• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.116-122
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• 1997

식이섬유에 5주간 적응된 횐쥐 (S.D., male)를 14시간 절식시킨 뒤 총 에너지의 50%가 되는 고지방식이를 급여하고 4시간 뒤의 혈장 지질 농도와 소화효소활성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 혈장과 지단백의 콜레스테롤 함량은 sodium alginate군에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 혈장 중성지방 함량은 식이군간에 차이가 없었으나 LDL-중성지방은 sodium alginate군에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). HDL-중성지방 함량은 식이섬유 군에서 높았다 (p<0.05). 소장 apolipoprotein B는 무섬 유식이군과 cellulose군에 비해 sodium alginate군에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 소장 내용물에서의 amylase활성은 각 식이군간에 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 식이 섬유 첨가군에서 다소 높았으며, lipase 활성은 무섬유 식이군과 cellulose군에 비해 sodium alginate군에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 소장내용물에서 pretense 활성과 담즙산 함량은 식이군간에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 단백질 함량은 무섬유 식이군에 비해 식이섬유 첨가군에서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 장기간의 식이 섬유 섭취는 식이섬유가 배제된 고지방식 후에도 혈장 콜레스테롤 농도를 낮추는 효과가 있으나, 혈장 중성지방 농도는 식이 섬유가 함유된 식이에 비해 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.168-172
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• 1997

체내 소화효소에 대한 안정성을 검토하기 위해 competitive ELISA를 이용하여 항원 결합력의 변화를 조사하였다. YIgG는 펩신에 대해 상당히 불안정하여 pH 2.0에서 30분간의 반응에 의해 항원 결합력이 소실되었다. 한편 yIgG 용액에 50%(w/v) saccharose를 첨가하여 펩신과 30분 반응시킨 결과 native yIgG에 비해 항원 결합력이 6.7배 정도 저하되었으나 미첨가시에 비해 항원 결합력이 상당히 유지되었으므로, 펩신에 대한 yIgG의 안정성은 saccharose에 의해 상당히 증가되었음을 알 수 있다. YIgG는 트립신 및 키모트립신과 반응 후 항원 결합력의 큰 저하는 나타나지 않아 펩신에 비해 상당히 안정한 것으로 생각된다. 트립신과 8시간 반응 후 yIgG의 항원 결합력은 native yIgG에 비해 2배 감소되었으나 키모트립신과 8시간 반응 후 yIgG의 항원 결합력은 1.5배 감소되었다. 그러므로 yIgG는 키모트립신 대해 가장 안정하였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2013

Protease widely exists in the digestive tract of animals and humans, playing a very important role in protein digestion and absorption. In this study, a high protease-producing strain Planomicrobium sp. L-2 was isolated and identified from the digestive tract of Octopus variabilis. The strain was identified by physiological and biochemical experiments and 16S rDNA sequences analysis. A protease was obtained from the strain Planomicrobium sp. L-2 through ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis and enrichment, DEAE-Sephadex A50 anion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel chromatography. The molecular weight and properties of the protease were characterized, including optimum temperature and pH, thermal stability, protease inhibitions and metal ions. According to our results, the protease from Planomicrobium sp. L-2 strain designated as F1-1 was obtained by three-step separation and purification from crude enzyme. The molecular weight of the protease was 61.4 kDa and its optimum temperature was $40^{\circ}C$. The protease F1-1 showed a broad pH profile for casein hydrolysis between 5.0~11.0. No residual activity was observed after incubation for 40 min at $60^{\circ}C$ and 60 min at $50^{\circ}C$. F1-1 protease was inhibited by $Mn^{2+}$, $Hg^{2+}$, $Pb^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Cu^{2+}$ ions, as well as PMSF, indicating that the protease F1-1 was a serine protease. Additionally, research basis provided by this study could be considered for industrial application of octopus intestinal proteases.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.853-862
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• 2021

Objectives: This case study examined the effectiveness of Korean medical treatment for pediatric Crohn's disease. Methods: A 15-year-old female Korean patient with Crohn's disease received acupuncture, electroacupuncture, herbal medicine, moxibustion, and aromatherapy treatment for 1 month in a hospital. Results: Decreases in the Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index score (from 22.5 to 7.5) and the size of two abscesses (from 39.97 mm to 33.36 mm, and from 28.14 mm to 18.71 mm) according to an abdominal CT were observed following treatment. Nausea and vomiting disappeared, stool condition improved, and weight increased (from 30 kg to 33 kg) following treatment. Nausea and vomiting disappeared, stool condition improved, and weight increased (from 30 kg to 33 kg) following treatment. Conclusion: It would be worth examining the long-term effectiveness of Korean medical treatment for pediatric Crohn's disease.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.400-407
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• 2019

The optimum growth temperature of sea cucumber is $18^{\circ}C$, above $20^{\circ}C$, the appetite declines and the digestive tract is atrophied. At $25^{\circ}C$ or more, it is known that the digestive tract is degenerated as growth is stopped by minimizing metabolic activity. Because of these physiological and ecological characteristics, the growth period of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is relatively short in the natural environment of Korea where four seasons are clear. Therefore, maintenance of water temperature in sea cucumber culture is very important. This experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and lipid compositions of sea cucumbers at high temperature. Results showed that the growth and survival rates of sea cucumber were not significantly different until $26^{\circ}C$ (P>0.01). The fatty acid compositions of total lipid of sea cucumber tended to increase with saturated fatty acid content and decrease with n-3 fatty acid content at higher water temperature.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.1209-1220
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• 2023

Objective: The use of probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics in animal feed has received considerable attention in recent decades. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have remarkable functional properties promoting host health and are major microorganisms for probiotic purposes. The aim of this study was to characterize LAB strains of the chicken digestive tract and to determine their functional properties for further use as potential probiotics in poultry. Methods: A total of 2,000 colonies were isolated from the ileum and cecal contents of the chickens based on their phenotypic profiles and followed by a preliminary detection for acid and bile tolerance. The selected 200 LAB isolates with exhibited well-tolerance in acid and bile conditions were then identified by sequencing the 16S rDNA gene, followed by acid and bile tolerance, antimicrobial activity, adhesion to epithelial cells and additional characteristics on the removal of cholesterol. Then, the two probiotic strains (L. ingluviei and L. salivarious) which showed the greatest advantage in vitro testing were selected to assess their efficacy in broiler chickens. Results: It was found that 200 LAB isolates that complied with all measurement criteria belonged to five strains, including L. acidophilus (63 colonies), L. ingluviei (2 colonies), L. reuteri (58 colonies), L. salivarius (72 colonies), and L. saerimneri (5 colonies). We found that the L. ingluviei and L. salivarius can increase the population of LAB and Bifidobacterium spp. while reducing Enterobacteria spp. and Escherichia coli in the cecal content of chickens. Additionally, increased concentrations of valeric acid and short chain fatty acids were also observed. Conclusion: This study indicates that all five Lactobacillus strains isolated from gut contents of chickens are safe and possess probiotic properties, especially L. ingluviei and L. salivarius. Future studies should evaluate the potential for growth improvement in broilers.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2007

Pyungwi-san(PWS) have been using as a basic prescription of digestive disorder in Korean traditional medicine. This study was performed to examine the in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract using different antioxidant tests including by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, metal chelating hydrogen peroxide scavenging, lipid peroxydation protective effect and scavenging effect of nitric oxide and peroxynitrite. Herbal-acupuncture solution of PWS(PWS-HS) exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition of DPPH radical adduct formation and it showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity onto superoxide anions. In addition, the result of metal chelating hydrogen peroxide scavenging and ammonium thiocyanate experiments showed that PWS-HS was an active scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, it was also found to be effective in scavenging nitric oxide and peroxynitrite, well-known cytotoxic species that can oxidize several cellular components such as proteins, lipids and DNA.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.42-55
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• 2015

Purpose: The object of this study is to observe the anti-ulcerative effects of BK-1202 (IGM), a mixed herbal formula consisting of 9 herbal drugs, which have been traditional Korean medicine for treating various digestive diseases, on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rat. Methods: Three different doses of IGM extract (200, 100 and 50 mg/kg) were orally administered once 30 min before indomethacin treatment. Six hours after indomethacin treatment, changes in the gross lesion scores, fundic histopathology, MPO activity and antioxidant activities were observed. The results were compared with two reference groups treated with omeprazole (10 mg/kg), antioxidant and proton pump inhibitor, and DA-9601 (100 mg/kg), a standardized extract of the herb Artemisiaasiatica. Results: In all three doses of IGM extract, significantly decreased gastric damages were observed in the indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rats, when compared with the indomethacin-treated control rats. IGM extracts also strengthened the antioxidative defense systems, decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation and catalase activity while increasing the superoxide dismutase and glutathione contents. IGM extracts showed similar anti-ulcerative effects to those shown by equal dose of DA-9601, and the effects of 50 mg/kg IGM extracts were comparable to those of 10 mg/kg omeprazole. Conclusion: The results obtained in this study suggest that IGM extract has favorable effects on the indomethacin -induced gastric damages by strengthening the antioxidative defense systems and enhancing anti-inflammatory effects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2003

Effects of supplementation with ruminal epithelial cells on fiber-degrading activity and cell growth of Ruminococcus albus (R. albus, strain 7) was tested using a basal substrate of rice straw and formulated concentrate. Cultures of R. albus alone and R. albus with rumen protozoa were grown at $39^{\circ}C$ for 48 h with an 8.4% crude protein (CP) substrate, 33% of the CP supplemented with either ruminal epithelial cells or defatted soybean meal. The ruminal epithelial cells had lower amounts of rumen soluble and degradable protein fractions as compared to defatted soybean meal, as determined by an enzymatic method, and the same was found with amino acid composition of protein hydrolysates. Ruminal epithelial cells were directly utilized by the R. albus, and resulted in greater growth of cell-wall free bacteria compared to defatted soybean meal. The effect of epithelial cells on bacterial growth was enhanced by the presence of rumen protozoa. In consistency with cultures of R. albus and R. albus with rumen protozoa, fermentative parameters such as dry matter degradability and total volatile fatty acid did not differ between supplementation with ruminal epithelial cells or defatted soybean meal.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.1353-1362
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• 2005

The stressful physiological and environmental conditions around weaning often promote the proliferation of pathogens in the digestive tract of piglets resulting in diarrhoea and reduced daily weight gain. Typical dietary practices to maintain growth performance and health have led to an increased use of antimicrobial growth promoters. Due to the advanced ban of antibiotics in pig production, new concepts have been developed to secure animal health and growth performance, feed efficiency, and product quality as well. Several naturally occurring compounds seem to beneficially affect the composition and activity of the microflora in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of pigs. These are, among others, organic acids, probiotics, prebiotics, and enzymes. Organic acids are already widely used, especially in pigs, due to their positive effects on GIT health and growth performance. Probiotics have been shown to be effective against diarrhoea though effects may be dependent on diet composition and environmental conditions. Prebiotics may influence composition and activity of the intestinal microflora. Additionally, pre- and probiotics may exert positive influences on immune response, whereas enzymes may enhance feed digestibility by breaking down anti-nutritional factors. In the following, the focus will be directed to the role of organic acids, probiotics, prebiotics, and feeding enzymes as potential modulators of GIT health.