• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.190-199
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• 2023

Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.: Arecaceae) is a dioecious species where only female trees bear fruits. In their natural state, date palms produce dates once a year. However, in Thailand, some trees were observed to produce dates during the off-season, despite no variations in morphology. The availability of such off-season fruits can significantly increase their market value. Interestingly, most female off-season date palms investigated in this study were obtained through micropropagation. Hence, there is an urgent need for genetic markers to distinguish female offseason flowering plantlets within tissue culture systems. In this study, we aimed to develop random amplification of polymorphic DNA-sequence characterized amplified region (RAPD-SCAR) markers for the identification of female off-season flowering date palms cultivated in Thailand. A total of 160 random decamer primers were employed to screen for specific RAPD markers in off-season flowering male and female populations. Out of these, only one primer, OPN-02, generated distinct genomic DNA patterns in female off-season flowering (FOFdp) individuals compared to female seasonal flowering genotypes. Based on the RAPD-specific sequence, specific SCAR primers denoted as FOFdpF and FOFdpR were developed. These SCAR primers amplified a single 517-bp DNA fragment, predominantly found in off-season flowering populations, with an accuracy rate of 60%. These findings underscore the potential of SCAR marker technology for tracking offseason flowering in date palms. Notably, a BLAST analysis revealed a substantial similarity between the SCAR marker sequence and the transcript variant mRNA from Phoenix dactylifera encoding the SET DOMAIN GROUP 40 protein. In Arabidopsis, this protein is involved in the epigenetic regulation of flowering time. The genetic potential of the off-season flowering traits warrants further elucidation.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.50-58
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the growth characteristics and propagation methods of L. obtusiloba as a woody landscape plant. The results are obtained as follows: L. obtusiloba was dioecious shrub and shaped with bush type. Leaves were ovate, obtuse, cordate, 7.05 cm long, 7.20 cm wide, and petiole 2.0 cm long. Flowers of L. obtusiloba were diclinous. Soil acidity ranged from pH 4.06 to 5.53 with the lowest at the Mt. Soo-Ri. Mt. Soo-Ri located near factory district, which was considered to damaged by environmental deteoration. While soil organic matter was highest at Mt. Soo-Ri, inorganic nutrients were low. L. obtusiloba grows in the area with low soil acidity and low content of inorganic. Therefore it seemed to be tolerant to air pollution. L. Obtusiloba was high seed germination rate in the plug box and its shoots were longer than seeding box and softwood cutting of L. obtusiloba showed the rooting rate of 50% at 5,000ppm on June 23. To develop a mass propagation method of Korean native L. obtusiloba through an axillary bud culture as a woody landscape plant, about 2∼3 cm shoots induced from explant were subcultured to new media contained different growth regulators. Shoots multiplied most effectively on a WPM containing 1.0 mg/l BA, producing 5.5 shoots with a shoot length of 2.5 cm per shoot explant.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2010

Decamer RAPD primers were tested on dioeceious and hermaphrodite plants of Commiphora wightii to identify sex-specific molecular markers. Sixty different random decamer primers were screened out of which only three primers were found to be associated with sex expression. A ~1,280-bp fragment from the primer OPN06 was found to be present in all the female individuals. Another primer OPN 16 produced a unique ~400-bp amplification product in only hermaphrodite individuals. The third marker, OPA20 amplified a ~1,140-bp fragment from female and hermaphrodite DNAs, but failed to do so from the male plant DNAs.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.163-174
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• 2016

Gnetum (Gnetaceae, Gnetales) is a gymnosperm genus with ca. 35 species distributed in tropical forests around the world. Due to its dioecious habit and lack of diagnostic characters from vegetative tissue, the identification of Gnetum species is not easy without seeds or reproductive structures. To identify and verify their phylogenetic positions, we applied DNA barcoding to Cambodian Gnetum collections gathered between 2010 and 2015, with previously designed cp matK gene primers. We newly sequenced partial matK sequences from 72 Gnetum collections, 43 out of 72 from Cambodia, and analyzed 115 Gnetum accessions using the neighbor-joining method. The resulting neighbor-joining tree categorized Cambodian Gnetum samples into three clades of species: G. macrostachyum, G. montanum, and G. aff. gracilipes. The recognition of G. aff. gracilipes in Cambodia is reported here for the first time. Taxonomic information for the three recognized Cambodian Gnetum species is provided and the benefits of the taxonomic reevaluation assisted by DNA barcoding are emphasized in this work.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.100-108
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• 2022

한반도 미기록 외래식물인 서양쐐기풀(쐐기풀과)를 한강 수계에서 발견하였다. 서양쐐기풀은 유럽, 온대 아시아, 서북아프리카 원산으로 알려져 있으며, 세계의 여러 지역에 도입되어 있는데 특히, 동아시아(일본), 오세아니아, 남아메리카에서 외래종으로 보고되었다. 본 분류군은 단성화이며, 자웅이주를 가지는 특징에 의해 근연분류군과 구분된다. Neighbor-Joining 계통수에서 국내 난지한강공원과 양재천에서 채집된 서양쐐기풀은 U. dioica s.s.군으로 유집되었다. 주요 형질에 대한 기재문과 화상자료 및 검색표를 제시하였다.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2005

Rumex acetosa L. is a dioecious flowering plant with well developed sex chromosome system: 2n = 12 + XX in the female plants and 2n = 12 + XY1Y2 in the male plants. To isolate sex-linked DNA, we carried out chromosome micromanipulation, followed by DOP-PCR, AFLP of the PCR products, reverse Southern hybridization and sequence analysis. From 500 AFLP specific clones, 13 X-chromosome and 5 Y-chromosome specific clones were obtained. Except one clone RADAX-239 ($\underline{R}umex\;\underline{a}-\underline{D}OP-PCR-\underline{A}FLP-\underline{Y}-chromosome\;specific$), all clones appear to be R. acetosa plant-specific sequences and non-coding sequences. Southern blot analysis using these clones could not discriminate genomic DNAs either from male or female plants. Results of this study imply that both autosome-origin and degeneration of sex chromosomes are prevalent in plant systems.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.234-240
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• 2005

본 연구는 강원도 일원에서 수집된 왕머루 (GW-22, GW-45, GW-56, GW-200, GW-202, GW-300)의 화형에 따른 화분 특성 및 포도와 교배친화성을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 각각의 꽃 구조와 화분발아능력, 화분 형태, 화분크기 및 포도와 교배화합성을 조사하였다. GW-22와 GW-56의 꽃은 암술이 퇴화하고, 5개의 수술대가 곧은 직선이었다. 이들 각각의 계통은 인공배지에서 화분발아율은 $27.6{\sim}29.8%$였다. GW-45, GW-200, GW-202, GW-300의 꽃은 잘 발달된 암술과 5개의 수술대가 바깥쪽으로 말린 형태였다. 이들 계통은 모두 인공배지에서 화분발아율은 0%였다. 이들 계통은 자가수분된 머루에서는 과립과 종자를 얻을 수 없었다. 머루간의 상호교배에서는 착과율이 $14.1{\sim}45.4%$였다. 따라서 왕머루의 꽃 형태는 Vitis종의 자웅이주식물이다. 암머루와 수머루의 교배시 정상적인 종자를 형성하였고, 포도와 수머루의 교배시 정상적인종자를 형성하였다. 그러나 암머루와 암머루의 교배시 종자를 형성하지 못하였다. 그러므로 머루는 포도와 상호교배친화성이 있으며, 왕머루계통은 포도속 식물의 육종연구에 기여할 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2021

자웅이주 식물로 알려진 Schisandra nigra Max. (흑오미자)는 우리나라 제주도에 자생하고 있으며, 열매를 얻기 위해 일부 농가에서 재배되고 있다. 열매 생산을 위해서는 수그루에 비해 암그루의 가치가 더 높기 때문에 묘목단계에서 일찍 성별을 아는 것은 중요하다. 이 연구에서는 S. nigra의 유전체에서 암그루에 특이적인 부위에 관련된 SCAR 마커를 개발하였다. 120개의 무작위로 구성된 RAPD 프라이머 중에서 OPB-03 프라이머가 암그루에서 749 bp의 밴드를 안정적으로 증폭시켰다. 암그루 특이적인 PCR 산물을 분리하여 클로닝한 뒤 염기서열을 결정하였다. 이 암그루 특이적인 절편을 탐침으로 사용한 Southern hybridization에서 암그루에서만 양성반응이 나타나고 수그루에서는 잡종화가 일어나지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 749 bp의 DNA 절편이 암그루의 유전체에는 존재하지만, 수그루에는 없음을 시사하였다. RAPD 마커로부터 암그루에서만 436 bp를 증폭시키는 SCAR 프라이머를 설계하였다. 이 프라이머 쌍은 암그루와 자생지에서 수집한 4개의 자웅동주 식물에서만 예상되었던 크기의 DNA 절편을 증폭하였다. 이 연구에서 개발된 SCAR 마커는 묘목 단계에서 암꽃이 피는 개체를 선발하는데 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.119-127
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• 1987

On the east slope of the front ranges of the Colorado Rockies, USA, three species of Populus are distributed at different elevations from the Great Plains to the timberline. At elevations 1, 720m (P. sargentii), 2, 335m (P.angustifolia) and 3, 190m (P.tremuloides) chlorophyll cotents of leaves of thses dioecious trees were determined. Total chlorophyll content was in the range of 0.86-1.56mg/g leaf, increasing with elevation as a second-degree polynomial, and the peak content was estimated to be reached at about 2, 800m. Total chlorophyll content was greater in female than in male trees in the two higher elevation species, but not in P. sargentii, the low elevation species. Chlorophyll b content was greater than chlorophyll a content in the same two higher elevation species. The increase of chlorophyll b than to increase of chlorophyll a content. These phenomena appear to be the result of adaptation of these species to different environmental conditional at different elevation. Sequential distribution of plant populations on environmental gradients in such a way that variation in given plant characters paralell the environmental gradient must occur not only in ecotypes of a species, but also in different but closely related species.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2014

A sex-linked random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker was identified from Asparagus officinalis L. and was converted into a sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) marker for the large-scale screening of male and female plants. A total of 100 arbitrary decamer oligonucleotide primers were used for the RAPD analysis. Among them, the primer UBC347 amplified one female-specific 400 base pair DNA. Subsequently, the amplified RAPD fragment was cloned and sequenced. The fragment was abundant in AT and shared sequence homology with retrotransposon elements. On the basis of the sequence obtained, a pair of SCAR primer was designed. The amplification product, named F400, was the same size as the respective RAPD fragment from which it was derived. The F400 SCAR marker resulted to be female-specific in the three asparagus varieties tested in this study. This SCAR marker can be used for an early and rapid identification of female and male plants during breeding programs of asparagus.