• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of neglected Achilles tendon rupture treated with reconstruction and augmentation with flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon using one incision technique. Materials and Methods: Between July 2006 and March 2008, eleven patients with neglected Achilles tendon rupture received surgical treatment. Through one incision technique, augmentation with auto FHL tendon transfer was performed using a Bio-Interference screw (Arthrex, Naples, FL) and followed by V-Y advancement (5 cases) or gastronemius fascial turn-down flap procedure (6 cases). After mean follow up of 20.7 months (range, 11.8-33.3 weeks), clinical outcomes were evaluated with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, 10 repetitive double heel raise test, 10 repetitive single heel raise test and subjective satisfaction. Results: The length of the gap after debridement was $5.4{\pm}2.0$ cm. The VAS improved from $4.1{\pm}0.9$ to $1.5{\pm}0.8$ at last follow up (p<0.05). The AOFAS score increased from $38.9{\pm}12.2$ to $91.5{\pm}8.9$ at last follow up (p<0.05). Eight patients were satisfied with excellent results and three were satisfied with good results. All patients were able to perform 10 repetitive double heel raise and nine out of eleven patients were able to perform 10 repetitive single heel raise at last follow up. There were no complications including deep infection or re-rupture. Conclusion: Augmentation with FHL tendon transfer and reconstruction with V-Y advancement or turn-down flap through one incision technique appeared to be effective and safe. This technique is recommendable for the treatment of neglected Achilles tendon rupture.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2015

Recognition of cytosolic DNA initiates a series of innate immune responses by inducing IFN-I production and subsequent triggering JAK1-STAT1 signaling which plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of infection, inflammation and autoimmune diseases through promoting B cell activation and antibody responses. The stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING) has been demonstrated to be a critical hub of type I IFN induction in cytosolic DNA-sensing pathways. However, it still remains unknown whether cytosolic DNA can directly activate the JAK1-STAT1 signaling or not. And the role of STING is also unclear in this response. In the present study, we found that dsDNA directly triggered the JAK1-STAT1 signaling by inducing phosphorylation of the Lyn kinase. Moreover, this response is not dependent on type I IFN receptors. Interestingly, STING could inhibit dsDNA-triggered activation of JAK1-STAT1 signaling by inducing SHP-1 and SHP-2 phosphorylation. In addition, compared with normal B cells, the expression of STING was significantly lower and the phosphorylation level of JAK1 was significantly higher in B cells from MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice, highlighting the close association between STING low-expression and JAK1-STAT1 signaling activation in B cells in autoimmune diseases. Our data provide a molecular insight into the novel role of STING in dsDNA-mediated inflammatory disorders.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-35
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• 1993

During the period from September 1989 through December 1992, 118 cases of coronary arterial bypass graft were performed at Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Asan Medical Center. Twenty-one of these had history of recent or remote percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. They consisted of 13 males[age,58.7 + 5.4 years] and 8 females[age, 63.6 + 2.8years] with the mean age of 60.6. History of old myocardial infarction was noted in 24%[5/21] of the patients and congestive heart failure in 2 cases. The angina by type of presentation is unstable in all of the patients. The patterns of involvement of coronary arterial disease were left main disease[1], single vessel disease[5], double vessel involvement[10], and triple vessel involvement[5]. We performed 4 cases of single bypasses, 7 cases of double, 8 cases of triple, and 2 cases of quadruple bypasses. Total of 51 grafts[LIMA:12, RSVG:39] were inserted in 21 cases with average of 2.4 grafts per patient. The methods of myocardial protection were cold blood cardioplegia[8 cases], intermittent aortic occlusion[11], and continuous coronary perfusion with local coronary sharing[2]. There were no operative or late death. The only cardiac complication was 1 case of low cardiac output required IABP. The other complications were 1 case of sternal wound infection and 1 case of postoperative bleeding required reoperation. And there was no case of perioperative myocardial infarction. Postoperatively, 3 cases of recurrent angina were detected at 5, 7, and 18months after surgery. One of them was managed successfully with repeat PTCA[who was recurred 18 months postoperatively], and the other two with medication. I conclude that we can approach the patients more aggressively with PTCA, because of our acceptable operative risks.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare a sample of patients who had condylar fractures treated with open reduction using different plating techniques, to evaluate which plating technique is useful for stable fixation for fractures of the mandibular condyle and to evaluate effectiveness of resorbable miniplate. There were 60 patients (41 males, 19 females) whose condylar fractures were treated with open reduction. Rigid fixation was performed with a single miniplate, double miniplate ot one miniplate & one microplate and single resorbable plate. All patients remained intermaxillary fixation for 1 week postoperatively. Active physiotherapy was started after 2 weeks postoperatively. Radiographic evaluation (plate fracture, plate bending, screw loosening, displacement of condyle etc.) was performed at pre-operative, immediate, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months after surgery. Clinical evaluation included degree of mouth opening, occlusion, mandibular lateral excursion, infection and facial nerve paralysis. In radiographic evaluation, displacement of fractured condylar segment associated with plate bending or screw loosening were showed 6 cases and 3 cases for single miniplate system and resorbable miniplate system. There was no patients who have this problem on double miniplate system. The results revealed that the application of two miniplates were more recommendable than single miniplates. When we select resorbable miniplate system, we should consider the type of fractures, post-operative treatment protocol and surgical technique.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.280-288
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• 2020

RNA interference (RNAi) has attracted attention as a promising approach to control plant viruses in their insect vectors. In the present study, to suppress replication of the rice stripe virus (RSV) in its vector, Laodelphax striatellus, using RNAi, dsRNAs against L. striatellus genes that are strongly upregulated upon RSV infection were delivered through a rice leaf-mediated method. RNAi-based silencing of peroxiredoxin, cathepsin B, and cytochrome P450 resulted in significant down regulation of the NS3 gene of RSV, achieving a transcriptional reduction greater than 73.6% at a concentration of 100 ng/μl and, possibly compromising viral replication. L. striatellus genes might play crucial roles in the transmission of RSV; transcriptional silencing of these genes could suppress viral replication in L. striatellus. These results suggest effective RNAi-based approaches for controlling RSV and provide insight into RSV-L. striatellus interactions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.416-424
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• 1989

We have performed eight, single transplantations of right lung in dogs from September, 1988 to March 1989 at the Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgical department, Yonsei University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. We wrapped bronchial anastomosis site with great omentum and used cyclosporin in preoperative and postoperative periods in seven cases except one. The one without wrapping the bronchial anastomotic site with omentum and using cyclosporin died due to bronchial anastomotic site rupture in postoperative fourth day. If there is no reason to choose one side over the other, we would generally choose to do left-sided transplant as this is technically somewhat easier because of the long length of recipient bronchus and the ease of clamping the left atrium proximal to the pulmonary veins. The right atrium limits the amount of left atrium that can have incorporated into the clamp proximal to the pulmonary veins on the right side. But we had chosen to do right-sided transplant of lung because we must take variable technical experiences on right sided lung transplant in dogs. We have to anastomose one of pulmonary vein and left atrial wall on right-sided transplant easily only with double ligation of one pulmonary vein because right atrium limited the clamp of left atrium proximal to pulmonary veins with decreased venous return and cardiac output in some dogs. All seven dogs with right-sided lung transplant had survived more than one day with good condition except one. The one dog have to be sacrificed to evaluate the difference between the gas analysis in pulmonary venous and arterial blood in post-operative eight hours. We found hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of contralateral left lung in this dog. And also all dogs have to be sacrificed for the evaluation of surgical problems, anytime in post-operative periods without any cardiopulmonary resuscitative efforts when the general condition would be worse progressively. We found no any surgical technical errors in seven dogs except one with thrombi in suture site of left atrium. There were hemorrhagic pulmonary edematous changes of transplanted right lung in one, of contralateral left lung in one, of contralateral left lung with double ligation of its pulmonary artery in one, thrombi around left atrial sutures sites in one, multiple air leakage in one bronchial rupture in one due to rejection or infection. There were accidental extubation and delayed intubation in one and unknown cause of death in one.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.590-596
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• 2001

A new extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamase$ with an isoelectric point (pl) of 6.2 was detected in Klebsiella pneumoniae Fl 61 that was isolated from a patient with infection. This strain was highly resistant to the third or fourth generation cephalosporins such as cceftazidime ceftriaxone, cefoperzaone, and cefpirome. Analysis of this strain by the double disk diffusion test showed synergies between amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMX-CA) and cefotaxime, and AMX-CA and aztreonam, which suggested that this strain produced a extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamase$ (ESBL). Cenetic analysis revealed that the resistance was due to the presence of a 9.4-kb plasmic, designated as pkpl 61, encoding for new ${\beta}-lactamase$ gene (bla). Sequence analysis showed that a new bla gene of pkpl 61 differed from $bla_{TEM-1}$ by three mutations leading to the following amino acid substitutions: $Val_{84}{\rightarrow}lie,{\;}Ala_{184}{\rightarrow}Val,{\;}and{\;}Gly_{238}{\rightarrow}Ser$. These mutations have not been reported previously in the TIM type ${\beta}-lactamases$ produced by clinical strains. The novel ${\beta}-lactamase$ was overexpressed in E. coli and purified by ion exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose and CM-Sepharose, and then further purified by gel filtration on Sehadex G-200. The catalytic activity of th8 purified ${\beta}-lactamase$ was confirmed by the nitrocefin disk.

• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.410-415
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• 2018

Purpose: Despite meticulous techniques, surgical complications continue to be problematic in kidney transplant recipients. Role of routine stenting to reduce complications is controversial. In this study, we compare incidence of early urological complications, lymphoceles, urinary tract infections (UTI) and graft function; with or without double-J stenting. Materials and Methods: All patients who underwent live related donor renal transplantation from February 2014 to February 2016 were included. Transplants prior to February 2015 were without routine stenting; subsequent transplants were with routine stenting. Patients with neurogenic bladder, previously operated bladder and delayed or low urinary output were excluded. Followup was for at least three months. Descriptive statistics was performed for all parameters. Chi square test and Fisher's Exact test were used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables, Mann-Whitney test was used to test median difference and independent samples t-test for mean difference. The p-value ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: We analysed 74 patients (34 stented and 40 non-stented). There was no difference in the incidence of urinary leak, anastomotic obstruction, lymphoceles or UTI (p>0.4 for all comparisons). However, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate at sixth day, 14th day, one month and two months were 76.1 vs. 61.5 (p=0.025), 72.1 vs. 56.6 (p=0.005), 79.4 vs. 63.1 (p=0.002) and 82.0 vs. 63.3 (p=0.001) in the stented versus non-stented groups. Conclusions: Placement of ureteral stent in renal transplant does not significantly affect the incidence of early urinary complications or UTI. However, graft function is significantly better in stented recipients, at least in the short term.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Onion, particularly onion peel, is a quercetin-rich food with, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the effect of onion peel extract (OPE) in humans is unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether OPE improves natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytokine concentration in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eighty participants aged 19-64 yrs old with a white blood cell count of 4,000-10,000 cells/µL, symptoms of upper respiratory infection at least once within the previous 12 mon, and perceived stress scale (PSS) over 14 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to take either 1,000 mg/day OPE or a placebo for 8 weeks. RESULTS: Compliance were 87.4 ± 8.6% and 86.9 ± 79.0% in OPE and placebo groups. Compared to the placebo, OPE supplementation improved "Hoarseness" (P = 0.038) of the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey (WURSS)-21 symptom, and stress scores (P = 0.001; 0.021) of PSS. Supplementation of OPE had no significant effect on NK cell activity and concentrations of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α. At baseline, the WURSS-21 symptom and PSS score (P = 0.024; 0.026) were higher in the OPE group than the placebo group. Among participants with higher than median WURSS-21 symptom score, OPE supplementation increased NK cell activity (P = 0.038). Supplementation of OPE had no significant effects on safety measurements and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggested that OPE supplementation improves NK cell activity in participants with moderate upper respiratory symptoms without any significant adverse effects.

• 식물병연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.277-289
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• 2012

농업인 등 농업현장에서 임상진단을 요청한 시료 수는 2007년부터 5년간 총 2,992건이었으며, 바이러스를 검정한 샘플 수는 13,325개이었다. 연도별 검출된 바이러스 종류는 2007년 21종, 2008년 15종, 2009년 23종, 2010년 21종, 2011년 17종이었다. 5년 동안에 우리나라에서 처음 검정된 바이러스는 2007년에는 TbLCV, 2008년에는 TYLCV, 2009년에는 INSV, RaMV, 2010년에는 BWYV이었다. 2007년부터 5년간 총 발생한 바이러스 종류는 알파파모자이크바이러스(Alfalfa mosaic virus, AMV) 등 총 40종이었다. 임상진단 요청 시료에서 가장 감염율이 높은 상위 10종의 바이러스는 CMV, TSWV, TYLCV, CGMMV, BBWV2, ZYMV, MNSV, PMMoV, WMV, PepMoV이었다. 농업현장에서 임상진단 요청한 작물의 종류는 총 53종이었으며, 상위 10위의 작물 종류는 고추, 토마토, 파프리카, 수박, 멜론, 벼, 오이, 옥수수, 무, 박이었으며, 상위 10개 작물과 20개 작물의 전체 임상진단 요청률은 각각 81.6%와 94.2%이었다. 고추에 감염된 바이러스는 BBWV2 등 8종이었으며, 검정한 샘플 가운데 바이러스가 검출된 비율은 CMV 24.6%, PMMoV 18.9%, TSWV 14.7%이었다. 2종 바이러스 복합감염 형태는 평균 감염률 14.7%의 BBWV2+CMV 등 7가지, 3종 바이러스 복합감염 형태는 평균 감염률 0.9%의 BBWV2+CMV+PepMoV 등 4가지이었다. 토마토에서 검출된 바이러스 종류는 CMV 등 6종이었으며 검정한 샘플 중 바이러스가 검출된 비율은 TYLCV 50.6%, TSWV 14.5%, TbLCV 10.9%이었다. 복합감염형태와 감염률은 CMV+TSWV 3.9%, ToMV+TYLCV 0.4%이었다. 수박에 감염된 바이러스는 CMV 등 5종이었으며 평균 검출 비율은 MNSV 37.0%, CGMMV 20.4%, ZYMV 18.1%, WMV 17.8%이었다. 수박 바이러스의 복합감염 형태와 검출비율은 CMV+MNSV 0.7%, WMV+ZYMV 5.0%이었다. 멜론에서 검출된 감염된 바이러스는 CMV 등 3종이었고 평균 검출비율은 MNSV 77.6%, CMV 5.6%, WMV 3.3%이었다. 복합감염은 CMV+ MNSV로 평균 검출비율은 13.5%이었다.