• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2010

This paper describes a novel quantitative discomfort evaluation method based on motion data and its application to discomfort analysis of ingress/egress motions for cars. To develop the discomfort evaluation model, we introduced the discomfort regression curve and the range of motion for each degree-of-freedom of the joints of a whole human body. The maximum discomfort value for the joints at a specific time is selected to represent the discomfort value of the whole body at the time. The results of the experiments and questionnaires support the claim that our discomfort measure matches experimental subjective discomfort levels.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2015

Purpose: Although security lights are used to secure pedestrian visibility and safety at nighttime, they can generate light trespass in the neighboring residential space. To prevent this, standards for acceptance limits on vertical illuminance and light pollution by the windows of residential buildings are presented. Method: This study thus representatively selected three types of lamps and, through an evaluation and analysis of the physical and subjective discomfort glare per lamp, proposed a discomfort glare index for each lamp. The evaluation and analysis according to the lamps were conducted through experiments. The variables were the security lights' lamps (NH 100W, MH 70W, LED 50W), installation angles ($0^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$), and installation distances (3m, 5m, 7m, 9m). Result: According to the results of the discomfort glare evaluation depending on the angles and distances of the security lights, the following minimum standards are proposed: for NH 100W, a discomfort glare index of 30 and an installation distance of 4m; for MH 70W, a discomfort glare index of 32 and an installation distance of 4m; and, for LED 50W, a discomfort glare index of 31 and an installation distance of 6m, respectively. In addition, this paper recommends the use of MH 70W, when the road width is 4m-6m, and LED 50W, when the road width is over 6m, respectively.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.439-447
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study is to design a snow-removing tool using an ergonomic approach. Background: It is necessary to remove snow on the garden of a house or side street to prevent a fall hazard. When a user removes snow using a snow-removing tool, he or she experiences lots of physical discomfort. Therefore it is necessary to design a snow-removing tool to reduce a user's physical discomfort. Method: In this study, a new design for a snow-removing tool was developed considering user needs. The design prototype was compared with an existing tool through electromyography and subjective evaluation. Results: From the comparison evaluation, significant differences between the new design and the existing tool were identified in both muscle fatigue and subjective rating of discomfort. Conclusion: The result showed that the new design is better from the aspect of easing physical discomfort. Application: A new snow-removing tool can be developed using the design so that it can reduce a user's physical discomfort.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2006

건축 실내의 조명환경의 쾌적성을 평가하는 것은 주로 불쾌감을 유발하는 글레어의 정도를 인식하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 현재 국외에서 연구된 불쾌글레어를 평가하기 위한 실험식을 그대로 적용하기에는 글레어의 감각을 느끼는 정도가 인종에 따라 크게 다르게 나타나기 때문에 무리가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국인의 시각적인 특성에 맞는 합리적인 불쾌글레어 평가를 위한 예측식을 작성하는 것을 최종목표로 하였으며 다음과 같이 4단계로 연구를 진행하였다. 첫째, 기존의 불쾌글레어 평가식에 대한 검토를 통해 실험변인들을 선정하였다. 둘째, 본 연구의 목적에 맞는 실험변인과 조건을 제어할 수 있는 실물대모형을 제작하였다. 셋째, 불쾌글레어 평가실험을 실시하였다. 최종적으로, 선행연구에서 서양인을 대상으로 제안된 UGR평가법과의 비교분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면, 1)불쾌글레어는 광원휘도, 배경휘도, 피험자와 시선의 위치 등에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 2)실내 불쾌글레어 평가에서 광원과 피험자간의 거리보다 시야내에 글레어 광원이 위치하는 지의 여부가 더 중대한 영향을 미쳤다. 3)대표적인 불쾌글레어 평가시스템인 UGR과 비교 분석한 결과 다소 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이것은 한국인의 불쾌글레어감이 서양인과 차이가 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.626-631
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• 2002

A modified equation for the evaluation of discomfort of a seated human body exposed to differential vibration at the seat and the floor was proposed in this paper. Through the review and analysis of the preceding studies, effect of phase difference between the seat and the floor vibration on discomfort were quantitatively identified. The phase effect was shown to be governed by not only phase difference between the two vibrations but both their frequency and the magnitude, which means the present equation for the evaluation of perceptual amount of vibration provided by ISO 2631-1 should be modified. The proposed equation was developed such that the correction function was multiplied to the present equation. The correction function consisted of three parts, each of them represented the effect by phase difference, frequency and vibration magnitude on discomfort respectively.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2012

This study conducted a subjective evaluation of brightness perception and visual discomfort according to dimming speeds and CCTs(Correlated Color Temperatures). Dimming speeds of two different CCT lights(2,700K, 6400K) were set to 1.7%/s, 3.3%/s, 5.0%/s, 6.7%/s, and 10.0%/s respectively. Subjects checked the time when they perceived the change of the brightness and visual discomfort. As a result, when dimming speeds were 1.7%/s, 3.3%/s, 5.0%/s, 6.7%/s, more than half of subjects responded the change of the brightness in 55.0~45.0% dimming ratios, and felt the visual discomfort in 35~25% dimming ratios. When the brightness was changed, dimming level responded to the brightness perception of hight CCT(6,400K) was higher about 8.0% then dimming level responded to the brightness perception of low CCT(2,700K). Dimming level responded to the visual discomfort of low CCT(2,700K) was higher about 5.0% then dimming level responded to the visual discomfort of hight CCT(6,400K).

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.455-460
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• 2012

Thirteen taxi drivers as the subject in the experiment were exposed to vertical vibration which is controlled on a rigid seat reflecting vibration on passenger vehicle. They were employed not only to get human response of objective measurement but also to make subjective evaluation of the vibration. The subjective evaluation was estimated using the absolute discomfort threshold of the controlled vibration, which was achieved with the three-down one-up method that is widely used in the field of psychophysics. As the result, apparent mass and apparent eccentric mass as objective human response tend to gradually decrease when frequency of the vibration increases. The absolute discomfort threshold was increased in case of increasing the frequency. Concludingly, the subjective discomfort evaluation is highly correlated with the objective human responses at the range of idle vibration on passenger vehicle.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.422-428
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• 2012

Thirteen taxi drivers as the subject in the experiment were exposed to vertical vibration which is controlled on a rigid seat reflecting vibration on passenger vehicle. They were employed not only to get human response of objective measurement but also to make subjective evaluation of the vibration. The subjective evaluation was estimated using the absolute discomfort threshold of the controlled vibration, which was achieved with the three-down one-up method that is widely used in the field of psychophysics. As the result, apparent mass and apparent eccentric mass as objective human response tend to gradually decrease when frequency of the vibration increases. The absolute discomfort threshold was increased in case of increasing the frequency. Concludingly, the subjective discomfort evaluation is highly correlated with the objective human responses at the range of idle vibration on passenger vehicle.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to quantitatively investigate perceived discomfort of complex shoulder postures with external loads and to propose a preliminary evaluation scheme of shoulder postures. Twelve healthy male adults participated in an experiment to rate their perceived discomfort of shoulder postures. The independent variables were shoulder flexion angle(45, 90 and 150$^{\circ}$), adduction/abduction angle(-30, -10, 0, 30 and 60$^{\circ}$), and external load(0, 1.5 and 3.0kg). The results revealed that the flexion angle, external load and their interaction significantly affected the perceived discomfort(p$<$0.05) but the effect of adduction/abduction angle on the discomfort was not significant(p$>$0.05). The effect of external load was much larger than that of any other factor with explaining about 81% of the total variation of discomfort scores. Based on the experimental results a preliminary scheme was presented to evaluate the stress of shoulder postures with external loads.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.426-432
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• 2022

HVAC systems play a critical role in reducing energy consumption in buildings. Integrating occupants' thermal comfort evaluation into HVAC control strategies is believed to reduce building energy consumption while minimizing their thermal discomfort. Advanced technologies, such as visual sensors and deep learning, enable the recognition of occupants' discomfort-related actions, thus making it possible to estimate their thermal discomfort. Unfortunately, it remains unclear how accurate a deep learning-based classifier is to recognize occupants' discomfort-related actions in a working environment. Therefore, this research evaluates the classification performance of occupants' discomfort-related actions while sitting at a computer desk. To achieve this objective, this study collected RGB video data on nine college students' cold discomfort-related actions and then trained a deep learning-based classifier using the collected data. The classification results are threefold. First, the trained classifier has an average accuracy of 93.9% for classifying six cold discomfort-related actions. Second, each discomfort-related action is recognized with more than 85% accuracy. Third, classification errors are mostly observed among similar discomfort-related actions. These results indicate that using human action data will enable facility managers to estimate occupants' thermal discomfort and, in turn, adjust the operational settings of HVAC systems to improve the energy efficiency of buildings in conjunction with their thermal comfort levels.