• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1529-1529
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• 2001

The watercore in apple is very important factor in storage and sorting of fruit. Most consumers tend to prefer the apple included watercore in immediately after harvest, however the watercore causes fruit flesh to brown during storage and lose the worth after all. But it is practically impossible to judge to the naked eye whether an apple has watercore or not. Therefore, the rapid, accurate and non-destructive analysis method for discrimination of watercore should be settled without delay. In this study we attempted the discrimination and quantitative analysis of watercore in apple fruit using near-infrared transmittance spectroscopy ‘Fuji’ apple fruits produced in Kyungpook of Korea was used in this experiment. The watercore content in apple was evaluated by graphic treatment of culled slice sections(10 mm). NIR transmittance spectra were collected over the 500 to 1000 nm spectral region with a spectrometer (Sentronic Co., Germany). The calibration models were carried out by partial least squares (PLS) analysis between NIR spectra data of apples and chemical data of watercore content. The spectra were different in absorbance between apple included watercore and not included one. Apple included watercore had higher absorption band than sample not included one at 732 and 820 nm. The calibration model seems to be accurate to predict the watercore content in apple fruit, the correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.99 and 0.93%, respectively. This result indicates that the PLSR calibration model by using NIR transmittance spectroscopy could be used for discrimination of watercore in apple fruit.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.139-159
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• 2016

This study aims to investigate the wage gap between male and female workers at social welfare institutions and to determine its factors. For this purpose, a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition and regression models are applied to analyze wage survey data. The results are as follows. Firstly, the gender wage gap of social workers is a bit smaller, compared to the average of wage earners. Secondly, about two-thirds of wage gap is due to differences in productivity(endowment) factors; the other part is due to discrimination. Thirdly, the most important cause of gender wage gap is career disruptions of female workers largely due to marriage and birth. Fourthly, other causes of gender wage gap include differences in education, in job grade, in employment status, and in the characteristics of institutions. Finally, among the discriminating factors worsening gender wage gap, a key factor is a gender discrimination in the compensation for age.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.256-260
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• 2011

In 2007, Seoul Metropolitan Government introduced new public rental housing policy called SHift that works as rental deposit base. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the residential satisfaction of SHift. This research has shown conclusively that there is a link between the Location of apartment, Internal Premises, External Premises and satisfaction of SHift residents. The main factors of Residential satisfaction of SHift residents are Location of economical factor. The factor analysis of the 12 factors of variable are confirmed by the internal consistency reliability. This analysis is evaluate on discrimination of the correlation between the dwelling circumstance and the residential satisfaction. The economical factor was the main factor among the Independent variables. It can be concluded that the general overview of the Residential Satisfaction of SHift residents satisfaction is "quite good". But there are maby problems on SHift.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the Marital Satisfaction Scale(M.S.S) is properly applicable to Korean couples and further to be devoted to the designed of a marital satisfaction scale for Korea. The scale employed in this study was a Korean adaptation of the M.S.S., which originally included 73 items but was reduced to 48 through a study of its validity by Bowden. This scale was administered to 420 couples. One kindergarten, two elementary schools, one middle school, and four high schools, all of them located in Seoul or its satellite cities were selected for the present study. The results of the study were as follows. 1) Through item analysis, 85.4% of the total items showed a high index of discrimination, i.e, of more than +.40, which all was significant discrimination (P<0.001) excluding two items. 2)Factor analysis, which was oriented toward combining factors proper to theory, showed that the M.S.S. consisted of 6 factors and its total variance was 50.18%. The 6 factors were marital satisfaction (factor 1), marital social psychological companionship (factor 2), obstacles to marriage (factor 3), dissatisfaction of marital relationship (factor 4), attitude of the reasonable marital relationship (factor 5), and cognition of married life (factor 6), 3) internal consistency reliability of the M.S.S. was 0.951 and the reliability of the total items after excluding two through item analysis 0.956 and 0.949 respectively, which showed a high internal consistency 4) The marital satisfaction examined by the M.S.S showed significant differences according to sex, education , income, the duration of marriage, the number of children but no significant differences according to age, and family type. From these results, it will be concluded that the M.S.S is a reliable and valid psychological scale for examining marital satisfaction of Korean couples. The limitations of this study were as follows. 1) It can not be generalized to all Korean couples because the subjects was sampled from Seoul or satellite cities. 2)The factor analysis in this study was oriented toward combining factors proper to theory. However, it was very difficult to find out the factors because the components of the M.S.S. was more or less abstract. Thus, from these results some suggestions follow for developing the marital satisfaction scale proper to Korean couples systematically and scientifically. 1) The subjects must be sampled form urban as well as rural areas 2)Factor analysis in this study is oriented toward finding out factors of the M.S.S. Thus, it is needed to analyze the factor validity or construct validity by multitrait - multimethod of the scale with more theoretical conceptualization. 3) It is necessary to examine whether marital satisfaction shows difference according to couples and psychological variables besides objective demographic variables. 4) More research is needed before the M.S.S. con be adapted into a turely useful marital satisfaction scale for Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.653-664
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• 2011

In this study, I collected materials through the survey whose object is 573 students of technical high schools and 512 students of academic high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi areas, for examining dangerous factors and protective factors which influence on school resilience in technical high schools. The studying results are as followed. First, as the result of analyzing correlation between school resilience and dangerous factor, the higher dangerous factor was, the lower school resilience was. Second, as the result verifying the effects of dangerous factor on school resilience, discrimination of teacher, delinquency bond and anti-sociality made an effect on students in technical high schools and discrimination of teacher, delinquency bond and depression made an effect on students in academic high schools. Third, as the result analyzing correlation between school resilience and protective factor, the higher protective factor was, the higher school resilience was. Forth, as the result verifying the effects of protective factor on school resilience, support of teacher, democratic atmosphere of school, sense of responsibility, family cohesion, self-worth, rational supporting attitude made an effort on students in technical high schools and support of teacher, democratic atmosphere of school, sense of responsibility and family cohesion made an effect on students in academic high schools. Fifth, as the result analyzing the difference between dangerous factor and protective factor according to grade of school and standard of school resilience, there was an interaction in variables of anti-sociality, depression, delinquency bond and self-worth.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.29-37
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• 2019

Textile quality management targets the physical properties of fabrics and the subjective discriminations of color and fitting. Color is the most representative quality factor that consumers can use to evaluate quality levels without any instruments. For this reason, quantification using a color discrimination device has been used for statistical quality management in the textile industry. However, small and medium-sized domestic textile manufacturers use only visual inspection for color discrimination. As a result, color discrimination is different based on the inspectors' individual tendencies and work procedures. In this research, we want to develop a textile industry-friendly quality management method, evaluating the possibility of rapid color discrimination using a digital imaging device, which is one of the office-automation instruments. The results show that an imaging process-based color discrimination method is highly correlated with conventional color discrimination instruments ($R^2=0.969$), and is also applicable to field discrimination of the manufacturing process, or for different lots. Moreover, it is possible to recognize quality management factors by analyzing color components, ${\Delta}L$, ${\Delta}a$, ${\Delta}b$. We hope that our rapid discrimination method will be a substitute technique for conventional color discrimination instruments via elaboration and optimization.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.345-356
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• 2016

This study analysed the relationship between the discrimination that international marriage migrant women experience and various self-reported health indicators. The participants included 545 international marriage migrant women who responded to a self-questionnaire that was handed out to them at multicultural family support centers they attended in the C area. We designed this causal model to examine the relationship between the discrimination that international marriage migrant women feel they experience and their mental and physical health. Results of the study are as follows. First, the fit indices were found to be $x^2$(df)=236.403(76), CFI=.945, RMSEA=.077. These were statistically acceptable levels. In addition, perceived discrimination produces significantly heightened stress and negative effects on mental and physical health among immigrant women. Therefore, discrimination may constitute a risk factor for the health of immigrant women and could be the fact that explains health inequalities among immigrant populations in Korean society. These results suggest the need to find ways to reduce discrimination within Korean society as it becomes a multicultural society rapidly.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2024

This study validated and investigated the psychological properties of the Korean version of Everyday Ageism Scale to measure subtle ageism in day-to day lives. A total of 498 adults aged 60 and above participated in this study, which involved measuring the everyday ageism scale, experiences of elderly discrimination, self-perception of aging scale, depression (SCL-90R), and satisfaction with life scale. The sample was randomly divided into two groups.Tthe first group(n=198) used for exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, and the second group(n=300) was used for confirmatory factor analysis and validity testing. As a result, if was confirmed that K-EAS consist of 10 items and 3 dimensions (i.e., exposure to ageist messages, ageism in interpersonal interactions, and internalized ageism), consistent with the original scale. K-EAS demonstrated good internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and incremental validity. In specific, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were correlated with experiences of elderly discrimination, negative self-perceptions of aging, and depression. However, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were negatively correlated with positive self-perceptions of aging and satisfaction with life. Also, the K-EAS provided additional explanation of depression even when excluding the effect of experiences of elderly discrimination. The result confirme that K-EAS is reliable and valid. The implication and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for the use of K-EAS and future research, were discussed.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.82-93
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• 2007

1. Objectives Functional medicine is a system which utilizes certain Investigative and treatment methods that are primarily oriented toward the recognition of functional disorder. The 7-zone-diagnostic system(VEGA-DFM722 and ABR-2000, etc) is a diagnostic device which applies pulse signals to predetermined bodily locations. We think that we can discriminate between Soeumin, Soyangin and Taeumin with this system. 2. Methods The subject of our study is no disease men and women who are decided the same constitution both survey of the QSCC II and diagnosis of specialist of the Sasang Constitution. All subject are 76(Soeumin(N=24), Soyangin(N=17), Taeumin(N=35)) cases. We make an analysis of a distinctive feature on the result of the VEGA-DFM722. 3. Results and Conclusions 1) Soeumin or Taeumin women had that the red bar graphs of and 1, 2 and 3 are lower than the red bar graphs of zone 4, 5, 6 and 7 in factor AA on the result of the VEGA-DFM722 with the naked eye. Soyangin or Taeumin men had that the red bar graphs of zone 1,2 and 3 are higher than the red bar graphs of tone 4, 5, 6 and 7 in factor AA on the result of the VEGA-DFM722 with the naked eye. 2) The typical discrimination between Soeumin and Soyangin showed statistical significance(p<0.05) in Factor PF 4(red bar) on the result of VEGA-DFM722.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.71-95
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• 2006

In recent, T-commerce is widely dispersed as alternative type of commerce. It is forecasted that t-commerce system is used more than e-commerce system. Therefore more and more t-commerce-related industries are also recognizing that t-commerce is a critical business model. It is needed to understand the concept of t-commerce and develop the t-commerce marketing strategy. CEO analyses consumer's behaviors according to the data about buyers and applies the advantage of t-commerce to the communication with customers. This t-commerce system plays an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction and affecting their intention to reuse it. Therefore this paper attempts to identify T-commerce critical success factors and divide between use-intention group and unuse-intention group by taking out a discriminant function by the discriminant analysis. This lays a foundation in developing T-commerce strategy. According to the discriminant function extracted, convenience factor, amusement factor, system quality factor, product perception factor are significant in the sequence of influential degree. However, usefulness factor and speedy connection factor are not significant. In result, the target hitting rate is 77.9% in the first unuse-intention group and it is 95.2% in the second use-intention group. The total discriminant target hitting rate is computed to higher value, 86.55%. The statistic package, SPSS 12.0, is used to survey and analyse data and test the hypothesis. The validity and reliability of variables are verified by both reliability analysis and factor analysis. The discriminant analysis is used to tell the difference between use-intention group and unuse-intention group.