• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.59-67
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• 2011

Digital Contents have been considered as major parts in the areas, such as design, cartoon, video and etc. A number of Digital Contents are made with the works of popular computer program, Photoshop, and used in some courses of making works. Channel is obviously regarded as a high-level function among others in using Photoshop, even though it hinder a lot of users in understanding the way and the principle to use. Channel and Displacement Map have something in common, because they share the infoshade of channel. The infoshade is the information of 256 levels which consists of black and achromatic colors between white and black color. The infoshade of Channel is used as a concept of movement in Displacement Map. Displacement Map analyzes infoshade in 'Displacement map images' and transfer the pixels of original images under the application of displacement map. This means that the infoshade of Channel can be made for the application with characteristic of movement. This study was carried out to analyze the principle of application of infoshade in 'Displacement Map' with Photoshop. Thus, the central aim of this study is not so much studying engineering algorithm as studying and analyzing the principle of Channel's infoshade through studying how the infoshade of channel is applied in the work.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.731-734
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• 2002

There have been no obvious design criteria of high efficient displacement pump using a dimensionless parameter which can represent many physical aspect of displacement pump could be very useful to estimate displacement pump performance. Many dimensionless analysis methods have been developed in fluid dynamics, machine design and so on. In this study a new dimensionless parameter is developed for estimate displacement pump performance and efficiency, until now to evaluate the performance of displacement pumps which are widely used in industry field, primarily experimental methods have been used. The dimensionless parameter contains many physical information about pump design. For example, they are the relation between flow rate and power, displacement operation displacement and size, inlet and outlet valve size. And the developed dimensionless functions are induced from numerical method.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.637-652
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• 2018

This paper presents a comparative study of displacement measurement using four sensors that are being used in the field: they are a ring gauge, a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV), a vision-based displacement measurement system (VDMS), and an optoelectronic displacement meter (ODM). The comparative study was carried out on a brand-new high-speed railroad bridge designed to produce displacements within a couple of millimeters under the loading of a high-speed train. The tests were carried out on a single-span steel plate girder bridge two times with different train loadings: KTX and HEMU. The measured displacement is compared as raw and further discussion was made on the measurement noise, peak displacement, and frequency response of four sensors. The comparisonsare summarized to show the pros and cons of the used sensors in measuring displacement at a typical high-speed railroad bridge.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.15-16
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• 2006

In-process surface roughness prediction is studied in this research. To implement in-process prediction, spindle displacement is introduced. Machined surface's roughness is assumed to be expressed in terms of spindle displacement. In-process measurement of spindle displacement is conducted using CCDS (cylindrical capacitive displacement sensor). Two prediction models are developed. One is simple linear model between measured surface roughness and values by spindle displacement. The other is multiple regression model including machining parameters like spindle speed, fee rate and radial depth of cut. Relation between machined surface roughness and roughness by spindle displacement are verified.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1256-1261
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• 2008

This paper proposes a way to measure the displacement of a multi-point by using a pattern recognition from video signal. Generally in measuring displacement, gab sensor, which is a displacement sensor, is used. However, it is difficult to measure displacement by using a common sensor in places where it is unsuitable to attach a sensor, such as high-temperature areas or radioactive places. In this kind of places, non-contact methods should be used to measure displacement and in this study, images of CCD camera were used. When multi-point is measure by using a pattern recognition, it is possible to measure displacement with a non-contact method. It is simple to install and multi-point displacement measuring device so that it is advantageous to solve problems of spatial constraints.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.599-616
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• 2022

Bridge displacement contains vital information for bridge condition and performance. Due to the limits of direct displacement measurement methods, the indirect displacement reconstruction methods based on the strain or acceleration data are also developed in engineering applications. There are still some deficiencies of the displacement reconstruction methods based on strain or acceleration in practice. This paper proposed a novel method based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to reconstruct the bridge dynamic displacements with the strain and acceleration data source. The LSTM networks with three hidden layers are utilized to map the relationships between the measured responses and the bridge displacement. To achieve the data fusion, the input strain and acceleration data need to be preprocessed by normalization and then the corresponding dynamic displacement responses can be reconstructed by the LSTM networks. In the numerical simulation, the errors of the displacement reconstruction are below 9% for different load cases, and the proposed method is robust when the input strain and acceleration data contains additive noise. The hyper-parameter effect is analyzed and the displacement reconstruction accuracies of different machine learning methods are compared. For experimental verification, the errors are below 6% for the simply supported beam and continuous beam cases. Both the numerical and experimental results indicate that the proposed data fusion method can accurately reconstruct the displacement.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1126-1132
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• 2009

Bridge structures are designed to support ordinary loadings such as vehicles, wind, temperature and current as well as unexpected loadings like earthquakes and storm. Especially, the displacement of Flexible bridges like an suspension bridge under ordinary loading conditions is necessary to be monitored. In case of long span bridges, there are some difficulties in monitoring the displacement of center of the main span using traditional laser displacement sensors. In this study, the static and dynamic displacement responses due to vehicle loadings were measured by DGPS(differential global positioning system) technique. The displacement response data were compared with data obtained from traditional laser displacement sensors so that the static and dynamic behavior of the bridge under vehicle loadings was examined and the applicability of the displacement response measurement using DGPS technique was verified. The static and dynamic loading test for an self-anchored suspension bridge, So-rok Bridge, was performed using vehicles. The displacement response from DGPS technique and that from laser displacement sensors of the bridge monitoring system were compared. The amplitude of white noise from DGPS based measurement was about 7 mm and that of laser displacement sensor based measurement was about 3 mm. On the other hand, dynamic behavior of the center of main span from DGPS based measurement showed better agreement with influence line of the bridge than that from laser displacement sensors. In addition, there were some irregular and discontinuous variation of data due to the instability of GPS receivers or frequent appearance of GPS satellites. Post-processing via the reference station close to an observation post provided by NGII(National Geographic Information Institute) will be a counter-plan for these defects.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.313-325
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• 2020

Slope displacement and factor of safety (FOS) of a slope are two aspects that reflect the stability of a slope. However, the traditional limit equilibrium (LE) methods only give the result of the slope FOS and cannot be used to solve for the slope displacement. Therefore, developing a LE method to obtain the results of the slope FOS and slope displacement has significance for engineering applications. Based on a force-displacement coupled mode, this work expands the LE Morgenstern-Price (M-P) method. Except for the mechanical equilibrium conditions of a sliding body adopted in the traditional M-P method, the present method introduces a nonlinear model of the shear stress and shear displacement. Moreover, the energy equation satisfied by a sliding body under a small slope displacement is also applied. Therefore, the double solutions of the slope FOS and horizontal slope displacement are established. Furthermore, the flow chart for the expanded LE M-P method is given. By comparisons and analyses of slope examples, the present method has close results with previous research and numerical simulation methods, thus verifying the feasibility of the present method. Thereafter, from the parametric analysis, the following conclusions are obtained: (1) the shear displacement parameters of the soil affect the horizontal slope displacement but have little effect on the slope FOS; and (2) the curves of the horizontal slope displacement vs. the minimum slope FOS could be fitted by a hyperbolic model, which would be beneficial to obtain the horizontal slope displacement for the slope in the critical state.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.287-297
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• 2015

In concrete structural design provisons, there is a minimum allowable strain of steel to ensure a ductility of RC members and a c/d is limited for the same purpose in EC2. In general, a ductility capacity of RC members is evaluated by a displacement ductility which is a ratio of ultimate displacement to yield displacement, and it is necessary to calculate accurately a yield displacement and an ultimate displacement to evaluate a displacement ductility. But a displacement in members is affected by various member characteristics, so it is hard to calculate a displacement exactly. In this study, a displacement ductility is calculated by calculating a yield displacement and an ultimate displacement through a moment-curvature relationship. The main variables examined are concrete strength, yield strength, steel ratio, spacing of confinement, axial force ratio and concrete ultimate strain. As results, as a concrete strength is increased, a ductility displacement is increased. But as yield strength, steel ratio, spacing of confinement and axial force ratio are increased, a displacement ductility is decreased. And a displacement ductility is necessary to calculate a response modification factor (R) of columns for seismic design, so it is appeared that it is important to calculate a displacement ductility more accurately.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.898-905
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• 2005

The settlement of embankment on soft clay includes shear settlement due to shear deformation. Even though the consolidation settlement is not related to lateral displacement, but shear settlement makes the embankment unstable because it deforms ground and decreases the ground strength. In order to determine the shear deformation behaviour during embankment construction, 3 cases (1B, 2B, and 3B) of rapid undrained loading tests on soft clays were performed. Shear settlement is consist of elastic settlement, plastic settlement and viscous settlement. Elastic settlement isn't considered because the range is small, therefore the first is the range of plastic displacement, and the second is that of viscous displacement in the displacement-time curve for each loading stage. After determining that the change in the inclination of the viscous displacement range is larger than in the plastic displacement range after the ground failure occurs for the loading stage, the stability management methods were suggested considering that it is hard to divide the plastic displacement range and the viscous displacement range. The stability management method was based on the ratio of the plastic displacement range's inclination and the viscous displacement range's inclination. A stability management method based on the ratio of the total inclination for each loading stage compared to the whole inclination in the initial loading stage was also recommended.