• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.54-67
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• 2013

The main purpose of this study is to analyze the diversion rate by the levels of delay and the types of display. For this study, we developed the logit model by analyzing the result of SP survey of drivers who have driver's licence after manipulating a virtual driving simulator. The result of analysis was that the types of display was not statistically significant to the diversion rate. On the other hand, the levels of delay was very meaningful factor with the diversion rate. When the main road was flowing smoothly, drivers started to detour at the levels of delay 125% under the traffic free flow state. Similarly, when the levels of delay got worse, the diversion rate kept the same percentage as it was at the levels of delay 125% state which represented a smooth road condition. Likewise, when the main road's traffic flow was slow, drivers appeared to make detours at the same state of the levels of delay 125%. It was found that as the levels of delay got worse, the diversion rose higher than the diversion rate at the condition of slow traffic flow situation with the levels of delay 125%. The result of this study suggests the criterion of drivers detour point. For the conclusion, the result of study would be a reasonable reference for establishing transportation strategies by reflecting drivers' detouring property and would improve the efficiency of traffic flow.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.127-136
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• 2017

The purpose of the study was to investigate the awareness of basic emergency care by private ambulance drivers. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 300 private ambulance drivers in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon from February 20 to April 1, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of basic life support related airway management(3 items), respiratory management(9 items), circulation(4 items), consciousness(4 items), and infection control(3 items). The awareness of infection control accounted for 87% and emergency care including airway, breathing, consciousness, and respiration was 60%. The knowledge of emergency care was 15.20(maximum 23.0 points). Consciousness was 2.55(maximum 4.0), airway management was 2.08(maximum 3.0), respiration was 5.35(maximum 9.0), circulation was 2.56(maximum 4.0), and infection control was 2.64(maximum 4.0). In order to improve the quality of private ambulance drivers, it is important to develop the emergency care program and expansion.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2010

Management of driver hours of service (HOS) for commercial vehicle operators has been a continual safety challenge. One of the more critical issues to government and motor carriers is fatigue and fatigue-related accidents. To reduce truck drivers’fatigue-related accident risk in other countries, the government issued the HOS regulations. However, korea government does not have any HOS regulations. The objective of this research gives the clues that korea should have the HOS regulation to reduce truck drivers’fatigue-related accident risk. This study examines the HOS regulation over other countries and conducts relative accident risk analysis using the real data from 3 freight companies. The data set includes 231 accident involved drivers and 462 non-accident drivers. Therefore, the size of the total data set is 693 drivers. One of the most important aspects of early studies of safety and HOS was the need to characterize continuous driving by using the notion of "survival". Subsequent research used a data replication scheme and logistic regression to capture the survival effect. This study uses time-dependent logistic regression. The test of significance between parameters indicates that the first three hours are almost the same risk. In the 10th hour of driving, the risk was more than 2.2times that in the baseline first hour. In conclusion, as driving time goes on, the crash risk increases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the secondary tasks such as sending text message (STM) and searching navigation (SN) on skin conductance level (SCL) and driving performance of relatively aged and high-experienced drivers. The subjects included 26 taxi drivers; 12 males aged $56.3{\pm}4.4$ with $28.4{\pm}6.4$ years of driving experiences and 14 females aged $55.5{\pm}3.5$ with $19.4{\pm}5.0$ years of driving experiences. All subjects were instructed to keep a constant following distance (30m) from the car ahead and a given vehicle speed (80km/h or 100km/h) in a driving simulator. The relative change of SCL, vehicle velocity deviations, and average following distances were measured during driving only and driving with secondary tasks. The relative change of SCL, average following distance, and vehicle velocity deviation were more increased during the driving with secondary tasks than driving only. The relative change of SCL, vehicle velocity deviation, and average following distance were more affected by driving with 100km/hr than 80km/hr of a given vehicle speed. Secondary tasks increased a work load of drivers in term of SCL change, and decreased driving performance in terms of the vehicle velocity deviation and average following distance.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.232-244
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• 2002

This study investigated the correlation between health-related habits and the biochemical characteristics of the blood of Korean bus drivers. A total of 178 bus drivers working in the Masan area participated in this study. The general characteristics and health-related habits of the subjects were surveyed using a serf-administered questionnaire. The biochemical date were collected from regular health check-ups done through their workshop health insurance company in lune, 1999. The results were as follows : The average age of the subjects was 38 years, and 44.2% had a driving career of between 10 and 19 years. About 90% of the subjects ate irregularly, and 36% ate. health floods. Their rates of drinking, smoking and exercise were 74.6%, 83.6% and 70.8%, respectively. Their frequency of drinking was significantly increased as the length of their driving career increased (p < 0.001). Their levels of total serum cholesterol, in relation to the length of their driving career was significantly higher in the over 20 year group than in the below 10 year group (p < 0.05). Their systolic blood pressures, according to age, were significantly higher in the 51 to 60 age group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Their total um cholesterol levels signiscantly increased with increasing age (p < 0.001). Their diastolic blood pressures (p < 0.001) and blood glucose levels (p < 0.05) were significantly higher among the subjects who drinking alcohol almost everyday, than among other subjects. Their systolic blood pressures who significantly increased with increasing frequency of their drinking (p < 0.001). The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were positively related to age, the amount of drinking, the frequency of drinking and the obesity index, and negatively related to exercise and the duration of exercise. The hemoglobin was positively related to age, preference for a meat diet and the obesity index. The blood glucose was positively related to the amount of drinking, and the total serum cholesterol was positively related to age, length of driving career, period of smoking and the obesity index. The results of this study indicated that bus drivers need regular exercise, moderation of their drinking and smoking, and control of their body weights so as to prevent chronic diseases.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.779-793
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• 2021

Water stress and environmental drivers are important factors to explain the variance of gross primary production (GPP). Environmental drivers are used to generate GPP in Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) algorithm and process-based model. However, MODIS algorithm only consider the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) data while the process-based biogeochemical model also uses limited data to express water stress. We compared the relationship between environmental drivers and GPP from eddy covariance method, MODIS algorithm, and Community Land Model 4 (CLM 4) simulation in normal years and drought years. To consider water stress specifically, we used VPD and evaporative fraction (EF). We evaluated the effects from environmental drivers and EF towards GPP products using the structural equation modeling (SEM) in South Korea. We found that GPP products from MODIS algorithm and model simulation results were not restricted from VPD data if VPD was underestimated. We also found that in the cropland area, irrigation effects can relieve VPD effects to GPP. However, GPP products derived from MODIS and CLM 4 had limitation to explain the irrigation effects to GPP. Overall, these results will enhance the understanding of GPP products derived from MODIS and CLM 4.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.28-41
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• 2022

A road system with CV(Connected Vehicle)s, which is often referred to as a cooperative intelligent transportation system (C-ITS), provides various road information to drivers using an in-vehicle warning system. Road environments with CVs induce drivers to reduce their speed or change lanes to avoid potential risks downstream. Such avoidance maneuvers can be considered to improve driving behaviors from a traffic safety point of view. Thus, empirically evaluating how a given in-vehicle warning information affects driving behaviors, and monitoring of the correlation between them are essential tasks for traffic operators. To quantitatively evaluate the effect of in-vehicle warning information, this study develops a method to calculate compliance rate of drivers where two groups of speed profile before and after road information is provided are compared. In addition, conventional indexes (e.g., jerk and acceleration noise) to measure comfort of passengers are examined. Empirical tests are conducted by using PVD (Probe Vehicle Data) and DTG (Digital Tacho Graph) data to verify the individual effects of warning information based on C-ITS constructed in Seoul metropolitan area in South Korea. The results in this study shows that drivers tend to decelerate their speed as a response to the in-vehicle warning information. Meanwhile, the in-vehicle warning information helps drivers to improve the safety and comport of passengers.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.12
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• pp.469-481
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• 2016

Freight car accidents occur frequently and have a high mortality. In this reason, freight can insurance fee has been raised drastically. But speeding and overloading of trucks are still not decreased. We need to consider a measure about voluntary safe driving of truck drivers. We select UBI(Usage-Based insurance) as a measure for safe driving of truck drivers. UBI is a car insurance system and insurance fee is flexible. If vehicle drivers drive safely, insurance fee is discounted. The other way, if vehicle drivers drive dangerously, insurance fee is increased. In now, very high insurance fee for truck drivers, UBI is a effective way for leading a truck driver to safe driving. The most important thing in UBI is to evaluate truck driver rationally and accurately. In this paper, we select the reasons of truck accidents and develop driving evaluation model from multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis with accident reasons and truck accidents.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.2D
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• pp.127-134
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• 2010

Tunnel sections on the highway are different from rest of sections on the highway in terms of velocity, the number of passing cars, and vehicle density which, in particular, affect drivers' behavior before and after drivers pass through the tunnel. However, literature review reveals that former studies are too focused on quantitative indicator to consider qualitative aspects. Therefore, this paper conducts survey questionnaire and IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) to find out qualitative improvements on velocity drop on the tunnel sections. The results show as follows: First, drivers require improvements of tunnel form (length and curved form inside tunnel) which is derived from long distance tunnel. Second, experts primarily ask for amendment of geometric characteristics. With comparison of requirements of both drivers and experts, there are many differences in length of tunnel and form of curved tunnel. This also presents that drivers don't satisfy with both length of tunnel and form of curved tunnel that are provided as a part of highway design factors.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.175-197
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• 2011

This study aimed to expand and reconstruct the Driving Behavior Determinants' factors in order to confirm the relationship between Driving Behavior Determinants(DBD) and drivers' reckless driving behavior level. To expand the structure of DBD, drivers anger, introversion and type A characteristics were added, which were never considered as related factors in existing DBD studies before. The correlations between the new factors of DBD and reckless driving behavior(includes driver's personal records of driving experiences for the last three years) were verified. A factor analysis result showed us that new DBD questionnaire consists of five factors such as, 'Problem Evading', 'Benefits/Sensation Seeking', 'Anti-personal Anxiety', 'Anti-personal Anger', and 'Aggression'. Also, reckless driving behavior consists of 'Speeding', 'Inexperienced Coping', 'Wild Driving', 'Drunken Driving', and 'Distraction'. The result of correlation between the DBD and reckless driving behavior indicates that inappropriate level of DBD is highly correlated with dangerous driving behavior and strong possibilities of traffic accidents. Based on these results, we might be able to discriminate drivers according to DBD level and predict their reckless driving behavior through a standardization procedure. Futhermore, this will make us to provide drivers differentiated safety education service.