• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2003

In the design of the split type free displacer Stilting cryocooler the motion of the displacer is very important to decide the cooling capacity, which depends upon the working gas pressure, the swept volume in the compression space and the expansion space, operating frequency, the phase shift between piston and displacer, etc. In this study, Stirling cryocooler actuated by the electric farce of the dual linear motor is designed and manufactured. Cool down characteristics of the cold end with laser displacement sensor in the expander of the Stilting cryocooler is evaluated. The charging pressure was 15kg$_{f}$/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and operating frequency was 50Hz. Input power and the lowest temperature were about 32W and 67K, respectively. And, displacement of the piston is measured by LVDTs (Linear Variable Differential Transformers), displacement of thedisplacer is measured by laser optic method, and phase shift between piston and displacer is discussed. As the peak-to-peak pressure of the compressor was increased, peak-to-peak displacement of the displacer was increased. The peak-to-peak displacement of the displacer increases in the range of 0 - 64.5Hz(resonant frequency of the displacer), but decreases steeply when the operating frequency is bigger than the resonant frequency. Finally when the phase shift between displacements of the Piston and displacer is 45。, operating frequency is optimum and is decided by resonant frequency of the expander, mass and cross section area of the displacer and constant by friction and flow resistance.e.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2012

The bond strength of three types of $TiO_2$ coatings onto fluorine-doped $SnO_2$ (FTO) glass was investigated with the aid of a tape test according to ASTM D 3359-95. Transmittance was then measured using an UV-vis spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 300 nm to 800 nm to evaluate the extent of adhesion of $TiO_2$ nanorods/nanoparticles on FTO glass. A sharp interface between the coating layer and the substrate was observed for single $TiO_2$ coating ($TiO_2$ nanorods/FTO glass), which may be detrimental to the bonding strength. In multicoating sample ($TiO_2$ nanorod/$TiO_2$ nanoparticle/$TiO_2$ nanoparticle/FTO glass), the tape test was not performed due to severe peeling-off prior to the test. On the other hand, the dual coating sample ($TiO_2$ nanorod/$TiO_2$ nanoparticle/FTO glass) showed minimum variation of transmittance (4%) after the test, suggesting that the topcoat adheres well with the FTO substrate due to the presence of the $TiO_2$ nanoparticle buffer layer. The use of a $TiO_2$ nanorod electrode layer with good adhesion may be attributed to the excellent dye sensitized solar cell performance.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.71-81
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• 2008

This paper proposes a spectral element which can represent dynamic responses in high frequency domain such as Lamb waves on a thin plate. A two layer beam model under 2-D plane strain condition is introduced to simulate high-frequency dynamic responses induced by piezoelectric layer (PZT layer) bonded on a base plate. In the two layer beam model, a PZT layer is assumed to be rigidly bonded on a base beam. Mindlin-Herrmann and Timoshenko beam theories are employed to represent the first symmetric and anti-symmetric Lamb wave modes on a base plate, respectively. The Bernoulli beam theory and 1-D linear piezoelectricity are used to model the electro-mechanical behavior of a PZT layer. The equations of motions of a two layer beam model are derived through Hamilton's principle. The necessary boundary conditions associated with electro mechanical properties of a PZT layer are formulated in the context of dual functions of a PZT layer as an actuator and a sensor. General spectral shape functions of response field and the associated boundary conditions are formulated through equations of motions converted into frequency domain. A detailed spectrum element formulation for composing the dynamic stiffness matrix of a two layer beam model is presented as well. The validity of the proposed spectral element is demonstrated through comparison results with the conventional 2-D FEM and the previously developed spectral elements.

• 센서학회지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.401-408
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• 1998

교류전압표준기인 열전형 전압변환기의 교류-직류 변환오차를 비교평가하기 위하여 이중채널방식 자동측정시스템을 개발하였다. 비교측정되는 2대의 변환기출력을 동시에 측정하여 드리프트의 영향을 감소시켰고, 또 저열기전력 이중채널 스캐너를 사용하여 변환기 출력을 순방향-역방향으로 측정하여 그 평균값을 취함으로서 전압측정기의 ���V전압이 제거되도록 하였다. 정격전압이 동일한 4 V인 변환기끼리 비교 측정한 결과, 주파수 $40\;Hz{\sim}100\;kHz$에서는 외국표준기관에서의 측정값과 약 ${\pm}2\;ppm$ 이내에서 일치하였으며, $200\;kHz{\sim}1\;MHz$ 범위에서는 약 ${\pm}4\;ppm$ 이내에서 일치하였다. 본 시스템의 개발로 변환기의 교류-직류 변환오차의 측정능력을 기존수동방식의 약 ${\pm}15\;ppm$에서 ${\pm}\;3ppm$(100 kHz 이하)로 크게 향상시켰으며, 표준유지 및 산업체 지원의 효율을 크게 높일 수 있게 되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-37
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• 2011

The microcantilever (MCL) sensor is one of the most promising platforms for next-generation label-free biosensing applications. It outperforms conventional label-free detection methods in terms of portability and parallelization. In this paper, an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the coupling between biomolecular interactions and MCL responses is given. A dual compact optical MCL sensing platform was built to enable biosensing experiments both in gas-phase environments and in solutions. The thermal bimorph effect was found to be an effective nanomanipulator for the MCL platform calibration. The study of the alkanethiol self-assembly monolayer (SAM) chain length effect revealed that 1-octanethiol ($C_8H_{17}SH$) induced a larger deflection than that from 1-dodecanethiol ($C_{12}H_{25}SH$) in solutions. Using the clinically relevant biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP), we revealed that the analytical sensitivity of the MCL reached a diagnostic level of $1{\sim}500{\mu}g/ml$ within a 7% coefficient of variation. Using grazing incident x-ray diffractometer (GIXRD) analysis, we found that the gold surface was dominated by the (111) crystalline plane. Moreover, using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, we confirmed that the Au-S covalent bonds occurred in SAM adsorption whereas CRP molecular bindings occurred in protein analysis. First principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations were also used to examine biomolecular adsorption mechanisms. Multiscale modeling was then developed to connect the interactions at the molecular level with the MCL mechanical response. The alkanethiol SAM chain length effect in air was successfully predicted using the multiscale scheme.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2017

A 2U cube satellite called SNUGLITE has been developed by GNSS Research Laboratory in Seoul National University. Its main mission is to perform actual operation by mounting dual-frequency global positioning system (GPS) receivers. Its scientific mission aims to observe space environments and collect data. It is essential for a cube satellite to control an Earth-oriented attitude for reliable and successful data transmission and reception. To this end, an attitude estimation and control algorithm, Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS), has been implemented in the on-board computer (OBC) processor in real time. In this paper, the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) was employed as the attitude estimation algorithm. For the attitude control technique, the Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) was utilized. The algorithm was verified through the processor in the loop simulation (PILS) procedure. To validate the ADCS algorithm in the ground, the experimental verification via a single axis Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) was used due to the simplicity and cost effectiveness, rather than using the 3-axis HILS verification (Schwartz et al. 2003) with complex air-bearing mechanism design and high cost.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3681-3689
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• 2013

This study explored a direct SET-photochemical strategy to construct a new family of thioene conjugated-naphthalamide fluorophore based lariat-crown ethers which show strong binding properties towards heavy metal ions. Irradiations of designed nitrogen branched (trimethylsilyl)methylthio-terminated polyethylenoxy-tethered naphthalimides in acidic methanol solutions have led to highly efficient photocyclization reactions to generate naphthalamide based lariat type thiadiazacrown ethers directly in chemo- and regio-selective manners which undergo very facile secondary dehydration reactions during separation processes to produce their corresponding amidoenethio ether cyclic products tethered with electron donating diethyleneoxy- and diethyenethio-side arm chains. Fluorescence and metal cation binding properties of the lariat type enamidothio products were examined. The photocyclized amidoenethio products, thioene conjugated naphthalamide fluorophore containing lariat-thiadiazacrowns exhibited strong fluorescence emissions in region of 330-450 nm along with intramolecular exciplex emissions in region of 450-560 nm with their maxima at 508 nm. Divalent cation $Hg^{2+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ showed strong binding to sulfur atom(s) in side arm chain and atoms in enethiadiazacrown ether rings which led to significant enhancement of fluorescence from its chromophore singlet excited state and concomitant quenching of exciplex emission. The dual fluorescence emission responses towards divalent cations might provide a new guide for design and development of fluorescence sensors for detecting those metals.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권12B호
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• pp.2298-2319
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 최근 들어 본격적인 연구개발이 활성화되고 있는 무선 데이터 통신서비스를 근간으로 한 미세 정보 감시 시스템(RMIMS : radio interfaced micro information monitoring system or MICROS: micro information and communication remote object-oriented system)에 대한 QoS(quality of service)를 보장하는 새로운 움직이는 기지국(MMBS: moving mobile base station) 서비스 방법을 제안하였다. 미세정보 감시시스템은 독립된 전원 장치 형태로 감시 대상 지역에 영구적으로 혹은 반 영구적으로 배치되므로 매우 저 전력의 시스템 요구 사항을 가진다. 또한 이동서이 작고, 비교적 비 실시간 트래픽 특성과 터미널의 배치 영역에 비해 터미널 수가 작은 특성을 가진다. 상향링크(uplink) 방향의 전송거리가 작고, 특정 일부 지역에 환경오염감시, 안전감시, 재난감시, 군사적인 목적 등 응용서비스에 따라 배치되는 RMIMS 터미널을 서비스하기 위해서는 기존의 셀룰라 망에서 사용되는 고정위치 기지국 방식은 경제성 및 실현성을 제공할 수 없다. 이러한 경우에 RMIMS 터미널들에 대한 정보 수집 데이터 망 (network) 서비스를 위하여 이중 무선 인 股嶽決?dual wireless network interface)을 가지면서 IS-MMBS(in-service MMBS), BS-MMBS(background scanning MMBS)를 사용하는 서비스 구조를 통하여 RMIMS 터미널들에 QoS를 보장하는 무선 데이터 서비스를 제공하는 방법 및 절차들을 제안하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2010

본 논문은 SoC 응용에 가능한 멀티 채널 용량형 터치 센서 유닛과 간단한 공통프로세스 유닛, 스위치 어레이를 포함하여 C-T 방법으로 터치 입력을 처리하는 ASIC을 제안하였다. 본 터치 센서 ASIC은 작은 전류와 칩 면적의 장점을 갖는 C-T 변환 방식에 기반 하여 설계하였으며, 최소 센싱 해상도는 한 카운터 당 41 fF이며, 외부 부품 없이 동작하기 위해 내부 발진기 및 LDO 레귤레이터, $I^2C$를 내장하였다. 본 ASIC은 0.18 um CMOS공정으로 구현되어 있으며, 1.8 V와 3.3 V 전원을 사용한다. 전체 소비 전력은 60 uA이고, 면적은 0.26 $mm^2$이다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.115-122
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• 1997

집적된 수동소자의 변동에 의한 RC 시상수 변동을 보정하는 on-chip 자동 보정(tuning)회로를 제안된 적분레벨 근사화 기법을 이용하여 설계하였다. 이 방법은 기존의 이중경사 보정회로가 갖는 결점인 미발생 코드 존재와 오류코드 발생을 해결할 수 있으며, 보정코드가 정상적인 동작을 할 때는 고정되기 때문에 집적회로에서 처리되는 신호의 변조를 유발하지 않는다. 이 보정회로는 적분기와 간단한 A/D 변환기 및 디지탈 제어 회로로 구성되며, 집적회로내의 모든 커패시터는 커패시터 열로 대체된 후 설정된 RC 시상수를 유지하도록 보정회로에 의해서 프로그램 된다. 설계된 자동 보정회로에 의하여 ${\pm}50%$의 시상수 변동율을 갖는 집적 시스템의 RC 시상수 오차범위는 4비트 보정로드의 경우 $-9.74{\sim}+9.69%$로 측정되었다.