• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.230-233
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• 1996

The purposes of this study was to investigate selenium content of human milk and selenium intake of breast-fed infants at each period of lactation longitudinally. The human milk intake in breast-fed infants was measured by test weighing method from 20 lactating mothers at 1,2 and 3 months postpartum. Selenium content in the milks was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with hydride generation after wet digestion of samples. Selenium intake in breast-fed infants was calculated by multiplying human milk intakes by selenium contents. The milk intakes were 640, 726 and 715g/day at 1,2 and 3 months postpartum. The selenium contents in human milk were characterized by a pattern of slight decline with advancing stage of lactation;13.1, 11.5 and 9.8$\mu\textrm{g}$/L at 1,2 and 3 months during lactation. There was a large individual variation at any stage of this study. The mean dietary selenium intakes in breast-fed infants were 8.38, 8.32 and 6.97$\mu\textrm{g}$/day at 1,2 and 3 months postpartum, respectively. The mean daily intakes on a body weight basis were gradually decreased during the course of lactation.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2005

To investigate impediments to plasmid transformation in Brevibacterium flavum BF4 and B. lactofermentum BL1, cell surface barriers were determined by measuring growth inhibition whilst enzymatic barriers were determined by comparing DNA methylation properties. B. lactofermentum was more sensitive to growth inhibition by glycine than B. flavum. Release of cellular proteins during sonication was more rapid for B. lactofermentum than for B. flavum. Plasmid DNA (pCSL 17) isolated from B. flavum transformed recipient $McrBC^+$ strains of Escherichia coli with lower efficiency than $McrBC^-$. McrBC digestion of this DNA confirmed that B. flavum contain methylated cytidines in the target sequence of McrBc sequences but B. lactofermentum contained a different methylation pattern. DNA derived from the B. lactofermentum transformed recipient $EcoKR^+$ strains of E. coli with lower efficiency than $EcoKR^-$, indicating the presence of methylated adenosines in the target sequence of EcoK sequences. The present data describe the differences in the physical and enzymatic barriers between two species of corynebacteria and also provide some insight into the successful foreign gene expression in corynebacteria.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 1999

양식넙치에서 분리된 Edwardsiella tarda가 갖는 약제내성을 전달하는 R plasmid의 특성을 알아보기 위하여, 16종의 화학요법제에 대한 E. tarda의 감수성 정도를 비교하였으며, 내성형태 및 내성전달을 확인하고 transferable R plasmid를 분리하였다. E. tarda는 ampicillin, amoxicillin, erythromycin, flumequine, doxycycline(DOXY), nalidixic acid, novobiocin, oxolinic acid, oxytetracycline(OTC), thiamphenicol(TP) 그리고 sulfonamide의 11약제에 대하여 다양한 조합으로 복합내성을 보였으며, DOXY, OTC, TP 내성이 Escherichia coli로 전달되었다. 복합내성의 두 균주에서 transconjugant가 형성되었으며 이들로부터 분리된 transferable R plasmid는 서로 상이한 DNA 구조였다. 이는 넙치에서 분리되는 E. tarda에는 적어도 두 종류 이상의 thansferable R plasmid가 분포한다는 것을 의미한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2008

Accurate identification of pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a prerequisite to diagnose the pine wilt disease. However, a fungivorous nematode, B. mucronatus is highly similar to B. xylophilus and it is difficult to differentiate these two species by morphological features. A molecular diagnosis method, ITSRFLP was applied for the identification of B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus from Korea. Genomic DNA was extracted from a single individual nematode and ITS DNA was amplified by PCR. The size of PCR product was approximately 900bp and the sequence data were obtained after cloning. Amplified ITS was digested by 5 different restriction enzymes (Rsa I, Hae III, Msp I, Hinf I, and Alu I) and provided a discriminatory profile for B. xylophilus and B. mucronatus. Besides, B. mucro- natus was determined to have 2 different genotypes, East Asian type and European type also clearly separated by Rsa I and Hae III digestion. European type of B. mucronatus is recently collected from Pinus koraiensis and has not been reported before. ITS sequnce data were analyzed by Restriction Mapper program and the result supported ITS-RFLP pattern. These data indicated that PCRRFLP method is an accurate and simple way for identification of Bursaphelenchus species.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1508-1513
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• 2000

The aim of this trial was to study the response of laboratory animals including omnivores (rats) and herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters) to the same level of dietary fiber on their digestive enzymes and hindgut fermentation. Ten weanling animals of each of four species, rabbits, guinea-pigs, rats and Syrian hamster, were fed a basal diet of 18% crude protein and 10% crude fiber for six weeks. The digesta and tissue of each intestinal segment were collected to measure the activity of digestive enzymes. Rabbits contained the highest secreted pepsin activity in the stomach, whereas rats contained the highest protease and ${\alpha}-amylase$ activity in the small intestine, and lower fibrous hydrolases in the hindgut than rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters. The total VFA productions in the caecum and colon were highest in rats, followed by hamsters and rabbits, while the guinea pigs contained the lowest VFA and a different pattern of VFA molar ratio from the other laboratory animals. The degree of hindgut fermentation in these laboratory animals was in reverse to the trend for their fiber digestion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1580-1584
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• 2001

A study was conducted to estimate the nutritive value of some selected acacia forages using palatability index, in sacco degradability and in vitro gas production characteristics. Ten wethers (mean wt. $18{\pm}3.5kg$) were offered Acacia tortilis, Acacia nilotica, Acacia mellifera, Acacia brevispica, Acacia Senegal and Leucaena leucocephala (control) using a cafeteria system to determine the species preference by the animals. The acacia species were rich in nitrogen and showed variable palatability pattern. Significant (p<0.05) differences in relative palatability index (RPI) were detected among the species with the following ranking: brevispica > leucaena > mellifera > tortilis > Senegal > nilotica. Acacia nilotica appeared to be of low relative palatability with RPI of 24% and this was attributed to relatively high phenolic concentrations. The DM potential degradability (B) and rate of degradation (c) of the species were significantly (p<0.05) different, ranging from 40.1 to 59.1% and 0.0285 to 0.0794/h respectively. Acacia species had moderate levels of rumen undegradable protein, much higher than that in leucaena. In vitro gas production results indicated the effect of polyphenolic compounds on the fermentation rate, with lower gas production recorded from A. nilotica and tortilis. Based on RPI, A. brevispica and mellifera were superior to the rest and comparable to L. leucocephala. Long-term feeding trials are required with the superior species when used as protein supplements to poor quality diets.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.1281-1287
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• 2009

The distribution pattern of the phylum Acidobacteria, a previously uncultured bacterial group, was investigated by molecular ecological analyses of global soil samples collected from pristine ecosystems across five continents. Acidobacterial 16S rDNAs were observed in almost all soil samples, and members of acidobacterial primer group A were detected in all samples that harbored the phylum Acidobacteria. Other primer groups, Y, G, and O, showed limited distribution patterns. We further divided the primer groups into acidobacterial subdivisions (class-level). Subdivisional distribution patterns were determined by comparing the observed T-RFs with theoretical T-RFs predicted by in silico digestion of acidobacterial 16S rDNAs. Consistent with the PCR results obtained with subgroup-specific primers, T-RFLP analyses showed that acidobacterial subdivision 1 belonging to primer group A was present in the majority of the soil samples. This study revealed that the phylum Acidobacteria could be globally distributed. At the subdivisional level, acidobacterial subdivision 1 might be the most widely distributed group in this phylum, indicating that members of subdivision 1 might be adapted to various soil environments, and members belonging to other subdivisions might be restricted to certain geographic regions or habitats.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1999

Warts, or verrucae, are benign epithelial proliferations of the skin and mucosa caused by infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). It is now recognized that there are many different HPV types. Especially type3 is most frequently observed in flat wart. Other types, such as type2, 10, 14, 27, 28, 29, 38, and 41 are rarely encounted in flat wart. We describe here a simple and economic method for detection and identification of epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated HPV. The method is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and restriction analysis. The method has been developed with cloned HPV DNA and DNA from clinical samples. Clinical samples are from either frozen tissue or paraffin-embedded tissue. Genomic fragments were obtained from two different HPV types (3 and 10). The amplification fragments were identified by a form of miniature fingerprinting, with a set of restriction enzymes that gave a unique digestion pattern for each HPV type. We have tested 74 clinical samples. Only type3 among these clinical samples is detected, and one sample is involved in neither type3 nor type10.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2003

The food and nutrition system is a network of processes linking agriculture, food, eating, nutrition, and health. The system includes a series of nine stages (production, processing, distribution, acquisition, preparation, consumption, digestion, transport, and utilization) and two types of contexts (biophysical and sociocultural). Analysis of whole food and nutrition systems provides information about the structure and processes involved in the complete scope of food and nutrition, assisting in the identification of ″upstream″ influences and ″downstream″ consequences in the system. The current analysis gathered existing data about the food and nutrition system in South Korea from public sources and professional publications, and interpreted that information to consider how different elements of the system contribute to health. The findings revealed that South Korea has substantial domestic food production and processing supplemented by imports, widespread food distribution in markets and a growing number of Korean and Western restaurants, a relatively low percentage of household income spent on food, growing use of new food preparation methods such as microwave ovens, a rice/vegetable/fish based three-meal consumption pattern, few recorded digestive problems, increasing calorie storage as body fat, and a relatively low chronic disease prevalence compared to other developed societies. Examination of the full scope of the food and nutrition system provides a broad perspective using whole system thinking that can identify potential strategies for future research and intervention.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.104-115
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• 2018

Introduction The aim of this study was to report significant improvement of Dyshidrosis(Pompholyx) patient who was diagnosed with 'Soyangin chest-bind symptomatic pattern' based on Sasang Constitutonal medicine. Methods The patient was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, as well as western medicine. To evaluate the results of this treatment, the patient assessed discomfort of dyshidrosis by using Numeral Rating Scale(NRS), percentage(%) and we assessed severity of dyshidrosis by using Dyshidrotic Eczema Area and Severity Index(DASI). Results At the time of admission, the degree of discomfort in the dyshidrosis symptoms was NRS 8 and the severity of dyshidrosis was DASI 16(moderate). After the treatment, her symptoms was improved(NRS 0, DASI 0). Sleep, digestion and defecation condition were also improved. Discussion The patient who had frequent recurrence showed a significant improvement of dyshidrosis and accessory symptoms without any side effects, who was treated with Hyeongbangdojeok-san, acupuncture and western medicine.