• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1194-1210
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• 2010

The influence of digital media according to environmental change of multi-media came to have significance more than what we imagine. In accordance with high resolution of HDTV in digital media era, the cautious awareness is required for skin color by the immediate color such as replica of TV color, lighting and clothing. As for the broadcasting makeup expression technique caused by a change in broadcasting environment in the digital media era, the first, There is necessity for natural makeup technique, and for expressing the whole makeup evenly and very delicately. The makeup work gets much more delicate. For the delicate expression, more time is being required than the existing makeup time. Second, Lots of time and manpower are required for elaborate real-object processing on all the production fields such as background set, stage properties, and makeup. Third, Realistic expression is available on the screen. Importance of basic makeup is highlighted. Thus, even the skin care shop came to be prevalent. Development in only HD cosmetics is needed for foundation with fine particle in new material and with diverse colors hereafter. The video-media field is a method that is ignored a sense of distance through vehicles such as camera, picture tube, and several kinds of broadcasting machinery and equipment and that is delivered vividly to viewers through screen, unlike the stage makeup, thereby being needed the makeup technology proper for HDTV according to the changing broadcasting environment and media. The video machinery and equipment are proceeding with being gradually high-tech and precise. Thus, an expert in makeup needs to know common sense on the video machinery and equipment before makeup, and needs to make an effort according to it. And, a follow-up research can be said to be necessary on the advance in makeup method and on more diverse dedicated cosmetics along with a research on color tone proper for HDTV.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.5
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• pp.48-63
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• 2011

Digital makeup(DM), depending upon computer graphic softwares, is applied to various fields, e.g. character works in movie and game industries and visual printouts in printing works. Focused on makeup field, DM is extremely conducive to developing, scientizing and informationalizing makeup patterns. Despite of unlimited potential of DM of which market size has been growing day by day, its practical use by domestic makeup experts and educators is much less active than expected as far, due to the lack of knowledge accumulation. The purpose of this study is to suggest some theoretical frameworks to generalize DM techniques and analyze two cases using the frames therefore support academicians' recent efforts to theorize DM techniques. The study 1) defines and categorizes the concepts of DM and DFX(digital special effect); 2) reviews the literature relevant to DM and generalizes the types and methods of DM techniques; 3) applies general frames to analyzing two movie cases, famous for their DM effects; 4) then suggests, based upon analytical results, some efficient ways for makeup experts to use DM techniques in practice. This study contributes to providing the theoretical grounds to conceptualize DM thus broadening makeup artists' interests in DM and awakening the scholarly concerns in cultural technology including DM.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1019-1026
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose a new method of eye, face, and lip makeup techniques on the target face image from several makeup examples without losing detail features such as eyelids, eyebrows, hair. After detection of the feature layer for the skin, we applied our makeup techniques to the target face by using a blending technique. We used a cartoon rendering using bilateral filter. In order to smoothly makeup the target face, we created two Gaussian Weight maps for natural skin makeup effects. Our method did not need to perform complex operations, so the makeup results are so natural. Our experimental results show good performances in various makeups.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2019

In the movie market, make-up shows various ways of make up in professional technology as the industry develops. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the trend of making a movie with a change in the type of movie Regarding the characteristics of makeup in the early days of silent films, the stage makeup was fully used. also in the days of sound films, the realistic and concrete makeup was expressed such as straight makeup, character makeup, Special effects makeup, and digital makeup. With the development of the fourth industry, CGI special effects have become possible not only in the background of movies but also in makeup. In the movie, makeup does not use CGI makeup alone, but it is used in a combination of straight makeup, character makeup, and special effects makeup. That's why a variety of makeup needs to be taught. In the future, the domestic film industry should establish the improvement measures for educating the techniques of prosthetic/digital makeup by securing the sufficient finances to more vitalize the film industry of Korea in domestic/foreign markets.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.105-121
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• 2021

Purpose Today, through digital services, many people enjoy a conveient and comfortable life. Nevertheless, it is easy to find people in our daily lives who are buried in work without any payment that we did not do before digital services. Such un-payed works under digital environment are called digital shadow works. The purpose of this study is to classification and dynamics of digital shadow works and to suggest research direction. Design/methodology/approach Based on two dimension, voluntary participation ('should' type and 'want' type) and work orientation (management-operation), digital shadow works were classified into four categories - chore, makeup, routine, and quest. Findings In digital shadow work there are four types of dynamics - routine and quest, makeup and chore, makeup and quest, and quest and actions in offline. According to the classification and analysis of dynamics, three research directions in digital shadow work are suggested and discussed- digital shadow works operation mechanism considering dynamics, expansion of existing user theories based on survey method by digital shadow works and social influences by digital shadow works.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.57-66
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to design appropriate digital tools for the production of makeup designs. In this study, we used a three-dimensional facial avatar simulation program developed by the Electronics and Telecommunications Research. This study is based on the creation of three-dimensional CG digital art of facial avatar makeup, produced by using simulation technology. First, the actual application and the tools for digital-optimization and media features were created, leading to the research and cleanup. Second, the theoretical background was applied to the formative elements of oriental colors in the designing process. Makeup design elements include point, line, surface, color, and texture. In this study, effective makeup design was interpreted to be based on the representation of particular elements, notably the design principles of balance, proportion, rhythm, repetition, emphasis, contrast, harmony, and unity. In Asia, design is based on the visibility of red, blue, black, yellow, and white-the colors of the five elements-and the use of points, lines, and shapes. This study was recently under scrutiny in relations to digital simulation and various three-dimensional designs, in terms of how to take advantage of a wide range of applications, and how to apply the findings through media and the dissemination of basic research. This study applies the characteristics of the limited existing stereoscopic three-dimensional and digital simulation programs in order to take advantage of the empirical research, providing a basis to implement this research in a meaningful way. A follow-up study is needed to extend these findings and theoretical foundation through continuous observation and in-depth technical development and research.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1653-1662
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• 2018

Inspired by the increasing popularity of cosmetic-related mobile application as a tool for instant beautification, the present study examined colors of virtual makeup templates and makeup looks. A survey study was performed by thirty-six respondents to determine the top three desirable virtual makeup templates among nineteen templates. The templates of 'Bella', 'Hilary' and 'Cara' were then analyzed by makeup specialists and color experts for the evaluation of their makeup design and colors. Each color feature of three makeup templates were also evaluated through statistical analysis of ANOVA on the measure of $L^*a^*b^*$ crossed with five types of face elements on three types of virtual makeup images. Overall results indicate that Korean female users in their 20s and 30s preferred a similar makeup concept appeared in makeup template and key worlds. They also preferred a pale skin tone with higher lightness and a slightly higher saturated lip color as an emphasis than other features.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to make theoretical examinations into the makeup trend shown in digital communication environment and thereby determine potential associations of makeup trend with digital communication environment and characterize said trend, so that it can provide reference materials required for follow-up studies. This study comes to the following findings: First, it is found that there are sociocultural characteristics of digital communication environment, such as interactivity, technology-orientedness, sentiment-orientedness and mixture of time and space. Secondly, it is found that trends developed in makeup fall categorically into interactivity, virtuality, amusement and mobility. Thirdly, it is found that each type of digital communication adopts a mixture and juxtaposition of contemporary styles or categories with traditional ones through eclectic combination based on open-minded and horizontal ideas. Fourthly, it is found that a trend from digital communication environment doesn't coincide perfectly with any makeup trend, but the former trend works interactively and organically with the latter trend on the basis of homogeneity and similarity within a general framework that represents external esthetics of human being. With the creation of digital communication environment, our contemporary society forms as the complex phenomena of digital society in a combination and destruction of different categories beyond any certain international boundary, so that a hybrid tendency appears in contemporary makeup trend as well. Based on these findings, this study has its implications in the sense that it gives a new viewpoint based on design, formative characteristics and expression styles of makeup, and also provides useful reference materials for related industrial sectors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.64-79
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• 2010

The digital era in the 21st century is globalized and is collapsed boundary among countries, thereby being able to be said to be characterized most largely by proceeding with being a form like a federation and EU. A change into digital era brought about a change in all the aspects of human behavior and culture, not a change simply in temporal significance and technological significance. In recent days, all the services came to be possibly used the integrated device with the same network owing to innovation of communication technology, which is represented by digital, network, and internet. Now, the broadcasting industry, computer industry, and communication industry are exceeding the peculiar sphere by being mutually merged. Each of industrial sector centering on internet is showing the phenomenon of being united. The hybrid trend, which was formed by phenomenon in the complex digital media society, tended to be indicated in fashion and makeup design. As the digital media era was generated, the hybrid trend induced a change into society in open and horizontal idea. It came to be known that there is independent trend in each field even while organically working in the middle of the whole frame that fashion and makeup express a human being's external beauty. This implies that makeup is not what is always influenced by fashion as an accessory in fashion and a supplementary role, but what can show its contrary phenomenon. This study examined characteristics, which are shown in fashion and makeup due to hybrid influence with greeting the digital media era. This study was carried out in order to be conducive to objective data available for giving help to the future direction and marketing data in product of the relevant businesses, through the results of this study.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.635-640
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• 2012

A changed image that they feel through makeup manipulates impression by linking with cultural standards and will be able to direct a variety of makeup images. Makeup in modern society has been expanding into the area of prevention of diseases and health of skin due to the development of cosmetics and has beautifully changed a face into a someone else's face due to the development of makeup technique. Also, assuming that motivation of makeup act of men and women is related to sexual instincts, I tried to analyze what kind of association the gender roles and the function of makeup required by the society has with age and regional and social background. In particular, I tried to explain that makeup act of men not only represents cognitive change of gender roles that have been perceived differently in modern society but has been adopted by men for the pure purpose in a socially equitable competition.