• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.15 no.10
• /
• pp.17-31
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Effective network management will be essential for B2B companies as they navigate the challenges of today's fast-changing global business landscape. This study seeks to propose effective strategies that help B2B companies develop competitive advantages and attain sustainable growth by optimizing their networks in uncertain environments. Research design, data and methodology: This study suggests that network openness and network reciprocity affect the firm's financial performance, and that these effects may vary according to the level of environmental uncertainty. The hypotheses were tested with data collected using a cross-sectional survey of plant engineering network. The gathered data was analyzed by multiple regression analysis using the STATA program Results: The results of Model 1 indicate that both network openness and network reciprocity have positive effects on financial performance. In Model 2, environmental uncertainty strengthens the positive effect of network openness on financial performance, but reduces the positive impact of network reciprocity. These findings suggest that environmental uncertainty influences a firm's financial performance. Conclusions: This study offers both theoretical and practical insights. Although network structure is considered a key factor, its subjective nature poses challenges in measurement, and the cross-sectional design introduces certain limitations. Future research should investigate different applicable directions building on the findings of this study.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study analyzes how cabin crew service quality influences customer loyalty in the aviation industry. Specifically, it examines how the reliability, professionalism, and authenticity of cabin crew services affect cognitive loyalty and whether such effects affect emotional loyalty. Design and methodology: We surveyed passengers who had used aviation services in the past year. Structural equation modelling was used to test our hypotheses. To test model fit and assess reliability, validity was developed for the measurement items of each variable. Findings: The results support all four hypotheses. Reliability, professionalism, and authenticity of cabin crew services positively influence cognitive loyalty. Furthermore, cognitive loyalty significantly and positively affects emotional loyalty. These findings highlight the crucial role of cabin crew in fostering both rational preference and emotional attachment among passengers. Conclusions: This study provides insights into developing customer loyalty in the aviation industry. It demonstrates the need to invest in cabin crew training, which ultimately affects all three service quality dimensions. It also indicates that carriers can consider cognitive loyalty as a gateway to emotional loyalty and should pursue strategies accordingly. These results provide airlines with practical implications for improving customer loyalty and furthering their competitive advantage in the industry.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.29-35
• /
• 2024

Purpose: With the rapid development of the e-commerce industry, online e-commerce festivals represented by the "Double Eleven Online Shopping Festival" and "618 Mid-Year Promotion" in China play a unique role in consumer activities and have an important impact on various consumers. As aborigines in the Internet era, college students have huge consumption potential. In order to meet the pursuit of a better life for college students and achieve impressive business results, e-commerce platforms will launch various e-commerce festivals. Research design, data and methodology: This article constructs a research model based on the stimulus organism response model and clue utilization theory, proposes relevant hypotheses, and uses SPSS 27.0 to test the proposed hypotheses. From the perspectives of promotion level, timeliness, and variety of categories, this study aims to verify the impact of e-commerce festivals on college students' purchasing intentions and draw relevant conclusions. Results: Empirical verification has shown that the promotion level, timeliness, variety of categories, and holiday trust of e-commerce festivals have a significant positive impact on the e-commerce festival trust of college students as a consumer group. Conclusions: The conclusion on college students' purchasing intentions not only has guiding significance for the formulation of marketing strategies for enterprises, but also helps to understand the current behavior patterns of young consumers.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.59-92
• /
• 2012

With accumulated research evidence, there is little doubt that leadership behavior is related to a wide variety of positive individual and organizational outcomes. Indeed, leadership behavior has been empirically linked to increased employee satisfaction, organizational commitment, extra effort, turnover intention, organizational citizenship behavior, and overall employee performance. Although leadership behavior has been linked to a number of positive organizational outcomes, research regarding the antecedents of such behavior is limited. Especially there is little research dealing with the antecedents of inter-organizational leadership behavior. This study interests in inter-organizational ethical leadership among marketing channel members. In both the mass media and the academic association, there has been a surge in interest in the ethical and unethical behavior of leaders. Although the corporate scandals in recent years may explain much of the mass media and popular focus, academics' interest has been limited by evidence that ethical leadership behavior is associated with both positive and negative inter-organizational processes and performances. This study tried to contribute to this body of knowledge by examining antecedents of ethical leadership. Ethical leadership is defined "the demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers through two-way communication, reinforcement, and decision-making." Ethical leaders not only inform individuals of the behefits of ethical behavior and the cost of inappropriate behavior, such leaders also set clear standards and use rewards and fair and balanced punishment to hold followers accountable for their ethical conduct. Despite the assume importance and prominence of ethical leadership among organizations, there are still many questions relating to its antecedents and consequences. One is whether the likelihood of an leading organization being perceived as an ethical leader among other following organizations in marketing channels can be predicted using its characteristics and inter-organizational relationship maintenance skills. Identifying trait and skill antecedents will aid in the development of strategies for selecting and developing ethical leaders and determining the best means to reinforce ethical behaviors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of three categorized variables on ethical leadership of channel leader. To be concrete, this study develops a model of the antecedents of three conceptually distinct forms of channel leader characteristics, such as organizational traits, inter-organizational relationship maintenance strategies, and supplier management strategies, and tests the hypothesized differential effects on ethical leadership of marketing channel leaders. The reason why this study deals with discount store channel is that there is very strong inter-dependence between a discount store and its suppliers. Their strong inter-dependence makes their relationship as the relationship between a leader and suppliers and creates an atmosphere that leadership occur without difficulty. The research model is as follows. For the purpose of empirical testing, 295 respondents of suppliers of discount store channel in Korea were surveyed. The procedures included scale reliability, and discriminant and convergent validity were used to validate measures. Also, the reliability measurements traditionally employed, such as the Cronbach's alpha, were used. All the reliabilities were greater than .70. This study conducted confirmatory factor analyses to assess the validity of our measurements. All items loaded significantly on their respective constructs(with the lowest t-value being 15.2), providing support for convergent validity. We then examined composite reliability and average variance extracted(AVE). The composite reliability of each construct was greater than .70. The AVE of each construct was greater than .50. This study tested research model using Partial Least Square(PLS). The estimation of the structural equation model revealed an acceptable fit of the model to the data($r^2$=.851). Thus, This study concluded that the model fit was considered acceptable. The results of PLS are as follows. The results indicated that conscientiousness, openness, conflict management, social networks, training, fair reward had positive effects on ethical leadership of channel leaders. On the other hand, emotional insecure had negative effect and agreeableness, assurance, and inter-organizational communication had no significant effect on supply chain leadership.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.97-109
• /
• 2016

In Korea, the survival rate of start-up of 5-year after foundation is as low as 29.6% of the country. This low survival rate is from because of insufficient resources in start-ups compared to those of mid-sized companies. Therefore, the marketing characteristics of entrepreneurship has emerged as a major cause. Therefore, In this study, because learning orientation, marketing experience, competition orientation and etc are differently owned in start-ups, marketing impact to marketing strategy in start-up companies are differently investigated. Therefore, the relationship of learning orientation, marketing experience, competition Orientation with marketing strategies was examined. Based on this, Business performance was examined to suggest contents related to eco-system of start-up companies to representative of start-up companies. For this study, Survey was conducted for 250 start-up entrepreneurs within 3 and half year since foundation from Nov. 20 to Dec. 20, 2015. In result of data-cleaning, 207 meaningful samples were gathered. Based on these, conclusion was obtained. Using SPSS 20.0 statistical program, frequency analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. the following conclusions were drawn. First, in the impact of marketing environment of Phase 1 start-up companies on marketing strategy, product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategy were positively affected by learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation. Second, in the effect of 2nd phase marketing strategy to business performance, the financial performance and the non-financial performance. Were positively affected by product strategy, distribution strategy and promotion strategies. Third, The effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to financial performance was positively mediated by product strategy and distribution strategy among 3rd phase meditation strategies. the effect of learning orientation, marketing experience and competition orientation to non-financial performance was positively mediated by products strategy. In comprehensive summary, in order to increase business performance in start-up companies, marketing strategy should be applied in. Especially, the role of learning orientation and marketing experience is vital. In increasement of business performance to characteristics of star up marketing, financial performance can be increased by product strategy and distribution strategy. And, both of financial and non-financial performance can be increased by product strategy. Therefore, in conducting of marketing characteristics of start-up, to increase business performance, the apply of marketing strategy to marketing characteristics of start-up should be required.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.545-555
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to predict the distribution density and potential habitat of domestic cats (Felis catus) in order to identify core distribution areas. It also aimed to overlay protected areas to identify priority areas for cat management. Kernel density estimation was used to determine the distribution density, and areas with high density were classified in Greater Seoul, Chungnam, Daejeon, and Daegu. Elevation, distance from the used area and roughness were identified as important variables in predicting potential habitat using the MaxEnt model. In addition, the classification of suitable and unsuitable areas based on thresholds showed that the predicted presence of habitat was more extensive in Seoul, Sejong, Daejeon, Chungnam, and Daegu. Core distribution areas were selected by overlapping high-density areas with suitable areas. Priority management areas were identified by overlaying core distribution areas with designated wildlife sanctuaries. As a result, Gyeonggi, and Chungnam have the largest areas. In addition, buffer zones will be implemented to effectively manage the core distribution area and minimize the potential for additional introductions in areas of high management priority, such as protected areas. These results can be used as a basis for investigating the status of the cat's habitat and developing more effective management strategies.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.56 no.11
• /
• pp.705-720
• /
• 2023

In South Korea, ongoing incidents related to drinking water quality have eroded consumer trust. Specifically, beyond quality incidents, there have been complaints about taste, odor, and other issues stemming from the presence of chlorine. To address this, water service operators are employing various management strategies from both temporal (scheduling) and spatial (rechlorination) perspectives to ensure uniform and safe distribution of chlorine residuals. In this study, we focus on the optimal monthly management of chlorine residuals, based on water distribution network analysis. Water quality reaction coefficients, including bulk fluid and wall reaction coefficients, were estimated through lab-scale tests and EPANET water quality simulations, respectively, accounting for temperature variations in a large-scale water distribution network. Utilizing these estimated coefficients, we examined the monthly variations in chlorine residual distribution under different chlorine injection conditions. The results indicate that the efficient concentration for chlorine injection, which satisfies the residual chlorine limit range, varies with temperature changes. Consequently, it is imperative to establish a specific and quantitative chlorine injection plan that considers the accurate spatial distribution of monthly chlorine residuals.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.22-33
• /
• 2006

The objective of this paper is to discuss geographic information policies and strategies of British government and suggest effective policies for Korea National GIS project GIS that has been implemented geographic information infrastructures into public sectors and private markets for the last ten years. To obtain the research aim, this paper reviews the main factors of the Britain GIS project such as distribution structure and process of GI markets, government policies and strategies that are led by Ordnance Survey, most leading mapping agency in the UK. In conclusion, some issues have been explored with reference to the experiences of the Britain GIS projects. The first of these is the nature of geographic information and the second concerns the notion of the circulation policies of spatial data, and the last proposes Korea GIS policies and strategies for successful geographic information and spatial data implementation. The findings of the analysis of the Britain GIS development indicate that a shift began to take place from central government coordinate toward more extensive utilization of private and commercial sectors. This reflects both the increasing importance of geospatial data circulation in all levels of GIS stakeholders. Finally these discussions are particularly to be the issues where multi-agency collaboration of Korea government is concerned and can take the form of joint ventures by consortiums of both involving data producers and data users in order to increase commercial participation for value-added geospatial items, and to encourage both research and development sectors with low or free price policies.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 2015

WSN has been utilized in various directions from basic infrastructure of environment composition to business models including corporate inventory, production and distribution management. However, as energy organizations' private information, which should be protected safely, has been integrated with ICT such as WSN to be informatization, it is placed at potential risk of leaking out with ease. Accordingly, it is time to need secure sensor node deployment strategies for stable enterprise business. Establishment of fragmentary security enhancement strategies without considering energy organizations' security status has a great effect on energy organizations' business sustainability in the event of a security accident. However, most of the existing security level evaluation models for diagnosing energy organizations' security use technology-centered measurement methods, and there are very insufficient studies on managerial and environmental factors. Therefore, this study would like to diagnose energy organizations' security and to look into how to accordingly establish strategies for planning secure sensor node deployment strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.46-58
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of the pet plant kit industry and determine the priorities for support policies to revitalize the industry. SWOT analysis assessed the industry's current state, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used with industry professionals to prioritize support policies. The SWOT analysis results indicated that SO strategies involve leveraging government support policies to enhance marketing and developing eco-friendly DIY products. WO strategies include launching advertising campaigns to increase market recognition and establishing strategic partnerships to expand distribution. ST strategies focus on strengthening price competitiveness and proposing unique values, while WT strategies involve improving production processes and enhancing product quality based on consumer feedback. The AHP analysis identified 3 top-level and 12 sub-level evaluation items, with data collected from 17 expert surveys. The results showed the 'entry phase' (0.482), 'activation phase' (0.397), and 'advanced phase' (0.121) were prioritized, with 'organizing seminars' (0.181) as the most crucial subcategory and 'support for kit development' (0.020) as the least. The pet plant kit industry is in its early stages, and appropriate policy incubation can help activate the garden industry. This study provides foundational information on the industry's needs for activation.