• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.81-114
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze how economic factors (economic satisfaction, economic conflict) and non-economic factors (non-economic satisfaction, non-economic conflict) differentially influence Korean retailers' long-term orientation with manufacturers, and how they are influenced by manufacturers' power sources under different levels of retailer dependence. After Korean retailers were divided into high and low dependence groups, path differences between the two groups were compared. The results suggested that manufacturers' coercive and non-coercive power sources do not differentially influence high and low dependence retailers' economic and non-economic satisfaction, and economic and non-economic conflict. However, the economic satisfaction of low dependence retailers more strongly affects their long-term orientation than that of high dependence retailers. Also, the economic conflict of highly dependent retailers more strongly affects their long-term orientation as compared to low dependence retailers. Finally, the impact of non-economic conflict negatively influences a long-term orientation for both retailer groups.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.146-146
• /
• 2002

We present a new technique for achieving source separation when given only a single channel recording. The main idea is based on exploiting the inherent time structure of sound sources by learning a priori sets of time-domain basis functions that encode the sources in a statistically efficient manner. We derive a learning algorithm using a maximum likelihood approach given the observed single channel data and sets of basis functions. For each time point we infer the source parameters and their contribution factors. This inference is possible due to the prior knowledge of the basis functions and the associated coefficient densities. A flexible model for density estimation allows accurate modeling of the observation, and our experimental results exhibit a high level of separation performance for simulated mixtures as well as real environment recordings employing mixtures of two different sources. We show separation results of two music signals as well as the separation of two voice signals.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.140.1-140.1
• /
• 2012

We investigate properties of maser emission for 3373 O-rich AGB stars. We divide the sample stars into four different groups whether they were detected by OH, SiO and $H_2O$ maser emission or not. To understand the nature of the maser sources, we present various infrared two-color diagrams (2CDs) using IRAS, near infrared and AKARI data. For each group, we compare the positions on the various infrared 2CDs with theoretical models. We find that OH maser sources generally show higher color indices and larger dust optical depths than SiO or $H_2O$ maser sources. This could be due to differences of the mass-loss rates and/or variability which may influence the maser pumping mechanisms.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.166-170
• /
• 2016

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are associated with plants roots and acquire significant amounts of nitrogen sources from the soil. For artificial cultivation, mass production of ectomycorrhizal fungi in liquid media is required. We studied the edible ectomycorrhizal mushrooms Hygrophorus russula, Ramaria fumigata, Sarcodon aspratus, and Tricholoma matsutake. All strains except S. aspratus NIFoS 2031 grew generally well on modified Melin-Norkran's (MMN) medium compared to on other media. All strains analyzed in this study showed significantly higher growth on organic nitrogen. Specifically, two strains of H. russula significantly responded to both tryptone and neopeptone media. Among different species and strains, there were clear differences in the capacity to grow on animal-based organic nitrogen sources.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.68-75
• /
• 2014

This study investigated the potential use of various organic carbon sources (glucose, glycerol and acetate) and different concentrations of $CO_2$ for culturing marine microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta. Cell growth and lipid production were monitored under heterotrophic, mixotrophic and photoautotrophic modes of cultivation. D. tertiolecta showed the ability to grow under mixotrophic (acetate and glucose), heterotrophic (glucose) and photoautotrophic condition under high $CO_2$ concentration (15%). With all the organic carbon sources (glucose, glycerol and acetate) tested in this study, 1~5% acetate enhanced cell growth rate and lipid content, while higher concentrations of acetate (10% and 15%) were inhibitory and resulted in cell death.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.1171-1181
• /
• 2014

Different power quality (PQ) disturbance sources can have major impacts on the power supply grid. This study proposes, for the first time, an early warning approach to identifying PQ problems and providing early warning prompts based on the monitored data of PQ disturbance sources. To establish a steady-state power quality early warning index system, the characteristics of PQ disturbance sources are analyzed and summed up. The higher order statistics anomaly detection (HOSAD) algorithm, based on skewness and kurtosis, and hierarchical power quality early warning flow, were then used to mine limit-exceeding and abnormal data and analyze their severity. Cases studies show that the proposed approach is effective and feasible, and that it is possible to provide timely power quality early warnings for limit-exceeding and abnormal data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2004.05b
• /
• pp.100-103
• /
• 2004

In this paper, BP learning algorithm is studied to apply as a PD source classification in GIS specimens. For occurred partial discharge, three defected models are made; floating particle, surface discharge of spacer, needle to plane. And PD data for discrimination were acquired from PD detector. And these data making use of a computer-aided discharge analyser, statistical and other discharge parameters is calculated to discrimination between different models of discharge sources. And also these parameter is applied to classify PD sources by neural networks. Neural Networks has good recognition rate for three PD sources.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2005.07a
• /
• pp.221-222
• /
• 2005

In this paper, application of NN (Neural Network) as a method of pattern discrimination of PD(partial discharge) which occurs at the stator coil of traction motor was studied. For PD data acquisition, three defective models are manufactured such as internal discharge model, slot discharge model and surface discharge model. PD data for recognition were acquired from PD detector and DAQ board which is able to analysis the PD signal and perform the pattern discrimination. Statistical distributions and parameters are calculated to discriminate PD sources. And also these statistical distribution parameters are applied to classify PD sources by BP and has good recognition rate on the discharge sources.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.46-55
• /
• 2004

Thermal characteristics of the various cooling methods in electronic equipment are studied numerically. A common chip cooling system is modeled as a parallel channel with protruding heat sources. A two-dimensional model has been developed for the numerical analysis of compressible. viscous. laminar flow. and conjugate heat transfer between parallel plates with uniform block heat sources. The finite volume method is used to solve this problem. The assembly consists of two channels formed by two covers and one printed circuit board that is assumed to have three uniform heat source blocks. Various cooling methods are considered to find out the efficient cooling method in a given geometry and heat sources. The velocity and the temperature fields. the local temperature distribution along the surface of blocks. and the maximum temperature in each block are obtained. The results are compared to examine the thermal characteristics of the different cooling methods both quantitatively and qualitatively.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.253-253
• /
• 2015

This research evaluated the effect of two main sources on the results of the ocean regional circulation model (ORCMs) during downscaling and nesting the results from the coarse data. The two sources should be the domain size, and temporal and spatial resolution different between driving and driven data. The Big-Brother Experiment is applied to examine the impact of them on the results of the ORCMs separately. Within resolution of 3km grid point ORCMs applying in the Big-Brother Experiment framework, it showed that the simulation results of the ORCMs depend on the domain size and specially the spatial and temporal resolution of lateral boundary conditions (LBCs). The domain size can be selected at 9.5 times larger than the interest area, and the spatial resolution between driving data and driven model can be up to 3 of ratio resolution and updating frequency of the LBCs can be up to every 6 hours per day.