the monotonic and cyclic behaviours of STCC columns. For the monotonic behaviours, a series of tests on STCC stub columns (twenty one), and beam-columns (twenty) were carried out. The main parameters varied in the tests are: (1) column section types, circular and square; (2) tube diameter (or width) to thickness ratio, from 40 to 162, and (3) load eccentricity ratio (e/r), from 0 to 0.5. For the cyclic behaviours, the test parameters included the sectional types and the axial load level (n). Twelve STCC column specimens, including 6 specimens with circular sections and 6 specimens with square sections were tested under constant axial load and cyclically increasing flexural loading. Comparisons are made with predicted column strengths and flexural stiffness using the existing codes. It was found that STCC columns exhibit very high levels of energy dissipation and ductility, particularly when subjected to high axial loads. Generally, the energy dissipation ability of the columns with circular sections was much higher than those of the specimens with square sections. Comparisons are made with predicted column strengths and flexural stiffness using the existing codes such as AIJ-1997, AISCLRFD- 1994, BS5400-1979 and EC4-1994.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.183-200
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• 2020

Connection of adjacent buildings with stiff links is an efficient approach for seismic pounding mitigation. However, use of highly rigid links might alter the torsional response in asymmetric plans and although this was mentioned in the literature, no quantitative study has been done before to investigate the condition numerically. In this paper, the effect of rigid coupling on the elastic lateral-torsional response of two adjacent one-story column-type buildings has been studied by comparison to uncoupled structures. Three cases are considered, including two similar asymmetric structures, two adjacent asymmetric structures with different dynamic properties and a symmetric system adjacent to an adjacent asymmetric one. After an acceptable validation against the actual earthquake, the traditional random vibration method has been utilized for dynamic analysis under Ideal white noise input. Results demonstrate that rigid coupling may increase or decrease the rotational response, depending on eccentricities, torsional-to-lateral stiffness ratios and relative uncoupled lateral stiffness of adjacent buildings. Results are also discussed for the case of using identical cross section for all columns supporting eachplan. In contrast to symmetric systems, base shear increase in the stiffer building may be avoided when the buildings lateral stiffness ratio is less than 2. However, the eccentricity increases the rotation of the plans for high rotational stiffness of the buildings.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2000

Combustion and emission characteristics in a direct injection diesel engine is closely related to the intake port system. It is therefore important to understand the swirl flow characteristics formed by a helical intake port. However there are still many uncertainties. The purpose of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of the valve eccentricity ratio and the inlet flow conditions of a helical intake port on the characteristics of an in-cylinder swirl flow. A steady state flow test rig consisted of ISM(impulse swirl meter), LFM(laminar flow meter) and cylinder head with a helical intake port was used. The swirl ratio(Rs) and mean flow coefficient(Cf(mean)) with inlet flow conditions were measured. The results of these experiment can be summarized as follows. Swirl flow characteristics of a helical intake port are affected by the inlet flow conditions, and especially they are much affected by the length of a manifold runner and the rotational angle of a curved manifold runner.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2002년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.453-458
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• 2002

The feasibility study on supporting a turbocharger rotor on air foil bearing is investigated. Based on finite difference method and Newton-Raphson method, the static equilibrium position of a turbocharger rotor is predicted. And using finite difference method and perturbation method, dynamic characteristics of air foil bearings are calculated. Rotordynamic analysis is performed by finite element method, with collaboration of calculated stiffness and damping of foil bearing. The effect of compliance and clearance of bump foil bearing on the oil-free turbocharger is investigated in terms of rotordynamics. And the critical speeds, eccentricity ratio, vibration amplitude, and stability are considered. It is demonstrated that foil bearings offer a rlausible replacement for oil-lubricated bearings in turbocharger.