• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.41-56
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the actual condition of wearing leggings and the preferred design of down-aging women in their 30s and 40s who have young sensibility, but are starting to enter a middle-aged body type. By analyzing the problems experienced when wearing leggings in this age group, this study intends to provide basic data for the development of a middle-aged female leggings pattern with an improved fit. Therefore, a survey was conducted on 214 women in their 30s and 40s. The results of the survey are as follows. Among down-aging women who want to look younger, leggings are becoming an essential item, but most leggings brands are producing leggings with patterns suitable for women in their 20s. The results of this study also showed that down-aging women in their 30s and 40s mainly purchase and prefer body-fitting leggings. However, they are experiencing discomfort due to 'Y-zone accentuate', 'undergarment accentuate', 'cloth stucking', and 'waist band curling and tightening'. The results indicate that women in their 30s and 40s, who are starting to change to a middle-aged body type, have fit problems. Women in their 20s generally prefer functions that improve the body line, while those in their 30s and 40s prefer functions that improve movement and cover problems caused by the abdomen and the Y-zone area. Therefore, when designing leggings for down-aging women in their 30s and 40s, based on body-fitting leggings, a material with excellent elasticity must be selected. Also develop patterns that solves 'Y-zone accentuate', 'undergarment accentuate', 'cloth stucking', and 'waist band curling and tightening' problems.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.146-157
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• 2023

The bite collapses due to posterior teeth loss or wear results in inadequate space for restoration and esthetic concerns. Increasing the occlusal vertical dimension to improve space deficiency rotates the mandible posteriorly, creating a gap between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth, leading to loss of anterior guidance. To solve this problem, the prosthodontics or orthodontics treatments are the commonly used methods for proper anterior guidance. However, it is reasonable to assume that the anterior teeth can naturally relapse to their original position when the occlusal force is eliminated. Therefore, this case report aimed to test whether natural relapse could recover the lost anterior guidance to develop a less invasive and more convenient treatment method. Digital superimposition was used to evaluate the changes in anterior teeth alignment to confirm the change of the recovered anterior guidance. The appropriate indications for this new treatment method were defined and applied clinically.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.605-610
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• 2009

Purpose: Substantial tissue necrosis after snake bites requiring coverage with flap surgery is extremely rare. In this article, we report 7 cases of soft tissue defects in the upper and the lower extremities caused by snake bites, which needed to be covered with flaps. Among the vast mass of publications on snake bites there has been no report that focuses on flap coverage of soft tissue defects due to snake bite sequelae. Methods: Seven cases of soft tissue defects with tendon, ligament, or bone exposure after snake bites were included. All patients were males without comorbidities, the average age was 35 years. All of them required coverage with a flap. In 6 cases, the defect was localized on the upper extremity, in one case the lesion was on the lower extremity. Local flaps were used in 6 cases, one case was covered with a free flap. The surgical procedures included one kite flap, one cross finger flap and digital nerve reconstruction with a sural nerve graft, one reverse proximal phalanx island flap, one groin flap, one adipofascial flap, one neurovascular island flap, and one anterolateral thigh free flap. The average interval from injury to flap surgery was 23.7 days. Results: All flaps survived without complication. All patients regained a good range of motion in the affected extremity. Donor site morbidities were not observed. The case with digital nerve reconstruction recovered a static two point discrimination of 7 mm. The patient with foot reconstruction can wear normal shoes without a debulking procedure. Conclusion: The majority of soft tissue affection after snake bites can be treated conservatively. Some severe cases, however, may require the coverage with flap surgery after radical debridement, especially, if there is exposure of tendon, bone or neurovascular structures. There is no doubt that definite coverage should be performed as soon as possible. But we also want to point out that this principle must not lead to a premature coverage. If the surgeon is not certain that the wound is free of necrotic tissue or remnants of venom, it is better to take enough time to get a proper wound before flap surgery in order to obtain a good functional and cosmetic result.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.357-363
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• 2021

In general, people choose clothes to wear when they go out, referring to real-time weather and temperature. However, it is difficult for an individual to use real-time weather information and his or her temperature sensitivity information to choose the right clothes from among the clothes he or she owns. Existing clothing recommendation systems developed to help with these problems have problems recommending clothes that are not clearly set in the clothing category and are not in the possession of the user. In addition, user-specific temperature sensitivity is not taken into account, resulting in inappropriate clothing recommendations for users. To solve these problems, this study developed a system that determines and registers clothing categories for the clothing owned by the user, and recommends customized clothing for each user by considering temperature sensitivity and real-time weather information. In the case of weather information, not only weather information such as temperature and wind direction, but also clothes based on temperature sensitivity were recommended based on the calculation of temperature sensitivities. A satisfaction survey of 65 university students was conducted to assess the system. As a result, 80% of the respondents were satisfied with the recommended clothing, indicating that the satisfaction of the system was good. Therefore, it is expected that this system will be highly utilized in real life as it will be recommended based on clothes owned by individuals, reflecting individual temperature sensitivity.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.83-90
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• 2023

The recent trend in younger generations of wearing traditional costumes or incorporating fusion hanbok into daily wear necessitates the development of modern hair accessories to complement hanbok. The purpose of this study is to develop practical and modern hair accessory designs inspired by royal women's hair ornaments that complement hanbok, and therefore expand the scope of fashion content development utilizing hanbok culture as well as meeting the demand for various experiences of traditional culture. This research studied the literature on traditional hairstyles and accessories of Queen Yeong and constructed models of these accessories for the purpose of empirical research. The production process first required creating a basic foundation of nylon mesh reflecting the silhouette of a traditional hairstyle, and then grafting a digital textile printed fabric using majestic and extravagant royal relics on top, thus employing the trompe l'oeil technique to ultimately give the impression of wearing traditional jewelry. As a result, a total of six hair accessory designs were completed, produced with hairbands, hair pins, and hair ties. In addition, the accessories are designed to be easily worn regardless of the wearer's hair style, and the stiff yet flexible nylon mesh effectively expresses the shape of a voluminous hairstyle and creates an optical illusion, blending into the hair. These research results present a unique aesthetic and cultural experience to the greater public seeking both daily entertainment and value from rarity.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.15-33
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• 2016

Women in their 30s and 40s, who are at the center of "ageless" and "down-aging" consumer trends, are likely to encounter problems with fitting and size conformity when they wear casual clothes targeting women in their 20s. Hence, differences in upper body sizes and body types between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s were analyzed. The data for this study was from the 6th Size Korea survey of body measurements of 1,675 female adults in their 20s-40s. SPSS 21.0 for Windows was used for analysis of the collected data. To examine differences in average upper body size between women in their 20s and women in their 30s and 40s, descriptive statistics and independent sample t-tests were conducted. Factor and cluster analyses were used to classify body types by age groups. Comparing direct measurement items showed that women in their 20s tend to have higher average values for most height-related items-including body height-and lower average values for circumference, thickness, and width than women in their 30s and 40s. Factors in determining the upper body shapes of women in their 20s to 40s were narrowed to five; through a cluster analysis, upper body shapes of women were classified into three body types as follows. Type 1 women are shorter and thinner with small frames; Type 2 women have the highest vertical values for their upper bodies and average values for obesity-related categories of circumference, thickness, and width. Type 3 women are the shortest and has the highest body mass index (BMI), verifiable as obese. By analyzing differences in body type distribution according to age groups, it was found that more than 90% of women in their 20s belong to Types 1 and 2. On the other hand, most women in their 30s and 40s are identified as Type 3.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

Purpose: First introduced by Buncke and Rose in 1979, the neurovascular partial $2^{nd}$ toe pulp free tissue transfer has been attempted to reconstruct posttraumatic finger tip injuries. Although some surgeons prefer other reconstructive methods such as skin graft and local flap, we chose the partial $2^{nd}$ toe pulp flap owing to its many advantages. We report three successful surgical cases in which the patients had undergone this particular method of reconstruction. Methods: We retrospectively examined three cases of fingertip injury patients due to mechanical injury. Bone exposure was seen in all three cases, All had undergone partial toe pulp free flap for soft tissue defect coverage. Results: All flaps survived without any complications such as partial necrosis, hematoma or dehiscence. Although tingling sensation has returned in both cases, two-point discrimination has not returned yet. Currently no patient is complaining of any pain which gradually improved during their course of recuperation. All stitches were removed on postoperative 2 weeks. Patients are satisfied with the final surgical result and there are no signs of any edema or hematoma. Conclusion: The homodigital reconstruction of finger tip injury using the partial $2^{nd}$ toe pulp flap has numerous advantages compared to other reconstructive modalities such as its resistance to wear and tear and in that it provides a non-slip palmar digital surface. However it requires microsurgery which may not be preferred by surgeons. Advanced age of the patient can be a relative contraindication to this approach since atheromatous plaque from the donor toe can compromise flap circulation after surgery. We report three successful cases which patient age was considered appropriate. Further investigation with a larger number of cases and long term follow-up is deemed necessary.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.171-180
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• 2020

Smart Factory consists of digital automation solutions throughout the production process, including design, development, manufacturing and distribution, and it is an intelligent factory that installs IoT in its internal facilities and machines to collect process data in real time and analyze them so that it can control itself. The smart factory's equipment works in a physical combination of numerous hardware, rather than a virtual character being driven by a single object, such as a game. In other words, for a specific common goal, multiple devices must perform individual actions simultaneously. By taking advantage of the smart factory, which can collect process data in real time, if reinforcement learning is used instead of general machine learning, behavior control can be performed without the required training data. However, in the real world, it is impossible to learn more than tens of millions of iterations due to physical wear and time. Thus, this paper uses simulators to develop grid sortation systems focusing on transport facilities, one of the complex environments in smart factory field, and design cooperative multi-agent-based reinforcement learning to demonstrate efficient behavior control.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.97-102
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• 2020

With the advancement of technology, there are almost no constraints on expression in virtual reality (VR) art; however, it still has some limitations. VR artists can be largely classified into two groups in terms of style. The first group is artists who create their works as a live performance. In this case, a major limitation is that the artist cannot see how the audience reacts to the work because he/she wears a VR device while performing, and the audience cannot fully experience the work, since they view it only on-screen without any VR devices. This problem can be solved if all members of the audience wear VR devices; however, that requires astronomical costs and brings about another problem related to device management. If the price of VR devices decreases as technology develops, it may help solve this problem. The second group is exhibition artists who regularly display their works online. In this case, the limitation is that their work using VR remains only in the virtual digital space. In this case, a solution may be creating space in exhibition halls, and providing VR devices to audience members in existing art exhibitions.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.201-213
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• 2008

This study was intended to examine the relationship between lifestyle and school uniform design modification in high school girls and provide basic data for guidance in the wearing of school uniform. The subjects of this study were 585 girls who were in the first and second grades of high schools throughout Gwangju. This study was executed using a questionnaire. The data from this study was processed using SPSS WIN 12.0(Kr). The results were as follows; This study hypothesized that the perception and attitude on school uniform modification would be significantly difference depending on lifestyles in high school girls. The significant differences appeared in a few items. So the results suggested that school uniform modification was a common that appeared in most high school girls. However it was affected by their lifestyle. specifically, a digital-dependence lifestyle group has a few different perceptions and attitudes on school uniform modification than the others. In other words, school uniform modification in high school girls who spend their most time in school is a general and universal clothing behavior by psychological factors rather than the effect of lifestyle. It is considered that rules concerning school uniform modification should allow students to express their individuality within certain limits. Teachers should instruct students to wear appropriate underwear rather than keep students under control with a fixed set of rules. If High school girls have a negative body image as a result of their exposed body, they should receive active educational guidance.