• International Area Studies Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.123-146
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• 2012

In this paper, we did on the new theory, policy, institution and legal research on the international competition order and justice society for 21st century. At first, we introduced the basic of competition law for fairness of trade in the new international market order under WTO. Secondly, we are researched on the economic approach of the competition law, market competition order and justice society in the new globalism. Third, we studied the international circumstance through the analysis of the patterns of the anti-competition practices and the regulation systems for competition order. We also reviewed the execution criteria and precedents of the fairness theory and competition laws in the USA, EU, Japan, and Korea, briefly. Finally, we presented to the alternative policies that based on our study about the new theory, policy, institution, competition law in opinion from reach the international market competition, fairness society and economic justice for 21st century under WTO.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.61-80
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• 2009

Information and Communication Technology is now widely accepted by developing countries as a development tool in their efforts to alleviate poverty, enhance human development, and achieve Millennium Development Goals. Recognizing this untapped potential and development strategies incorporating ICT are being increasingly promoted and launched across the developing countries requiring a comprehensive ICT policy that plays a crucial rule, in particular, in the area of agriculture and rural development. While the potential advantages of ICT for development are enormous in developed countries, national policies of developing countries are yet to adequately reflect truly comprehensive and integrated strategies for harnessing and exploiting this potential. This paper tries to provide implication of ICT policy to the agriculture and rural development in developing countries, in particular through lessons learned from European Union (EU) IT policy. Through the examination of vital projects in the agriculture and rural development sectors and case study analysis of applied policies and strategies implemented in the European Union, this paper provides tangible examples and lessons for policy-makers and practitioners involved in the field. Hence, this study provides policy-makers the necessary tools, information and knowledge to facilitate the formulation and adoption of ICT policies and strategies in the agriculture and rural development sector.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, $CO_2$ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based $CO_2$ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target $CO_2$ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based $CO_2$ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

The United Nations (UN) has tried to make international agreement to restrict artificial greenhouse gas emissions and the UN has concluded the UN Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto protocol. Moreover, in 2012, the European Union announced that they will enforce the Directive 2008/101/EC. Therefore, after 2012, aircraft carriers that depart or arrive from EU will follow that regulation. For these reasons, Korea should prepare systematic and effective policy to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities. The purpose of this study is to find out effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities through research by countries all over the world. Here are the 4 measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from Aviation activities that were found through research UK and Japan's policies. First, Korea should implement aggressive incentive policies. Providing proper incentive can attract voluntary participation of aircraft carriers to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Second, the government should adopt environmental tax on use of fossil fuels. Third, Korea should adopt the greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Lastly, the Korea government should pull in with the international community to establish world-wide environmental policies.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.262-268
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• 2011

According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), many countries around the world have been concerned with reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing the level of building energy consumption is particularly important in bringing GHG down. Because of this, many countries including the US and the EU are enforcing energy-related policies. However, these policies are focused on management of single types of buildings such as public buildings and office buildings, instead of management on a national level. Thus, although various policies have been enforced in many countries, CO₂ management on a national level is still not an area of focus. Therefore, this study proposed a community-based CO₂ management process that allows government-led GHG management. The minimum unit of the community in this study is a plot, and the process consists of three steps. First, the current condition of the GHG emission was identified by plot. Second, based on the identified results, the GHG emission reduction target was distributed per plot by reflecting the weighted value according to (i) the target CO₂ reduction in the buildings in the standard year, (ii) region, and (iii) building usage and size. Finally, to achieve the allocated target reduction, building energy management was executed according to the properties of the building located on each plot. It can be expected that the proposed community-based CO₂ management process will enable government-level GHG management, through which environment-friendly building construction can be promoted.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-110
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• 2023

The purpose of this research is to explore the relation between Brexit and division in various areas within the British society. This research can lead to understanding how division of the British society and the decision of Brexit was mutually influenced. The UK's withdrawal from the EU has been explained mainly through the relations between the EU and the UK; therefore, issues of immigration, EU regulation, and the UK's EU rebate are considered as major reasons. In addition, 'British identity' or 'British exceptionalism' existing in the British society and politics for a long time has been regarded as a reason for Brexit. Although it is generally accepted that Brexit results in the division in the British society, the reasons mentioned above have limitation to explain the result of referendum and the division of the British society in the post-Brexit era. In this sense, this research explores the division in various areas - generation, social grade including income and education level, value and region, etc. - revealed in the British society is not the result of Brexit; rather, this research argues division deeply rooted in the British society before referendum is the root cause of Brexit. The division in various areas immanent in the British society for a long time is complicatedly intertwined, and the decision on Brexit by referendum has led to solidifying the division of the British society. Having considered this division in the British society has been expanded to rancour, it is necessary for the UK to establish appropriate policies for national cohesion.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.157-162
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• 2017

International technological cooperation between Korea and Germany is important from a strategic perspective, especially from the view of hub Asian countries around China and Japan. The Korean strategy has emphasized technological cooperation with Germany, an established hub for the EU. However, German and Korean technological cooperation requires supporting policy by the German government for further technological cooperation with Korea. Active support policies for international technical cooperation have been considered for implementation within the main countries. The German government has increasingly recognized Korea as an important partner country. This paper seeks to identify support policies for German small-to-medium size enterprises (SMEs) for greater technological cooperation. Study results found that German SMEs need to strengthen networks in Korea.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-31
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• 2007

The Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control(IPPC) has attracted western developed countries for their idealistic environmental prevention concept which corresponds to the principal of Industrial Ecology. Specially the United Kingdom has been interested in those topics earlier than other countries and carried out environmental prevention polices since 1970's. As a result of these efforts, United Kingdom gave effects EU on developing European IPPC directives. The United Kingdom recognized the importance of the integrated pollution control through the report of Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution(RCEP) in 1976. Further, the United Kingdom developed the report and resulted the Integrated Pollution Control Directives under Environmental Protection Law in 1990. In the process of the legislation, it established and developed the concept of Best Practicable Environmental Option(BPEO) for the regulations, administrative systems, and environmental control. These efforts of the United Kingdom has implications for South Korean policies in adopting Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control system. Thus, this study examines IPPC directives to broaden the understanding of the system and develop policies.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.315-341
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• 2022

The goal of this study is to explore and draw implicaitons from international and domestic media and information literacy (MIL) policies and educational systems. To this end, international policy documents issued by UNESCO, IFLA, OECD, and the EU as well as domestic South Korean laws and policies related to MIL and the fuctions of public libraries and related institutions were analyzed. The findings show that international organizations recognize public libraries as institutions that are responsible for providing information access and supporting knowledge sharing for citizens within and outside of formal education systems. Additionally, public libraries are seen as institutions responsible for supporting lifelong learning and civic education, as well as improving media, information, and digital literacy skills of their communities. In South Korea, the Library Act gives public libraries and librarians responsibility for improving citizens' MIL to support the public's right to know and to narrow the information gap. However, the functions of public libraries and librarians in South Korea have been limited or excluded in the domestic MIL policies. This study concludes that public libraries and librarians are responsible for reducing the information gap among citizens and should actively participate in policy development to improve citizens' MIL skills.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.281-281
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• 2009

Although national and regional environmentally friend agriculture (EFA) and food development programmes such as the Life-Food Development Plan (LFDP) have been established in Korea, some policy measures in these programmes seem to be unsuitable for Korean organic farming development. Policy measures tend to support external input purchases of organic fertilizers rather than market development actions such as providing consumer information, research, education, training and statistical data collection. The development of an organic action plan (OAP) for Korea is therefore considered essential for the sustainable future of organic farming in Korea. The purposes of OAP are 1) to define and set the clear goals/targets for the organic sector development, 2) to integrate various organic stakeholders and public institutions in partnership, 3)to focus on specific issues with tailored measures and 4) to integrate and develop different policy measures (Stolze, 2005). Most EU member state countries have developed their own OAPs and each reflects its own priorities with regard to organic sector development. This study compares and contrasts the Welsh, England and EU OAP with the Korean Jeonnam Life-Food Development Plan (LFDP) in order to facilitate the development of the organic food and farming sector in Korea. Early action plan, for example, the first Welsh OAP(1999) focused support on developing the supply of organic products whereas later action plans (e.g. England OAPs in 2002 and 2004 and the second Welsh OAP in 2005) focussed more on developing consumer demands for organic products. The EU OAP (2004) also aims at market support related to consumer demand and then organic farming production for its environmental and other social benefits. OAPs not only provide specific issue-solving tools but also perform a role as providing a focus for organic sector development as a whole. The Korean LFDP provides issue-solving tools but plays no regulatory role such as policy development, harmonizing various policy measures and conflicting factors and providing evaluation tools for further development. A national-level OAP could also facilitate international trade of organic products. To achieve better harmonized and sustainable approaches for the Korean organic industry, National- as well as regional- regulatory policy systems are urgently required in the form of an Organic Action Plan.