• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.596-606
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• 2011

This article analyzed the process of concluding the Korea-Russia IUU Fishing Prevention Agreement as a model case for distant water fisheries governance. The research studied co-operations for fisheries between Korea and Russia, the current status of live crabs landed in Korea through IUU fishing and Russia's political position on the IUU issue. Also this article reviewed a series of processes executed to achieve the bilateral agreement to prevent IUU fishing, including researches, intergovernmental negotiations, institutional improvements, public hearings and presentations. There were many things closely linked together such as international FAO-IUU prevention efforts, Russia's IUU fishing issue, Korean importers of Russian live crabs, their local governments and Korean snow-crab gill-net fishermen. These issues were resolved through reasonable reconciliations. This article wants to contribute to be used as a reference for other similar IUU fisheries cases.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.517-525
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• 2021

Trawl fishing is a major concern worldwide, and there is considerable debate about its impact on marine ecosystems. In this study, we used the vessel monitoring system (VMS) data collected in the southwest Atlantic Ocean from 2016 to 2019 to estimate the fishing effort and trawled area. Spatial distribution of trawl activities according to the latitude and longitude and the hotspots where fishing was concentrated each year were identified. Trawling activities of the Korean vessels were mainly distributed between 40-52°S and 56-63°W. The species caught during the fishing period comprised five Cephalopoda, three Chondrichthyes, ten Osteichthyes, and other fish. The Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi and Argentine shortfin squid Illex argentinus were the dominant species in the catch.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.310-319
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• 2007

To investigate the catches of squid jigging fishery, a series of fishing experiments was conducted in the high seas of the Northwest Pacific($40^{\circ}-43^{\circ}N$, $150^{\circ}-155^{\circ}E$) during the period of 1 August to 22 October 2005 by commercial fishing vessel. The number of 142 test fishing was carried out in the Northwest Pacific during 83days. The total catch were 47,524kg as 4 squid species and CPUE was $8.9kg/line{\cdot}day$. CPUE showed high values in the frontal zone during the survey. Main squid species caught from the experimental fishing were the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartrami(96.8%) and the boreopacific gonate squid, Gonatopsis borealis(3.2%). Dorsal mantle length of the neon flying squid were increased by the time and increasing of the hook size. Loss rate of the neon flying squid in the water showed the highest values in 28.2% compare to the others. And the loss rate of the front roller and in the air were 1.1% and 1.0%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.22-33
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• 2009

Ecological risk assessment(ERA), developed in Australia, can be used to estimate the risk of target, bycatch and protected species from the effects of fishing using limited data for stock assessment. In this study, we employed the ERA approach to estimate risks to tunas, billfishes, sharks, sea turtles and other species by the Korean tuna longline fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean using productivity and susceptibility analyses of the ERA based on low(<1.30), medium(1.30-1.84) and high risk(>1.84). Albacore, bigeye, yellowfin, skipjack and bluefin tunas were generally evaluated in the medium risk. The susceptibility of tuna species, however, had higher risks than the productivity. Billfishes were also at medium risk, while sharks were at high risk by the tuna longline fishery. The risk of productivity was generally high, because most sharks caught by the tuna longline fishery have high longevities, i.e., over 10 years, including ovoviviparous species. Susceptibility, which is related with the selection of fishing gear, was also high, because the longline fishery has no gear modifications to prevent bycatch of protected species. Not only target tuna species were influenced by the tuna longline fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, but also nontarget species, such as pomfret, mackerels rays, sea turtle were done. Ecosystem-based fishery assessment tools, such as productivity and susceptibility analysis(PSA), have the ability to provide broad scientific advice to the policy makers and stakeholders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.556-566
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• 2014

Korean distant water tuna longline fishery commenced in 1966 in the Atlantic Ocean. Since then, it has become one of the most important fisheries of Korea. By early of 1970s, total amount of tuna caught in the Atlantic Ocean was the highest among other Korean distant water tuna fisheries, but has become minor since 1990s. The annual catch of tuna and tuna-like species by Korean tuna longline fishery in the Atlantic Ocean was about 1,900 mt in 2013. Bigeye tuna was the predominant species in species composition followed by yellowfin tuna, Albacore tuna, Blue shark and Swordfish. Korean distant water tuna longline fishery have mainly operated in the tropical area of the Atlantic Ocean ($20^{\circ}N{\sim}20^{\circ}S$, $20^{\circ}E{\sim}60^{\circ}W$), fishing ground was almost similar as in the previous years. The length frequency of major species (Bigeye tuna, Yellowfin tuna, Albacore tuna, Blue shark and Swordfish) were estimated. As the result of length (size) frequency data on main species caught by lonline fishery in the Atlantic Ocean, main length intervals of bigeye tuna caught in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were 120~125 cm, 160~165 cm and 130~135 cm, respectively. For yellowfin tuna, those were 125~130 cm, 150~155 cm, 145~150 cm and for albacore, 109 cm, 102 cm, 109 cm and 106 cm respectively. For swordfish caught in 2011, 2012 and 2013, main length intervals were 130~135 cm, 125~135 cm and 125~130 cm, respectively, and for blue shark, 195~200 cm in 2011 and 185~190 cm in 2012, 2013.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.188-198
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• 2005

This study was conducted to survey the catches of vertical bottom longline fisheries in the sea mount of central northern Pacific($30^{\circ}-42^{\circ}N$, $170^{\circ}-175^{\circ}E$), during the period of July 1 to August 25,2004 by commercial fishing vessel. The number of 57 test fishing was carried out in the central northern Pacific during 43 days and the total catches were 21,092.4kg as 19 fish species, CPUE/day and catches/day were 185 baskets and 490.5kg, respectively. Main fish species caught from the experimental fishing were Squalus mitsukurii (66.3%), Coelorhyrchus asperocephaius (11.7%) and Helicolenus avius (9.8%) and, average inside diameter for fish mouth was 4.0cm over. Catch ratio according to each fishing ground was the order of F, D, J, B and C. Catch ratio fur water depth was the order of 450-500m, 350-400m, 300-350m, 400-450m, 1000-1100m and 500-550m and, main species by water depth was Squalus mitsukurii for 300-400m, Etmopterus lucifer for 300-550m, Coelorhyrchus asperocephaius far 1,000m over. Catch ratio according to the kind of hooks was higher at the hook no.6 for Squalus mitsukurii and no. 5 for Etmopterus lucifer and, catch ratio by baits was higher at squid for Squalus mitsukurii, saury and eel for Helicolemus avius and saury for Etmopterus lucifer. Accordingly, it is thought that the extension of fishing hours is needed with the reduction of damage and loss for fishing gears during fishing operation.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.788-798
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• 2017

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba are important components of the Antarctic marine ecosystem both economically and ecologically; to manage this species effectively, their distribution and abundance must be understood. Using the Kwang Ja-Ho (3,012 tonnage), a commercial fishing vessel, we conducted acoustic surveys during April 13-24, 2016, to estimate the distribution and population size of krill around the South Shetland Islands of the Antarctic Continent, We used acoustic techniques based on the dB-difference, a method used mainly to classify of marine species. We found that Antarctic krill were present in numbers over 99% at six survey stations, with the exception of Station 3, where we only found Electrona carlsbergi. There was no difference in cell size due to frequency differences, but echo signals differed between species: 4.7-12.0 dB for Antarctic krill, and -4.1~0 dB for Electrona carlsbergi.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 1990

The U.S.-Korea fisheries relationship was concluded on the legal basis of Korea as a distant-water fishing nation and U.S. as a coastal state, and aiming effective conservation, management and rational utilization of the marine living resources. The existing two legal problems on U.S.-Korea fisheries relationship are the pelagic driftnet fishing on the high seas and trawl fishing in the Bering Sea. The results and countermeasure discussed on the positive legal systems of both countries which simultaneously rationalize the conflicting standpoints each other are as follows : 1. For the sake of rational conservation and utilization of the high seas fishery resources, an international organization composing of all the coastal states and fishing nations concerned must be established, and it shall be shall be more desirable to manage the resources by the international joint control system than by the bilateral agreements between the countries concerned. 2. The U.S.-Korea Fisheries Agreement being based on the MFCMA was concluded by mutual understanding between both countries. Accordingly, no protest exists against legal status of the Agreement because it has acted as a customary norm in keeping fisheries relationship between both countries within the U.S. EEZ. 3. The existing fisheries legislative system of Korea is insufficient to support development of the industry satisfactorily. Therefore a special legislation, for example $\ulcorner$Distant-water Fishery Promotion Act$\lrcorner$, is required. And a perfect legal system for effective conservation and management of fishery resources must be established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.624-629
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• 2015

To estimate the movement of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus in the Korean Southeast Sea, three type tags were used. A total of 97 Pacific cod were tagged and released with either archival tags or conventional tags. Of these releases, commercial fishermen recovered thirteen conventional tags, and five of seven pop-up tags transmitted data to Argos satellites. Pacific cod began to move towards East Sea after release, and they spent most of their time at depths of 100 to 300m, water temperatures of 0.8 to $14.0^{\circ}C$. However, geographical ranges of their movement limited to area around the southern East Sea. Pacific cod attached conventional tag were recaptured near the release site(Jinhae Bay: main spawning ground) about one or two year after release. Data obtained from tagging investigations suggest that they migrated annually from spawning ground to habtat of the Korean Southeast Sea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.148-157
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• 2006

A model experiment, simulation test using personal computer and real sea trial fishing were carried out to investigate the basic efficiency of bottom trawl net which can be used in the sea mount of North West Pacific, and experimental values were analyzed as the values of full-scale bottom trawl net. Hydrodynamic resistance for the full-scale trawl net according to the Koyama equation was 2.1 times higher than that of simulation and 2.4 times higher than that of model experiment at the average towing velocity. At the 3.5kt's of towing speed, net width of the full-scale trawl net was 2.5% smaller than that of simulation and 8.2% larger than that of model experiment. On the fishing experiment of the full-scale trawl net for the 3.5kt's of average towing speed, average net height of A group(same direction with external force) was 423.5% higher than that of model experiment and 457.1% higher than that of simulation and that of B group(opposite direction with external force) were 283.8% and 306.3% higher than in case of model experiment and Simulation respectively. Net mouth of the full-scale trawl net was 338.1-504.6% higher than those of model experiment and simulation in A group, and 525.2-745.3% higher in B group.