• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.233-243
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• 2021

This study examined the longitudinal effects of media usage by early school-age children and of maternal parenting stress on children's school adjustment. The study focused on the mediating effect of executive function difficulty. Longitudinal data to examine the hypothetical model were drawn from the eighth (2015) through tenth (2017) waves of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) collected by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (KICCE). A total of 581 children (293 boys and 288 girls) and their mothers were included. Confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation model, and bootstrapping analysis were applied using SPSS 25.0 and Amos 26.0. The results are as follows. First, no significant correlation was found between early school-age children's media usage and maternal parenting stress. Second, neither media usage by early school-age children nor maternal parenting stress were found to directly affect children's school adjustment. Third, media usage by early school-age children and maternal parenting stress were shown to indirectly affect children's school adjustment via executive function difficulties. In other words, higher levels of media usage by early school-age children and maternal parenting stress during the first grade lead to greater executive function difficulties after a year, which, in turn, lead to a lower level of school adjustment in the third grade. This study indicates the need to develop practical support for the psychological wellbeing of mothers while they are performing their role as a parent and for children in maintaining suitable levels of media usage during early childhood.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2017

본 연구는 예비유아교사의 자기효능감과 자아탄력성이 SNS중독경향성에 영향을 미치는 변인들의 예측력을 규명하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 수도권 I전문대학 유아교육과 1, 2, 3학년 학생 117명을 대상으로 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하였으며 수집된 데이터를 바탕으로 중다회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 자기효능감과 자아탄력성이 SNS중독경향성에 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 자기효능감과 자아탄력성이 예비유아교사의 SNS중독경향성을 예측하는데 있어 유의미하게 설명해 주는 변인임을 알 수 있었다. 위와 같은 결과를 통해 예비유아교사의 SNS중독 예방 지원 방안으로 자기효능감과 자아탄력성을 증진시킬 수 있는 구체적인 방안이 고려되어야 함을 시사한다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2009

The effect of aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of super duplex stainless steel with W was investigated. The phase was precipitated mainly at the early stage of aging and a lower aging temperature under $750^{\circ}C$, but the phase was formed after long-term aging treatment between $600^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$. The volume fraction of the phase increased with aging temperature up to $750^{\circ}C$ and then decreased up to $900^{\circ}C$. With an increase in the aging time, the volume fraction phase at the early stage of aging increased slightly, and then increased rapidly beyond a certain time. The rapid increase in the tensile strength and hardness and decrease in the elongation and impact toughness were measured with aging temperatures up to $750^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the tensile strength and hardness decreased slightly, and the elongation and Charpy impact toughness were unchanged with aging temperatures over $750^{\circ}C$. The tensile strength and hardness increased rapidly at the early stage of aging, and then increased slowly beyond a certain time. The elongation and Charpy impact toughness decreased rapidly at the early stage of aging, and then remained unchanged beyond a certain time. The phase that formed at the early stage of aging and the lower aging temperature had a considerable effect on the elongation and Charpy impact toughness of the super duplex stainless steel with W.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.329-340
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• 2022

본 연구는 게이미피케이션을 활용한 교직수업이 예비유아교사의 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 실시되었다. 이를 위해, 경기도에 소재한 A대학의 2022학년도 유아교육과 신입생 75명을 대상으로 1학기 중 12주 동안 8차례의 게이미피케이션 적용 수업을 실시하였다. 학업적 자기효능감과 학습몰입에 대한 게이미피케이션 활용 수업의 효과를 살펴보기 위해 두 차례의 검사에 모두 성실히 답변한 65명의 자료를 분석하였으며, 사전-사후 검사에 대한 대응표본 t-test가 실시되었다. 연구 결과, 게이미피케이션을 활용한 교직수업은 예비 유아교사의 학업적 자기효능감과 그 하위 요소인 자신감을 유의미하게 향상시켰으며, 예비 유아교사의 학습몰입과 그 하위요소인 인지적 학습몰입에 긍정적 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 게이미피케이션 활용 수업의 효과를 입증하였으며, 게이미피케이션 활용 수업의 질적 향상을 위한 후속 연구들을 제안하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quantity of debris which was extruded apically after canal instrumentation using different types of enlarging instrument in endodontic resin models. Five groups of 9 endodontic resin models were instrumented using each different technique : hand instrumentation without early coronal flaring. hand instrumentation after early coronal flaring. and three nickel-titanium engine-driven instrumentations (Hero 642, Protaper, $K^$). Debris extruded from apical foramen during instrumentation was collected on preweighed CBC bottle, desiccated and weighted using electronic balance. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-wallis test and Mann-Whitney U rank sum test at a significance level of 0.05. The results were as follows: 1. All of instrumentation techniques produced apically extruded debris. 2. Group without early coronal flaring extruded significant more debris than groups with early coronal flaring. 3. There was no significant difference among early coronal flaring groups. The early coronal flaring is very important to reduce the amount of debris extruded apically.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.125-144
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of early childhood teachers' music attitude and emotional leadership on their music teaching efficacy in the music education. Methods: 301 early childhood teachers answered the music attitude scale, music teaching efficacy belief instrument, emotional leadership scale, and questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics and music experiences. Data were analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's productive correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: First, early childhood teachers had a higher music teaching efficacy in case of at least 10 years of teaching experiences period, having a post-graduate degree, having a music training experience, enjoying learning musical instruments and singing and listening to music during regular music lessons, and having a long music training experience. Similar results were derived from the subfactors of music teaching efficacy. Second, there were positive correlations(r=.172-.659, p < .001) in the total and subfactors scores among early childhood teachers' music attitude, emotional leadership, and music teaching efficacy. Lastly, early childhood teachers' music attitude and their emotional leadership were explained at 39~52 percent for their music teaching efficacy. Conclusion/Implications: This study suggests that it is important for early childhood teachers' perception of their belief, knowledge and feeling about music education.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2019

Understanding teachers in the early childhood education is crucial as it can not only affect the quality of children's education but also cause many critical problems such as child abuse. A significant amount of research work has been made on the use of robots in childcare classrooms. The finding from the research has shown many advantages such as the improvement of learning performance, social/emotional skills, creativity, concentration period, physical and cognitive development. However, most of the study has been implemented at the K-12 classrooms but not much has been focused on the education at the early childhood classrooms. Importantly, it is very crucial to understand teachers' perception, demands and technical competence about the new teaching tool, in order to maximize its educational effect. This paper investigates some critical issues existing in both teaching and managing in the early childhood education. It will also explore teachers' perceptions and expectations on the use of robots to identify some dilemmas that exist in their working and teaching environment. A survey study was conducted with 119 early childhood educators in South Korea. It analyzed the educators' perception of using robots to improve their teaching performance and to make better outcomes for children, investigated job satisfaction and difficulties that they have in the current work environment. This paper concludes with several guidelines for integrating and setting robotics in the early childhood environment, in order to engender productive outcomes for the future early childhood education.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2009

This study investigated the leadership skills of directors in addition to empowerment and Job satisfaction of teachers in Child Care Centers. The participants were 446 teachers who worked in early childhood educational institutes across Jeju province. The results were as following.: Firstly, transformational leadership significantly affected empowerment. However, individual consideration and transactional leadership from transformational leadership did not significantly affect empowerment. Secondly, individual consideration and intellectual stimulation from transformational leadership had a significant effect on job satisfaction. Also, reward for performance and exceptional management from transactional leadership had a significant effect on the job itself, the relationship, the working environment, and salary package among sub-variables in job satisfaction.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.147-162
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• 2015

This study examined the role of after-school caregiver absence in the relationship between school adjustment and mobile phone dependency during early adolescence. Sixth grade students(N=1,863) from the nationally representative Korea Child and Youth Panel Study were analyzed using moderated multiple regression models. The results showed that higher school adjustment may be effective in reducing youth mobile phone dependency. There was also a significant interaction effect between school adjustment and high caregiver absence, indicating that the protective role of school adjustment concerning mobile phone dependency may be less effective among youth of highest risk. Policy implications of the results are also discussed.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.387-388
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 촉진제로서 염화칼슘($CaCl_2$)을 첨가한 모르타르의 수화 촉진효과를 검토하기 위하여 관입저항시험과 초음파속도 측정기를 이용하여 응결시간을 추정하였으며, 염화칼슘의 초기 강도에 대한 영향을 알아보기 위하여 압축강도를 측정하였다.