• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.157-157
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• 2017

To minimize the damage by wild birds and acquire the benefits such as protection against weeds and maintenance of water content in soil, the mulching black color vinyl after seeding should be carried out. Non-contact and non-destructive methods that can continuously determine the locations are necessary. In this study, a crop position detection method was studied that uses infrared thermal image sensor to determine the cotyledon position under vinyl mulch. The moving system for acquiring image arrays has been developed for continuously detecting crop locations under plastic mulching on the field. A sliding mechanical device was developed to move the sensor, which were arranged in the form of a linear array, perpendicular to the array using a micro-controller integrated with a stepping motor. The experiments were conducted while moving 4.00 cm/s speed of the IR sensor by the rotational speed of the stepping motor based on a digital pulse width modulation signal from the micro-controller. The acquired images were calibrated with the spatial image correlation. The collected data were processed using moving averaging on interpolation to determine the frame where the variance was the smallest in resolution units of 1.02 cm. Non-linear integral interpolation was one of method for analyzing the frequency using the normalization image and then arbitrarily increasing the limited data value of $16{\times}4pixels$ in one frame. It was a method to relatively reduce the size of overlapping pixels by arbitrarily increasing the limited data value. The splitted frames into 0.1 units instead of 1 pixel can propose more than 10 times more accurate and original method than the existing correction method. The non-integral calibration method was conducted by applying the subdivision method to the pixels to find the optimal correction resolution based on the first reversed frequency. In order to find a correct resolution, the expected location of the first crop was indicated on near pixel 4 in the inversion frequency. For the most optimized resolution, the pixel was divided by 0.4 pixel instead of one pixel to find out where the lowest frequency exists.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2001

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.100-104
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• 2013

In this paper, we present an optimal threshold setting method for flame detection of infrared thermal image. Conventional infrared flame detection methods used fixed intensity threshold to segment candidate flame regions and further processing is performed to decide correct flame detection. So flame region segmentation step using the threshold is important processing for fire detection algorithm. The threshold should be change in input image depends on camera types and operation conditions. We have analyzed the conventional thresholds composed of fixed-intensity, average, standard deviation, maximum value. Finally, we extracted that the optimal threshold value is more than summation of average and standard deviation, and less than maximum value. it will be enhance flame detection rate than conventional fixed-threshold method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.508-515
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• 2011

Bovine incisor was investigated using active infrared thermography(IRT) to visualize crack on bovine teeth. An artificial crack was carefully created in bovine incisor sample by compression load of universal tensile machine. While applying a sinusoidal heat wave to the cracked bovine incisor through halogen lamp, consecutive digital infrared images was captured from the sample surface at a frequency synchronized with heat excitation. Phase information of thermal image was calculated by four-point correlation method and processed to produce the phase image of bovine incisor. This phase image showed clearly the crack on the incisor, which was hardly detected in traditional passive thermography.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1992.07b
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• pp.1250-1254
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• 1992

This paper describes the designed and fabricated thermal imaging system with the SPRITE(Signal PRocessing in The Element) detector, operating in the 3-12 micron band. This system consists of an afocal telescope, a scan unit containing the SPRITE detector, an electronic processor unit and a cooler. The optical scan system utilizing rotating polygon and oscillating mirror, is 2-dimensional serial/parallel scan type using five elements of the detector. And the electronic processor unit performs digital scan conversion to reform the parallel data stream into serial analog data compatable with conventional RS-170 video. The scan field of view is 40 ${\times}$ 26.7 and the MRTD(Minium Resolvable Temperature Difference) is 0.6 K at 7.5 cycles/mm. The acquired thermal image indicates that this system has a satisfactory performance.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.127-146
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• 2020

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly used throughout the facility's life cycle for various applications, such as design, construction, facility management, and maintenance. For existing buildings, the geometry of as-built BIM is often constructed using dense, three dimensional (3D) point clouds data obtained with laser scanners. Traditionally, as-built BIM systems do not contain the material and textural information of the buildings' elements. This paper presents a semi-automatic method for generation of material and texture rich as-built BIM. The method captures and integrates material and textural information of building elements into as-built BIM using thermal infrared sensing (TIS). The proposed method uses TIS to capture thermal images of the interior walls of an existing building. These images are then processed to extract the interior walls using a segmentation algorithm. The digital numbers in the resulted images are then transformed into radiance values that represent the emitted thermal infrared radiation. Machine learning techniques are then applied to build a correlation between the radiance values and the material type in each image. The radiance values were used to extract textural information from the images. The extracted textural and material information are then robustly integrated into the as-built BIM providing the data needed for the assessment of building conditions in general including energy efficiency, among others.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.3475-3489
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• 2014

Here we present a simple flame detection method for an infrared (IR) thermal camera based real-time fire surveillance digital signal processor (DSP) system. Infrared thermal cameras are especially advantageous for unattended fire surveillance. All-weather monitoring is possible, regardless of illumination and climate conditions, and the data quantity to be processed is one-third that of color videos. Conventional IR camera-based fire detection methods used mainly pixel-based temporal correlation functions. In the temporal correlation function-based methods, temporal changes in pixel intensity generated by the irregular motion and spreading of the flame pixels are measured using correlation functions. The correlation values of non-flame regions are uniform, but the flame regions have irregular temporal correlation values. To satisfy the requirement of early detection, all fire detection techniques should be practically applied within a very short period of time. The conventional pixel-based correlation function is computationally intensive. In this paper, we propose an IR camera-based simple flame detection algorithm optimized with a compact embedded DSP system to achieve early detection. To reduce the computational load, block-based calculations are used to select the candidate flame region and measure the temporal motion of flames. These functions are used together to obtain the early flame detection algorithm. The proposed simple algorithm was tested to verify the required function and performance in real-time using IR test videos and a real-time DSP system. The findings indicated that the system detected the flames within 5 to 20 seconds, and had a correct flame detection ratio of 100% with an acceptable false detection ratio in video sequence level.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.219-232
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• 2000

Objective : The meridian and the acupuncture point of oriental medicine are very important in the department of acupuncture and moxibustion. Recently, we needed to study on the phenomenon of the meridian and acupuncture point with objective data. And then, I made a study of effects on the thermal changes of Five-shu-points(五輸穴) of the Lung meridian with acupuncture on Taeyon($L_9$, 太淵), using Digital infrared thermal imaging(D.I.T.I). Method : This study researched into clinical statistics for 60 men who are in good health. The objective was divided into two groups, one was the control group(CON, N=30) and the other was acupuncture group(ACU, N=30). The first, I took a picture for 60 men with the Digital infrared thermal imaging(D.I.T.I.). After 10 minutes, I took a second picture for each group following experimental methods. Results : I. The Mean temperature of Sasang($L_{11}$), Oje($L_{10}$), Taeyon($L_9$), Kyonggo($L_8$), Choldaek($L_5$) and Taenung($P_7$) area in adult men with good health, made a no significant difference with left and right side points. 2. Acupuncture group with acupuncture stimularion on Taeyon($L_9$) had a effect on much thermal changes of Sasang($L_{11}$), Oje($L_{10}$), Taeyon($L_9$), Kyonggo($L_8$) and Choldaek($L_5$) than control group. The thermal changes of the area which is a meridian point in the Lung Meridian of acupuncture group differed from control group with significant decrease and increase following the decreasing or increasing temperature class. Each class of ascent and descent thermal change was statistically significant value compared with control group. 3. Acupuncture group with acupuncture stimulation on Taeyon($L_9$) had not a effect on thermal changes of Taenung($P_7$) area than control group. And the increasing and decreasing temperature class of the acupuncture group did not significantly differ from control group. Conclusion : I could think that the acupuncture on Taeyon($L_9$) affected the thermal change of the area which is the Five-shu-points in the Lung Meridian. And then I could relate these results with the existence of the meridian and acupuncture point.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.63-70
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• 2018

Biomedical signal measurement technology using images has been developed, and researches on respiration signal measurement technology for maintaining life have been continuously carried out. The existing technology measured respiratory signals through a thermal imaging camera that measures heat emitted from a person's body. In addition, research was conducted to measure respiration rate by analyzing human chest movement in real time. However, the image processing using the infrared thermal image may be difficult to detect the respiratory organ due to the external environmental factors (temperature change, noise, etc.), and thus the accuracy of the measurement of the respiration rate is low.In this study, the images were acquired using visible light and infrared thermal camera to enhance the area of the respiratory tract. Then, based on the two images, features of the respiratory tract region are extracted through processes such as face recognition and image matching. The pattern of the respiratory signal is classified through the k-nearest neighbor classifier, which is one of the statistical classification methods. The respiration rate was calculated according to the characteristics of the classified patterns and the possibility of breathing rate measurement was verified by analyzing the measured respiration rate with the actual respiration rate.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

Objectives : This study is designed to evaluate the diagnostic significances of DITI on the patients of low back pain according to impression, symptoms and medical history. Methods : According to impression, symptoms and medical history, thermal changes of $BL_{23}$, $BL_{26}$, $BL_{40}$, $BL_{57}$, $GB_{31}$ and $BL_{60}$ were compared forty-eight low back pain patients and twenty-three normal group. Results : Surface temperature of $BL_{26}$ in case of L-spine HNP is significantly higher than normal group. Surface temperature of $BL_{26}$ in case of low back pain is significantly higher, $GB_{31}$ of radiating pain is significantly lower than normal group. Surface temperature of $BL_{26}$ in case of acute stage is significantly higher, $GB_{31}$ of chronic stage is significantly lower than normal group. Conclusions : Thermal changes of $BL_{26}$ and $GB_{31}$ on the patients of low back pain compared with normal group, according to impression, symptoms and medical history has significances.