• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.799-807
• /
• 2016

The objective of research was to explore the effects of Kinesic taping treatment on Kayaker's athletic performance and muscle fatigue variable. In order to accomplish such study objective, this study employed 8 ordinary university students and 8 university kayaker's as study subjects. The athletic performance records and blood lactate were analyzed before and after Kinesic taping treatment (KTT). Kinesic taping treatment was applied to the regions of agonist such as vastus medialis muscle, Latissimus dorsi muscle, Trapezius muscle, Biceps brachii muscle, and Triceps brachii muscle, which are major muscles for Kayaker's. Records for rest heart rate, athletic performance and blood lactate were measured upon 200m and 500m distance exercise using kayak ergometer. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 using paired t-test and one-way repeated ANOVA at significant level of a = .05. First, performance records of 200m paddling kayak showed that the ordinary university students had a mean score of 60.13 second before and 58.75 second after kinesic taping treatment. University kayakers had a mean score of 58.75 second before and 53.0 second after kinesic taping treatment. Both groups had significant differences between before and after KTT in the athletic performance. In addition, levels of blood lactate showed that the ordinary university students had a mean score of 5.89mM before and 8.90mM after KTT and university kayaker's had a mean score of 5.79mM before and 8.48mM after KTT. The ANOVA showed that the level of ordinary university students' blood lactate was significantly higher than university kayakers only after KTT. Second, performance records of 500m paddling kayak showed that the ordinary university students had a mean score of 2.90 minute before and 2.77 minute after KTT and university kayaker's had a mean score of 2.30 minute before and 2.20 minute after KTT. Both groups had significant differences between before and after KTT in the athletic performance. Moreover, only university kayaker's had a significantly higher performance record than the counterpart. Levels of blood lactate showed that the ordinary university students had a mean score of 7.71mM before and 8.85mM after KTT and university kayakers had a mean score of 8.09mM before and 8.45mM after KTT. However, such a level of increase had no significant difference between the groups

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.210-217
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to measure the concentration of volatile organic compound (VOC)s originated from the chemicals used and/or derived from the original parental chemicals in the photolithography processes of semiconductor manufacturing factories. Methods: A total of four photolithography processes in 4 Fabs at three different semiconductor manufacturing factories in Korea were selected for this study. This study investigated the types of chemicals used and generated during the photolithography process of each Fab, and the concentration levels of VOCs for each Fab. Results: A variety of organic compounds such as ketone, alcohol, and acetate compounds as well as aromatic compounds were used as solvents and developing agents in the processes. Also, the generation of by-products, such as toluene and phenol, was identified through a thermal decomposition experiment performed on a photoresist. The VOC concentration levels in the processes were lower than 5% of the threshold limit value (TLV)s. However, the air contaminated with chemical substances generated during the processes was re-circulated through the ventilation system, thereby affecting the airborne VOC concentrations in the photolithography processes. Conclusion: Tens of organic compounds were being used in the photolithography processes, though the types of chemical used varied with the factory. Also, by-products, such as aromatic compounds, could be generated during photoresist patterning by exposure to light. Although the airborne VOC concentrations resulting from the processes were lower than 5% of the TLVs, employees still could be exposed directly or indirectly to various types of VOCs.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2010

In this paper, in order to enhance the image reconstruction performance of white light scanning interferometry(WLI), we demonstrate the scattered point noise filtering performance of post-processing methods. Median filtering is similar to using an averaging filter. Because the median value is less sensitive than the mean to extreme values, the median filter can remove the scattered point noise from a height-map without significantly reducing the sharpness of the image. In several specific cases, however, the median filter can't remove the scattered point noise. Therefore, we propose a comparative mean filter that uses order-statistic filtering and the mean of the neighborhood pixels. The performance is demonstrated by measuring an array of metal solder balls fabricated on PCB. The proposed method reduced the noise pixels by 4.4 percent.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.179-183
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to determine the antioxidative, antimutagenic, and anticancer effects of vaporized liquid of water-boiled pine needle(VLP) using DPPH free radical donating method, Ames test, and cytotoxicity. VLP showed the highest electron donating activities $(18.4\;{\mu}L)$. The inhibition rate of VLP $(200\;{\mu}L/plate)$ in the Salmonella. typhimurium TA100 strain showed $45.9\%$ inhibition against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG. In addition, the suppression of with same concentration of VLP in the S. typhimurium TA100 strains showed $85.5\%$ inhibition against 4NQO, respectively. The suppressions under the same condition against Trp-P-1 in the TA98 and TA100 strains were $91.0\%$ and $62.1\%$, respectively. The cytotoxic effects of VLP against the cell lines with human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) , human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) were inhibited with increase of the VLP concentration. The treatment of $50\;{\mu}L/well$ VLP showed strong cytotoxicities of $78.7\%,\;90.3\%,\;90.8\%,\;62.3\%$ and $93.7\%$ against A549, HepG2, AGS, MCF-7 and HeLa, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.107-111
• /
• 2005

We investigated the quality of vaporized liquid of water-boiled pine needle in the aspects of drinking conformity and aroma characteristics. As a result, there was no hazardous component in the assessment for 45 types of ingredients. Especially, inorganic components such as arsenic (As), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) which are harmful to human body were not detected. Additionally, we observed that other ingredients were present within the standard level suitable for drinking. The total 34 volatile components of the vaporized liquid of water-boiled pine needle were identified by dynamic head-space method. Fenchol, bomeol $\beta-fenchyl$ alcohol and bomyl acetate were the major volatiles and composed of 6.7, 13.1, 26.6 and $16.2\%$ of total volatiles, respectively. In addition, the alcohols and aldehydes were the prominent ingredients of which the contents showed comparatively high.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2008

Automatic semiconductor manufacture system generating transaction from 50,000 to 500,000 per a second needs storage management system processing very large data at once. A lot of storage management systems are researched for storing very large data. Existing storage management system is typical DBMS on a disk. It is difficult that the DBMS on a disk processes the 500,000 number of insert transaction per a second. So, the DBMS on main memory appeared to use memory. But it is difficultthat very large data stores into the DBMS on a memory because of limited amount of memory. In this paper we propose storage management system using insert transaction of a block unit that can process insert transaction over 50,000 and store data on low storage cost. A transaction of a block unit can decrease cost for a log and index per each tuple as transforming a transaction of a tuple unit to a block unit. Besides, the proposed system come cost to decompress all block of data because the information of each field be loss. To solve the problems, the proposed system generates the index of each compressed block to prevent reducing speed for searching. The proposed system can store very large data generated in semiconductor system and reduce storage cost.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• /
• v.16 no.2_3
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2010

Internal gas composition of single unit persimmon package was evaluated at $-1^{\circ}C$ as function of package film area and fruit weight in order to find packaging conditions to achieve the optimal modified atmosphere beneficial for keeping the freshness. With large fruit size(${\approx}230\;g$), low permeable films (LLDPE/PP in 35 or $40\;{\mu}m$ thickness and $30\;{\mu}m$ OPP) with an exact fitness to the fruit (surface area of $0.040\;m^2$) resulted in anaerobic atmosphere with occurrence of browning in long term storage. With medium (${\approx}210\;g$) and medium small (${\approx}190g$) sizes, larger surface area of low permeable $35\;{\mu}m$ LLDPE/PP film provided higher $O_2$ and lower $CO_2$ concentrations causing higher occurrence of softening and blackening discoloration. On the other hand, smaller surface area of lower $O_2$ and higher $CO_2$ concentrations had a high risk of browning. Wise combination of fruit size, packaging film and surface area is required for attaining the beneficial modified atmosphere to prevent the physiological injuries.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.442-448
• /
• 2006

To obtain the 50% lethal dose (LD50), approximated lethal dose (ALD) and approximated target organs of 'Mahwangyounpae-tang' for further study like repeat dose toxicity, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity, single dose toxicity was tested in male ICR mouse according to KFDA Guideline 1999-61 [KFDA, 1999] at a dosage level of 2,000, 1,000, 500, 250 and $125\;mg/kg/10m{\ell}$. In this study, mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes and body weight gains, gross findings and weight of principal organs were detected during and/or after 14 days of single dosing. After 2 or 3 days of dosing, 1 or 2 animals in 2,000 and 1,000 mg/kg-dosing groups were died. Excitation and leaping response were observed as test article-treatment related clinical signs. These abnormal signs were restricted to 2,000 and 1,000 mg/kg-dosing groups and they were recovered to normal within 4 days after dosing in case of survivors. A significant decrease of body weight were observed in some periods of observation in 2,000 and 1,000 mg/kg-dosing group from 1 days after dosing compared to those of vehicle control group. A significant decrease of body weight gains were observed in observation periods in 2,000 and 1,000 mg/kg-dosing group compared to those of vehicle control group. Hypertrophy of heart and decoloration of kidney were observed as test article-treatment related gross findings. These abnormal findings were restricted to 2,000 and 1,000 mg/kg-dosing groups. A significant increase of absolute and relative heart and kidney weight were demonstrated in 2,000 mg/kg-dosing groups. LD50 in this study was detected as 2,242.42 mg/kg. ALD in this study was detected as 1,000 mg/kg and the target organ was considered as the heart and kidney.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.5 no.6
• /
• pp.315-324
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to use as basic data for the is systematic and efficient facility inventory of policeman and the riot police, conscripted policeman. First, the analysis was performed for the patient implementing the simple x-ray, CT, and MRI examination to the policeman and the riot police, conscripted policeman within the radiologic examination. As to the classification by disease, it classified into the partial body as the common disease and musculoskeletal system disease. As to the fixed quantity comparison of the policeman and the riot police, conscripted policeman the basic X-ray, CT, MRI examination by part average personnel was compared. As to the research result the riot police, conscripted policeman, the Lower extremity examination occupies the simple X-ray, CT, and MRI examination in comparison with the other part altogether much and particularly, the Knee examination ratio occupies much among the Lower extremity examination.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2013

Rice is one of the most important cereal crops as a model plant for functional genomics of monocotyledons and usually transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. However, the transformation's process using previous method is still time consuming and uneconomical, low efficiency. In this study, we established a new method by modifying the general Agrobacterium protocol especially in the infection and co-cultivation, Agrobacterium elimination, infected calli's selection steps using liquid media. We directly inoculated Agrobacterium containing a ZjLsL gene under the control of constitutive promoter into the 1- to 3-week-old rice calli derived from mature seeds. After 3 days of co-cultivation, the infected calli were transferred onto liquid media of Agrobacterium elimination and calli's selection for 3 days. The calli were transferred to calli's growth solid media for 14 days and then the calli transferred to shoot induction and root induction media. Putative transformants were initially selected on the medium containing phosphinothricin, and the PAT protein verified by PAT strip test. This method in this study would lead to reduction of substantial labor and time to generate transgenic plants.