• Title/Summary/Keyword: Digital-Design

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Design of an 1.8V 6-bit 1GS/s 60mW CMOS A/D Converter Using Folding-Interpolation Technique (Folding-Interpolation 기법을 이용한 1.8V 6-bit 1GS/s 60mW 0.27$mm^2$ CMOS A/D 변환기의 설계)

  • Jung, Min-Ho;Moon, Jun-Ho;Hwang, Sang-Hoon;Song, Min-Kyu
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.44 no.11
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    • pp.74-81
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    • 2007
  • In this paper, CMOS analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a 6-bit 1GSPS at 1.8V is described. The architecture of the proposed ADC is based on a folding type ADC using resistive interpolation technique for low power consumption. To reduce the power consumption, a folder reduction technique to decrease the number of folding blocks (NFB) by half of the conventional ones is proposed. further, a novel layout technique is introduced for compact area. With the clock speed of 1GSPS, the ADC achieves an effective resolution bandwidth (ERBW) of 500MHz, while consuming only 60mW of power. The measured INL and DNL were within $\pm$0.5 LSB, $\pm$0.7 LSB, respectively. The measured SNR was 34.1dB, when the Fin=100MHz at Fs=300MHz. The active chip occupies an area of 0.27$mm^2$ in 0.18um CMOS technology.

Audio Quality Enhancement at a Low-bit Rate Perceptual Audio Coding (저비트율로 압축된 오디오의 음질 개선 방법)

  • 서정일;서진수;홍진우;강경옥
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.21 no.6
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    • pp.566-575
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    • 2002
  • Low-titrate audio coding enables a number of Internet and mobile multimedia streaming service more efficiently. For the help of next-generation mobile telephone technologies and digital audio/video compression algorithm, we can enjoy the real-time multimedia contents on our mobile devices (cellular phone, PDA notebook, etc). But the limited available bandwidth of mobile communication network prohibits transmitting high-qualify AV contents. In addition, most bandwidth is assigned to transmit video contents. In this paper, we design a novel and simple method for reproducing high frequency components. The spectrum of high frequency components, which are lost by down-sampling, are modeled by the energy rate with low frequency band in Bark scale, and these values are multiplexed with conventional coded bitstream. At the decoder side, the high frequency components are reconstructed by duplicating with low frequency band spectrum at a rate of decoded energy rates. As a result of segmental SNR and MOS test, we convinced that our proposed method enhances the subjective sound quality only 10%∼20% additional bits. In addition, this proposed method can apply all kinds of frequency domain audio compression algorithms, such as MPEG-1/2, AAC, AC-3, and etc.

Pliot Building of the Management System for River Thematic Maps (하천주제도 관리시스템 시범구축)

  • Park, Jin-Hyeog;Lee, Geun-Sang;Koh, Deuk-Koo;Kim, Kye-Hyun;Kim, Seong-Joon
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.95-102
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    • 2005
  • Currently, the government has been established GIS DB related to river as a part of the river map digitization projects such as RIMGIS and flood map. This study was aimed to demonstrate the generation of thematic maps related to river space and their management system, the one of the major river thematic maps proposed from the precedent study "Establishment of River Thematic Map Project" in an effort to maximize the utilization of river related database, the major product of the project for digitization of river maps. This study includes amending database model for building river thematic maps. Also, metadata were amended and built for efficient management and distribution of the river related data based on the national standard metadata proposed from "Establishing Standard Metadata" sponsored by National Geography Institute in 2003 for more effective management of river thematic maps. In addition, this study analyzed the method for utilizing existing data from RIMGIS and WAMIS as well as digital topographic maps to produce 25 river thematic maps in accordance of defined building procedure. Management system of the river thematic maps for Kyungan watershed has been generated for effective managing river thematic maps based on the design and pilot generation of river thematic maps, and metadata management function has been added into the management system.

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Design and Implementation of STEAM Game Contents for infant Learning Education using Gyroscope Sensor

  • Song, Mi-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.93-99
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    • 2020
  • With the development of digital technology and the increasing demand for learning how to improve one's ability to solve problems through play and participation interactions, a variety of edutainment game contents are being developed. The edutainment game contents developed until recently have received a large number of contents for intelligence development and transfer of knowledge such as Korean and English mathematics for children and children. Recently, there have been various researches on the necessity and effect of STEAM education that foster convergent science and technology talents with comprehensive thinking ability and scientific inquiry spirit through the fusion education method among the subjects including science, technology, engineering, mathematics, And there is a growing need for the development of a parish suitable for STEAM education. However, there is a lack of STEAM educational content development that incorporates the technology of creative convergence talent training to develop talented people who can think and solve problems by crossing various academic boundaries. Therefore, this study develops game contents for early childhood education by combining STEAM education which foster convergent science and technology talents with comprehensive thinking ability and scientific inquiry spirit. And we designed and implemented STEAM game contents for infant learning education which can induce the interest of children and have fun by using gyroscope sensor of smartphone.

An Automated OpenGIS-based Tool Development for Flood Inundation Mapping and its Applications in Jeju Hancheon (OpenGIS 기반 홍수범람지도 작성 자동화 툴 개발 및 제주 한천 적용 연구)

  • Kim, Kyungdong;Kim, Taeeun;Kim, Dongsu;Yang, Sungkee
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.691-702
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    • 2019
  • Flood inundation map has various important roles in terms of municipal planning, timely dam operation, economic levee design, and building flood forecasting systems. Considering that the riparian areas adjacent to national rivers with high potential flood vulnerability conventionally imposed special cares to justify applications of recently available two- or three-dimensional flood inundation numerical models on top of digital elevation models of dense spatial resolution such as LiDAR irrespective of their high costs. On the contrary, local streams usually could not have benefits from recent technological advances, instead they inevitably have relied upon time-consuming manual drawings or have accepted DEMs with poor resolutions or inaccurate 1D numerical models for producing inundation maps due mainly to limited budgets and suitable techniques. In order to efficiently and cost-effectively provide a series of flood inundation maps dedicatedly for the local streams, this study proposed an OpenGIS-based flood mapping tool named Open Flood Mapper (OFM). The spatial accuracy of flood inundation map derived from the OFM was validated throughout comparison with an inundation trace map acquired after typhoon Nari in Hancheon basin located in Jeju Island. Also, a series of inundation maps from the OFM were comprehensively investigated to track the burst of flood in the extreme flood events.

Design of a step-up DC-DC Converter using a 0.18 um CMOS Process (0.18 um CMOS 공정을 이용한 승압형 DC-DC 컨버터 설계)

  • Lee, Ja-kyeong;Song, Han-Jung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.715-720
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    • 2016
  • This paper proposes a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) voltage mode DC-DC step-up converter for portable devices. The converter, which is operated with a 1 MHz switching frequency, is capable of reducing the mounting area of passive devices, such as inductor and capacitor, and is suitable for compact mobile products. This step-up converter consists of a power stage and a control block. The circuit elements of the power stage are an inductor, output capacitor, MOS transistors Meanwhile, control block consist of OPAMP (operational amplifier), BGR (band gap reference), soft-start, hysteresis comparator, and non-overlap driver and some protection circuits (OVP, TSD, UVLO). The hysteresis comparator and non-overlapping drivers reduce the output ripple and the effects of noise to improve safety. The proposed step-up converter was designed and verified in Magnachip/Hynix 0.18um 1-poly, 6-metal CMOS process technology. The output voltage was 5 V with a 3.3 V input voltage, output current of 100 mA, output ripple less than 1% of the output voltage, and a switching frequency of 1 MHz. These designed DC-DC step-up converters could be applied to the Personal Digital Assistants(PDA), cellular Phones, Laptop Computer, etc.

Analysis of Abroad Mid- to Long-Term R&D Themes and Market Information in the Geological Information and Mineral Resources Fields (지질정보 및 광물자원 분야 국외 중장기 연구개발 주제 및 시장정보 분석)

  • Ahn, Eun-Young
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.52 no.6
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    • pp.637-645
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    • 2019
  • Due to the transformation to the intelligent information society, the rapid change of our life and environment is expected. The Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) and the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) introduced a five-year government supported research institution's planning and evaluation based on the mid-to long-term perspective. This study collects international benchmarking information including industry, academia, and research fields by collecting mid- and long-term strategy reports from public research institutes, surveys by experts from abroad universities and research institutes, and analyzing overseas market information reports. The British Geological Survey (BGS), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the japanese geological survey related institutes (AIST-GSJ) plans for three-dimensional national geological information, predictions of geological environmental disasters, and development of important metals and material in the low carbon economic transformation and in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The mid- and long-term program emphasizes basic and public research on geological information through abroad experts survey such as the IPGP-CNRS etc. The market analysis of the mining automation and digital map sectors has been able to derive the fields in which the role of public research institutes by the market is expected such as data collection on land and in the air, mobile or three-dimensional information production, smooth/fast/real-time maps, custom map design, mapping support to various platforms, geological environmental risk assessment and disaster management information and maps.

Design and Implementation of Internet Spatial Data Service Component based Open GIS Specification (개방형 GIS 기반 인터넷 공간 데이터서비스 컴포넌트의 설계 및 구현)

  • Choi, Sang-Kil;Lee, Jin-Kyu;Lee, Jong-Won;Kim, Jang-Su
    • Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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    • v.1 no.2 s.2
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    • pp.21-31
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    • 1999
  • In accordance with the completion of the spatial database building works in the central and/or local government authorities as well as the rapid popularization of various information services through internet, it is heavily required to provide spatial information services through World Wide Web. To provide a qualified spatial information service, it is crucial to have a Web-based GIS (Geographic Information Service) service system equipped with the publicity, the convenient accessibility, and the easy-to-use user interface. In this paper, we introduce a new component system for Web-based spatial information services based on the OpenGIS Simple Feature specification for OLE/COM[3] and OLE DB specification[4]. The important functionality of a Web-based spatial information service system includes its accessibility of various existing GIS server system and huge databases in addition to the resolution of response-time delay problems caused by transmitting a large amount of digital maps via internet[6]. To cope with these problems, our component system has been designed to access heterogeneous databases in transparent manner and to support vector-based and/or image-based image production techniques for shortening transmission time.

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A STUDY ON THE FIT OF THE IMPLANT-ABUTMENT-SCREW INTERFACE (임플란트-지대주-나사의 적합에 관한 연구)

  • Kim Nak-Hyung;Chung Chae-Heon;Son Mee-Kyoung;Back Dae-Hwa
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.503-518
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    • 2003
  • Statement of problem : There have been previous studies about considerable variations in machining accuracy and consistency in the implant-abutment-screw interfaces. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of implant/abutment/screw combinations on two randomly selected implants from each of four manufactures. Material and methods : In this study, screws were respectively used to secure a cemented abutment, to a hexlock implant fixture ; teflon coated titanium alloy screw(Torq-Tite) and titanium alloy screw in Steri--Oss system, gold-plated gold-palladium alloy screw(Gold-Tite) and titanium alloy screw in 3i system gild screw ana titanium screw in AVANA Dental Implant system, and titanium screws in Paragon System. The implants were perpendicularly mounted in polymethyl methacrylate autopolymerizing acrylic resin block(Orthodontic resin, Densply International Inc. USA) by use of dental surveyer. Each abutment screw was secured to the implant with recommended torque value using a digital torque controller. Each screw was again tightened after 10 minutes. All samples were cross sectioned with grinder-polisher unit(Omnilap 2000 SBT Inc) after embeded in liquid unsaturated polyester (Epovia, Cray Valley Inc) Results : There were the largest gaps in the neck areas of screws in hexagonal extension implants which were examined in this study. The leading edge of the abutment screw thread (superior surface) was in contact with the implant body thread, and the majority of the contacting surfaces were localized to the middle portion of the mating threads. Considerable variation in the contacting surfaces was noted in the samples evaluated. Amounts of contact in the abutment screw thread were larger for assemblies with Gold-Tite screw, gold alloy screw. Torq-Tite screw than those with titanium screws. The findings of intimate contact between the screw and screw seat were seen in all samples, regardless of manufacturers. However, microgap between the head and lateral neck surface of the screw and the abutment could be dectected in all samples. The findings of intimate contact between the platform of the implant and the bottom of the abutment were consistent in all samples, regardless of manufacturers. However, microgaps between the lateral surface of external hex of the fixture and the abutment could be dectected in all samples. Conclusion : Considerable variations in machining accuracy and consistency were noted in the samples and the implant-abutment-screw interfaces were incomplete. From the results of this study, further development of the system will be required, including improvements in pattern design.

FIT OF FIXTURE/ABUTMENT INTERFACE OF INTERNAL CONNECTION IMPLANT SYSTEM (내측연결 임플란트 시스템에서 고정체와 지대주 연결부의 적합에 관한 연구)

  • Lee Heung-Tae;Chung Chae-Heon
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.192-209
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    • 2004
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the machining accuracy and consistency of implant/abutment/screw combination or internal connection type. Material and methods: In this study, each two randomly selected internal implant fixtures from ITI, 3i, Avana, Bicon, Friadent, Astra, and Paragon system were used. Each abutment was connected to the implant with 32Ncm torque value using a digital torque controller or tapping. All samples were cross-sectioned with grinder-polisher unit (Omnilap 2000 SBT Inc) after embeded in liquid unsaturated polyester (Epovia, Cray Valley Inc). Then optical microscopic and scanning electron microscopic(SEM) evaluations of the implant-abutment interfaces were conducted to assess quality of fit between the mating components. Results : 1) Generally, the geometry of the internal connection system provided for a precision fit of the implant/abutment into interface. 2) The most precision fit of the implant/abutment interface was provided in the case of Bicon System which has not screw. 3) The fit of the implant/abutment interface was usually good in the case of ITI, 3I and Avana system and the amount of fit of the implant/abutment interface was similar to each other. 4) The fit of the implant/abutment interface was usually good in the case of Friadent, Astra and Paragon system. The case of Astra system with the inclined contacting surface had the most Intimate contact among them. 5) Amount of intimate contact in the abutment screw thread to the mating fixture was larger in assembly with two-piece type which is separated screw from abutment such as Friadent, Astra and Paragon system than in that with one-piece type which is not seperated screw from abutment such as ITI, 3I and Avana system. 6) Amount of contact in the screw and the screw seat of abutment was larger in assembly of Friadent system than in asembly of Astra system of Paragon system. Conclusion: Although a little variation in machining accuracy and consistency was noted in the samples, important features of all internal connection systems were the deep, internal implant-abutment connections which provides intimate contact with the implant walls to resist micro-movement, resulting in a strong stable interface. From the results of this study, further research of the stress distribution according to the design of internal connection system will be required.