• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.699-704
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a development method for a drowsiness detection system using retinex theory and edge information for vehicle safety. Detection of a drowsy state of a driver is very important because the drowsiness of driver is often the main cause of many car accidents. After acquiring an image of the entire face, we executed the pre-process step using the retinex theory. We then applied a technique for the detection of the white pixels using edge information. Experimental results showed that the proposed method improved the accuracy of detecting drowsiness to nearly 98%, and can be used to prevent a car accident caused by the driver's drowsiness.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.194-199
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• 2007

최근 차량증가에 따라 교통사고가 날로 증가하고 있고, 안전운전을 위한 보조장치 개발의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 특히 교통사고 원인중 운전자의 졸음으로 인한 사고가 30%에 달하고 있어 졸음운전 예방장치의 개발이 시급한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 졸음운전예방을 위한 효율적인 졸음경보 장치시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 HRV와 안구활동 신호를 BP(역전파알고리즘)을 이용 보다 더 정확한 측정 및 판단을 행하여 운전자에게 음성경고를 보내주는 방식이다. 제안된 방식은 기존의 연구된 피부전기활동, 영상처리를 이용한 졸음운전 감지 시스템, 심박변동신호 분석 방법보다 훨씬 효율적인 졸음경보를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.397-400
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• 2015

The simultaneous occurrence of an intracranial and a spinal subdural hematoma (SDH) is rare. We describe a case of cranial SDH with a simultaneous spinal SDH. An 82-year-old woman visited the emergency room because of drowsiness and not being able to walk 6 weeks after falling down. A neurological examination showed a drowsy mentality. Brain computed tomography showed bilateral chronic SDH with an acute component. The patient underwent an emergency burr-hole trephination and hematoma removal. She exhibited good recovery after the operation. On the fourth postoperative day, she complained of low-back pain radiating to both lower limbs, and subjective weakness of the lower limbs. Spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed a thoracolumbosacral SDH. A follow-up spinal magnetic resonance imaging study that was performed 16 days later showed a significant decrease in the size of the spinal SDH. We discuss the pathogenesis of this simultaneous occurrence of spinal and cranial SDH.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.254-256
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• 2012

Intracranial hypotension syndrome typically occurs spontaneously or iatrogenically. It can be associated with headache, drowsy mentality and intracranial heamorrhage, Iatrogenic intracranial hypotension can occur due to dural pucture, trauma and spine surgery. Treatment may include conservative therapy and operation. We report a case of a 54-year-old man who was successfully treated with epidural blood patches for intracranial hypotension due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage into the lumbosacral area after spine surgery.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.354-360
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• 2015

Purpose. The purpose of this study was conducted to identify college students' sleep type and awareness of sleep. Methods. We researched 250 students in a college using the Korean Translation of Composite Scale(KtCS) and awareness of sleep questionnaire. Results. The sleeping hour of college students was 395.28 minute in average. The research showed that the biggest reason for the lack of sleep is using the computer, mobile and watching TV(22.6%), and most of them said that the lack of sleep is causing drowsiness during the daytime( 29.2%). For the questions asking when they feel drowsy during the daytime, most of them forcing themselves to stay awake(29.2%) and they caught up on sleep on the weekend(32.5%). Conclusions. Therefore college students to keep relevant sleep time and to know about the importance of the sleep.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.66-69
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• 2017

We introduce a patient who was suffered from isolated traumatic bilateral oculomotor nerve palsy after head trauma. The patient presented with bilateral ptosis and abnormal pupilary responses with slightly drowsy mentality at first. Performed images demonstrated some hematomas along subarachnoid, intraventricular, subdural spaces and multiple small supratentorial contusions. There was no bony abnormality or ligament injury. We assumed that small amount of interpeduncular hematoma might be the proper lesion associated with oculomotor nerve palsies, since the clinical symptom and signs presented bilaterally and the oculomotor neural fascicles run through the interpeduncular fossa.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.131-134
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• 2006

The cerebral vasospasm after clipping surgery of unruptured aneurysm is uncommon. A 44-year-old man with unruptured left middle cerebral artery[MCA] aneurysm had clipping surgery. From the third postoperative day, he presented with drowsy mentality, dysphasia and right hemiparesis. Computed tomographic scans showed low density area in frontotemporal lobe and midline shift. Transfemoral cerebral angiography revealed severe vasospasm in supraclinoid internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, and MCA on the operative side. We performed left frontotemporoparietal craniectomy and hypertensive-hypervolemic therapy. He recovered without neurological deficits but for dysphasia. Neurosurgeon should be alert to the possibility of vasospasm after clipping surgery even in case of unruptured cerebral aneurysm.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.85-95
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to analyze factors affecting traffic accident severity for determining countermeasures on freeway climbing lanes. METHODS : In this study, an ordered probit model, which is a widely used discrete choice model for categorizing crash severity, was employed. RESULTS : Results suggest that factors affecting traffic accident severity on climbing lanes include speed, drowsy driving, grade of uphill 3%, gender (male offender and male victim), and cloud weather. CONCLUSIONS : Several countermeasures are proposed for improving traffic safety on freeway climbing lanes based on the analysis of crash severity. More extensive analysis with a larger data set and various modeling techniques are required for generalizing the results.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.397-400
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• 2009

This article presents the case of a bilateral chronic subdural hematoma which was contaminated with Klebsiella pneumoniae and resulted in a life-threatening central nervous system infection. After repeated of bilateral burr-hole drainage, the patient became hyperpyrexic and drowsy. Suppuration within the subdural space was suspected and then the patient underwent bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal craniotomies, and pus was evacuated. Its cultures revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae. Intravenous meropenem was given for 6 weeks. He recovered completely. Microorganisms like Klebsiella pneumoniae may directly infect the subdural space with iatrogenic contamination.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.10a
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• pp.572-577
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• 1994

The automatic detection of artifacts and vigilance level as for pre-processing of the automatic EEG interpretation are discussed. The equations for detecting artifacts and vigilance level were determined such that they would conform to the procedures that an EEGer (one of the authors, H.S.) usually adopts for visual inspection of the actual EEG record. The automatic EEG interpretation was found to be improved by the newly developed pre-processing method even will artifact contamination or in drowsy condition of the subjects.