• Title/Summary/Keyword: Dietary analysis

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Intake of Antioxidant Nutrients and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome according to Degree of Stress in Rural Korean Women (한국 농촌 여성의 스트레스 정도에 따른 항산화 영양소 섭취와 대사증후군 위험도)

  • Yoon, Jungwon;Shin, Yoonjin;Kang, Bori;Byeon, Suji;Kim, Soo A;Kim, Yangha
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.46 no.7
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    • pp.868-875
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    • 2017
  • The aim of the present study was to investigate antioxidant nutrient intake and risk of metabolic syndrome based on stress level in rural Korean women. Subject were participants from the Multi-Rural Communities Cohort Study, which was a part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. According to scores of the Psychosocial Well-Being Index Short-Form, a total of 10,111 subjects were classified into 'low stress group (n=8,015)' from 0 to 26 points and 'high stress group (n=2,096)' above 27 points. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and blood chemical analysis. Dietary nutrient consumption was assessed by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. High stress group showed lower intake of antioxidant nutrients, such as vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, folate, zinc, and carotene compared to the low stress group. Intake of fruits and vegetable was lower in the high stress group compared to the low stress group. Subjects with high stress showed higher risk of hypertension [odd ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.226 (1.112~1.351)] and hypertriglyceridemia [OR, 95% CI=1.227 (1.110~1.356)] than subjects with low stress. High stress group had a significantly greater odds ratio for metabolic syndrome compared with the low stress group [OR, 95% CI=1.216 (1.101~1.342]). Thus, the present study suggests that high stress might be associated with low intake of antioxidant nutrients and high risk of metabolic syndrome in rural Korean women.

An Analysis of the Relationship between Climacteric Symptoms and Management of Menopause in Middle-aged Women (일 지역 중년여성의 폐경증상과 폐경관리와의 관계에 대한 연구)

  • Song, Ae-Ri
    • The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.308-322
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between climacteric symptoms and management of menopause of middle -aged women. The subjects of this study were 261 women(40 to 60 years old). Data were collected from Jun. 1 to Jul. 15, 2001 by a structured questionnaire. The instruments employed were : 1) The Climacteric Symptoms Scale developed by Aeri Song and Eun soon Chung(1998). 2) The Management of Menopause Scale developed by Aeri Song(1997). The data were analyzed by the SPSS p.c. program using t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Mean score of climacteric symptoms was $2.18{\pm}0.39$(Maximum 4, Minimum 1). The mean scores among the categories of climacteric symptoms, in descending order, were : a) physical and physiological reactions ($2.62{\pm}0.53$), b) social and family relationships ($2.23{\pm}0.50$), c) psychiatric and psychological reactions ($2.08{\pm}0.49$), d) relationship with sexual partner($1.73{\pm}0.54$), e) genitourinary reactions ($1.72{\pm}0.55$). 2. Mean score of management of menopause was $1.79{\pm}0.45$ (Maximum 4, Minimum 1). The mean scores among the categories of management of menopause, in descending order, were : a) dietary management($2.57{\pm}0.52$), b) self control ($2.24{\pm}0.57$), c) management of exercise and physical activity($2.14{\pm}0.75$), d) management of sex life($1.71{\pm}0.47$), e) management of professional health maintenance($1.61{\pm}0.59$). 3. There were statistically significant differences in the score of middle-aged women's self reported climacteric symptoms according to : a) occupation (t=-2.79, p<0.001) b) marriage state (t=-2.29, p<0.05) c) age of menarche (F=4.66, p<0.001) d) method of Sanhujori (post natal care & treatment) (F=4.22, p<0.001) e) hormone replacement therapy (t=-3.09, p<0.05). From the above statistics, several significant findings were noted : a) There were more climacteric symptoms from those who were unemployed, those who had no partner or were divorced and those who started a menarche earlier. b) There were less climacteric symptoms reported from those on hormone replacement therapy and those who followed their parents or parents-in-law advice regarding Sanhujori (postnatal care) 4. There were statistically significant differences in the score of middle-aged women's self reported management of menopause according to : The educational background (F=7.63, p<0.001), religion (F=3.74, p<0.001), income (F=3.65, p<0.001), number of parity (F=4.87, p<0.001), method of Sanhujori(postnatal care) (F=5.73, p<0.001), period of Sanhujori (postnatal care) (F=2.81, p<0.05), hormone replacement therapy (t=3.81, p<0.001). Women with higher educational background, strong religion, higher income, large number of parity, managed their post natal care well, were on HRT, managed their menopause significantly better than the others who took part in the survey. 5. It will be noted from the above that women's degree of climacteric symptoms showed a negative correlation to the management of menopause(r=-0.2146, p<0.001). The findings shown above suggest the need to develop a variable management of menopause, in order to improve climacteric symptoms of middle-aged women. It is hoped that the above findings will stimulate more detailed research into this matter, and thereby enable guidance to be given to women going through the menopause to cope with it in a less stressful way.

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The Effects of Medical Nutrition Therapy on Plasma Lipid Levels of Apo E3 genotype hyperlipidemic Patients according to Sasang Constitutions (APo E3 Genotype 고지혈증 환자에서 사상체질에 따른 의학영양치료 혈중 지질 농도에 미치는 영향)

  • Moon, Bo-Kyoung;Cho, Mi-Ran;Lee, Hei-Ok;Song, Il-Byung;Choue, Ryo-Won
    • Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.60-71
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of medical nutrition therapy(MNT) on plasma lipid levels of hyperlipidemic patients with apo E3 genotype according to Sasang Constitutions. From March to July, 2001, the 33 hyperlipidemic patients admitted to K University Medical Center were studied. The study subjects were classified according to their Sasang constitutions by QSCC II questionnaire which have been used at K University Oriental Medical Center. The anthropometric assessments, blood analysis, and apo E genetic typing were carried out. Nutrient intake was determined by food record method of food taken during two weekdays and one weekend. The MNT including the instruction for hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic diet (step l diet) was performed for 12 weeks. The results are as follow; (1) The mean age of hyperlipidemic patients was $49.91{\pm}8.48$ years. (2) The distributions of Sasang Constitution were 60.6% of Tae-eum, 21.2% of So-yang, and 18.2% of So-eum. The distributions of apo E genotype were 6.5% of apo E2/3, 78.8% of apo E 3/3, and 15.2% of apo E 3/4. (3) The nutrient consumption of the apo E3 subjects before the MNT showed lower calorie, iron, calcium, and vitamin B2 intakes than the RDAs for each nutrients with no significant differences among the constitutions. After 12-week of MNT, only the fat consumption was decreased in the Tae-eum group. The MNT did not change the pattern of food intake. (4) The plasma level of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-C were not changed after MNT in the three constitutional groups. The level of HDL-C was significantly increased significantly in Tae-eum and So-yang group and the level of homocystein was lowered in Tae-eum group after MNT. It could be concluded that the 12-weeks MNT with hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic diet did not change the level of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-C effectively regardless of Sasang constitutions even though the subjects' dietary intake was improved by MNT.

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Estimated Dietary Intake of Sodium Saccharin and Acesulfame Potassium in Koreans (식품 중 사카린나트륨, 아세설팜칼륨의 섭취량에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hee-Yun;Yoon, Hae-Jung;Hong, Ki-Hyoung;Choi, Jang-Duck;Park, Sung-Kwan;Park, Hui-Og;Jin, Myeong-Sig;Choi, Woo-Jeong;Park, Sun-Young;Lee, Kyoung-Joo;Lee, Chul-Won
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.804-811
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    • 2004
  • Mean concentration of 2 artificial sweeteners, sodium saccharin and acesulfame K, in food samples and their daily intakes were estimated. Among 755 food samples, 57 contained these artificial sweeteners. Contribution rate to total estimated daily intake (%) of artificial sweeteners in food categories were high in danmooji for sodium saccharin and ice cream for acesulfame K. Total estimated daily intakes $({\Sigma}EDI)$ for different age groups were high in 30-49 year-old group for sodium saccharin and 13-19 year-old group for acesulfame K. Total estimated daily intakes $({\Sigma}EDI)$ of men and women were 5.91 and 4.89 mg/man/day, respectively. Total estimated daily intakes $({\Sigma}EDI)$ based on mean body weight of 55 kg were 4.13 and 1.25 mg/man/day for sodium saccharin and acesulfame K, respectively. These values ranged within 0.2-1.5% of acceptable daily intake (ADI) evaluated by FAO/WHO and 1.2-13.5% of theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI), and, therefore, judged to be safe.

Quality Characteristics of Topokki Garaedduk Added with Ginseng Powder (인삼분말을 첨가한 떡볶이용 가래떡의 품질특성)

  • Lee, Joon-Kyoung;Jeong, Jie-Hye;Lim, Jae-Kag
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.426-434
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    • 2011
  • In order to increase the use of rice, ginseng Garaedduks and Topokki were made and the physicochemical and sensory properties were investigated. Topokki and Garaedduks were added with 0, 1, 3 and 5% ginseng powder and stored at $20^{\circ}C$ for 48 hours. The moisture contents were not different to the increasing amount of ginseng powder and increasing storage time for 48 hours. The moisture content of Garaedduks for control and 5% added ginseng powder were 48.08% and 49.62%, respectively. The L value in color of uncooked ginseng Garaedduk decreased according to the added amount of ginseng powder, and the b value in color increased significantly according to the added amount of ginseng powder and during 48 hours storage at $20^{\circ}C$. Textural analysis, measured using a texture analyzer, of Garaedduk revealed that hardness, cohesiveness, chewiness decreased significantly and adhesiveness increased according to the added amount of ginseng powder. In sensory evaluation, 5% ginseng Garaedduk (uncooked, cooked) scored higher in overall acceptability than those of the other samples. In cooking properties, water absorption and solid contents increased according to the added amount of ginseng powder. Therefore, Garaedduk containing 5% ginseng powder was the most preferable. These results implied that the degree of retrogradation of ginseng Garaedduk might be low due to its high dietary fiber content.

Blood Pressure in Relation to α-Adducin, Angiotensinogen, ACE Gene Polymorphisms and Sodium Intake in Korean Female Elderly Subjects (한국 여성 노인에서 α -Adducin, Angiotensinogen, ACE 유전자다형성 및 나트륨 섭취수준에 따른 혈압의 비교)

  • Chae, Sun-Ju;Chung, Ja-Yong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.35 no.10
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    • pp.1371-1377
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    • 2006
  • Gene polymorphisms that are associated with sodium homeostasis in the body, such as $\alpha-adducin$ (ADDI, Gly460Trp), angiotensinogen (AGT, Met235Thr), and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, Ins/Del) may increase the risk for the development of hypertension. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the singular and combined effects of ADD1, AGT, ACE genotypes, and blood pressure in elderly population. Moreover, we examined the interaction of sodium intake and polymorphisms of aforementioned genes and their effects on blood pressure. Among one hundred and nine female subjects, aged 60 and over (mean 75.9 yr), the major alleles for ADD1, AGT, and ACE polymorphisms in the studied population were Gly (66.1%), Thr (64.2%), Ins (83.5%), respectively. Analysis on the combined effects of genetic variation showed that subjects who were both ADD1 Trp/Trp and ACE Del/Del homozygotes had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (p=0.01). Similarly, ACE Del/Del homozygotes who had AGT Met allele had significantly higher diastolic blood pressure (p<0.001). However, in single-gene analyses, no association was found between any specific genotype and blood pressure. In subjects with low sodium intake, ADD1 Trp/Trp homozygotes had significantly higher systolic blood pressure than subjects who had ADD1 Gly allele (138 mmHg vs. 127 mmHg, p=0.03). There was no difference in blood pressure between ADD1 Trp/Trp and ADD1 Gly/Gly or Gly/Trp, in subjects with high sodium intake. In summary, this study shows that interactions between the ADD1, AGT and ACE genes influence systolic and diastolic blood pressure in elderly subjects, and dietary sodium intake can modulate the effects of ADD1 Gly460Trp polymorphisms on systolic blood pres sure.

Middle School Home Economics Teaching·Learning Course Plan Development of Unification Education (중학교 가정교과 통일교육 교수·학습 과정안 개발)

  • Yoon, Nam-Hee;Sohn, Sang-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.43-63
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the various contexts affecting life culture through practical reasoning process and to select the goal and contents system of unification education in middle school home economics to form healthy unification community and to develop teaching and learning process. Based on the Unification Education Guidelines, Unification Education Pre-Study, Pre-Study on North Korean Defectors, and Analysis of the 2015 Revision Home Economics Curriculum in Korea, Goal and content system. Based on this, we developed a teaching and learning process and a student activity place applying practical reasoning process after extracting practical problems, and prepared a final development plan based on the results of two expert group evaluations. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, the goal of unification education in the middle school home economics class is to 'Based on the social-cultural context, we develop the ability to cultivate healthy reunification by respecting the differences between the cultures of the two Koreas and discovering common values in a unified society and resolving practical issues in a unified society.'. Second, the content system of middle school home economics unification education was selected as the core theme of 'Unification Education Focused on the Living Culture'. The content elements were comprehending the socio - cultural context that affects the life culture of the two Koreas, Related language, maintenance of diversity of dietary culture in each region including North Korean food, social norms and attire, correct housing value and common living etiquette. Based on the goals of unification education in the middle school home school curriculum, we selected practical issues as 'What should we do to create a healthy unified community?'. Third, the teaching and learning process of unification education in junior high school home economics education is to recognize the problem of unification, to analyze the factors affecting the life culture of the two Koreas, to grasp the effect of the action and the ripple effects, to select alternative methods, And 4 subjects for 8 teaching learning course plan, and 35 teaching materials.

Analysis of Nutrient Composition of Baechu Kimchi (Chinese Cabbage Kimchi) with Seafoods (수산물을 첨가한 배추김치의 영양성분 분석)

  • Jang, Mi-Soon;Park, Hee-Yeon;Park, Jin-Il;Byun, Han-Seok;Kim, Yeon-Kye;Yoon, Ho-Dong
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.535-545
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    • 2011
  • The nutrient composition, including the proximate composition and the mineral, vitamin, amino acid, and free-amino-acid levels, of baechu kimchi (Chinese cabbage kimchi) to which 14 kinds of seafood (flatfish, yellow corvina, sea beam, pollack gizzard shad, ray, gray mullet, skate, hairtail, anchovy, sea squit, pen shell, scallop, small octopus)were added was analyzed. The seafoods were added to salted cabbage at concentration of 10% (w/w) and the prepared seafood baechu Kimchi (BK) was stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for seven days. The levels of moisture (82.09-88.56%), crude lipid (0.31-0.64%), and crude ash (2.70-3.50%) did not differ much among the samples, but the level of crude protein of the BK-with-seafood samples (2.42-5.15%) was greater than that of the control BK (2%), without seafood. The Fe and Ca contents of BK with flatfish showed the highest values (4.1 and 74 mg/100 g, respectively). The vitamin A contents of BK samples with 14 different kinds of seafood were higher than that of the control BK. Moreover, the BK with sea squit had higher vitamin $B_2$ (0.90 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (8.48 mg/100 g) contents among all the BK-with-different-kinds-of-seafood samples. Total amino acids were detected in all BK-with-seafood samples, most of which had high levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, proline and alanine. Glutamic acid was the most abundant of all the amino acids. The major free amino acids were hydroxyproline, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, leucine, and valine, of which hydroxyproline was the most abundant. In conclusion, BK with seafood is thought to be a very good source of protein, which is very important from dietary life of humans.

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Vegetable-related Nutrition Education for Elementary School Students (초등학생 대상 채소 관련 영양교육의 효과 평가)

  • Lee, Sun-Ok;Kim, Hyun-Ah
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.713-720
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vegetable-related nutrition education for fourth grade elementary school students in Gyeongnam province. A comparative analysis of nutritional knowledge on vegetables, vegetable preferences, and vegetable intake in school foodservices were assessed between a control group and an experimental group. The control and experimental group contained 62 and 67 students, respectively, and the experimental group received nutritional education in four sessions (40 minutes each session) per week. A self-administered survey was conducted before and after this education, and 122 questionnaires (for 61 members of the experimental group and 61 members of control group) were analyzed. In the experimental group, there was a significant (p<0.001) increase in vegetable-related nutrition knowledge (form 5.02 to 6.10 out of a total score of 9), while there were no significant differences in the control group. Vegetable preference scores also significantly (p<0.001) increased (from 3.44 to 3.85 on the 5-point Likert scale) in experimental group, while there were no significant difference in control group. We also observed a significant (p<0.001) increase in vegetable intake from school foodservices (89.34% to 95.49%) in the experimental group, but there were no significant differences in the control group. In conclusion, a vegetable-related nutrition education for fourth grade elementary school students was effective at improving the nutritional knowledge of vegetables, vegetable preferences, and vegetable intake from school foodservices. Therefore, to encourage the vegetable-related right dietary habits, sustainable, and systematic nutrition education programs should be implemented for elementary students.

The Role of Factors Controlling the Accumulation of Biogenic Amines in Various Cheeses as Milk-Based Products: A Review (낙농유제품인 치즈에 축적된 생체 아민의 다양한 영향 인자에 관한 연구: 총설)

  • Chon, Jung-Whan;Kim, Dong-Hyeon;Kim, Hyun-Sook;Song, Kwang-Young;Lim, Jong-Soo;Choi, Dasom;Kim, Young-Ji;Lee, Soo-Kyung;Seo, Kun-Ho
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.77-92
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    • 2014
  • Fermented foods have often been implicated as causative agents in poisoning due to toxic levels of biogenic amines. Cheese, a milk-based fermented food, is the product most likely to contain potentially harmful levels of biogenic amines, such as tyramine, histamine, putrescine, and so on. Recently, the risk awareness of a dietary uptake of high loads of biogenic amines has increased. Hence, we here review the published literature on several factors known to affect the biosynthesis of biogenic amines and their accumulation in milk-based foods. Furthermore, with regard to risk analysis, we discuss the control of factors related to the synthesis and accumulation of biogenic amines as a means to reduce their incidence in milk-based products, and thus to increase food safety.

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