• 분석과학
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2002

전국적으로 67 개소의 하수종말처리장에서 배출되는 하수슬러지 중 nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), di (2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)를 이염화메탄용액으로 Soxhlet 추출후 GC/MS-SIM방법으로 분석하였다. 대부분의 하수슬러지에서 NP와 DEHP가 검출되었으며 OP는 검출되지 않았다. NP의 범위와 평균 농도는 각각 nd~593, $62{\mu}g/g$ dry 였고, DEHP의 범위와 평균농도는 각각 13~4773, $1176{\mu}g/g$ dry이었다. NP에 비하여 DEHP가 20 배 이상 높게 포함되어있었다. NP와 DEHP의 지역별 농도 증가는 전라남북도 (제주도) < 충청남북도 (강원도) < 경상남북도 < 광역시 < 경기도 순으로 증가하였다.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.132-132
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• 2002

Effects of antioxidant vitamins were investigated in di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced endocrine disruption toxicity. After rats were treated with DEHP, and vitamin C and vitamin E were supplemented for 30 days.(omitted)

• 생태와환경
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• 제37권3호통권108호
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• pp.313-318
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• 2004

Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP)는 내분비장애물질로 분류되어 있는 플라스틱 가소제로서 in vitro에서 혈구세포막에 영향을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 동자개, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco를 대상으로 DEHP 급성 노출에 따른 혈액학적 영향을 파악하기위하여 어체중 당 300 및 1,000 mg의 DEHP를 복강주사하였다. DEHP (1,000 mg b.w. $^{-1}$에 노출된 동자개는 적혈구수와 혈색소 농도 및 적혈구 용적이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 혈청 내 유기성분인 총단백질량, 콜레스테를 수치는 300 및 1,000 mg 주사구에서 유의적으로 감소하였으며 지방산의 농도는 1,000 mg 주사구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 혈청 무기성분인 칼슘농도와 혈액 삼투압 농도는 1,000 mg DEHP 노출구에서 유의적인 감소가 관찰되었다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2020

Phthalates and those metabolites have long history in industry and suspected to have deficient effects in development and reproduction. These are well-known anti-androgenic chemicals and many studies have examined the effects of these compounds on male reproduction as toxins and endocrine disruptors. Uterus is a key organ for proper embryo development, successful reproduction, and health of eutherian mammals including women. To understand the effects of the phthalate, the horizontal approach with a whole group of phthalate is best but the known phthalates are huge and all is not uncovered. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most common product of plasticizers in polymer products and studied many groups. Although, there is limited studies on the effects of phthalates on the female, a few studies have proved the endocrine disrupting characters of DEHP or phthalate mixture in female. An acute and high dose of DEHP has adverse effects on uterine histological characters. Recently, it has been revealed that a chronical low-dose exposing of DEHP works as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC). DEHP can induce various cellular responses including the expression regulation of steroid hormone receptors, transcription factors, and paracrine factors. Interestingly, the response of uterus to DEHP is not monotonous and the exposed female has various phenotypes in fertility. These suggest that the exposing of DEHP may causes of histological modification in uterus and of disease in female such as endometriosis, hyperplasia, and myoma in addition to developmental and reproductive toxicity.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2000

일회용 위생장갑에서 diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-propyl phthalate (DprP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 및 dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) 등과 같은 phthalate ester 와 di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) 을 분석하였다. 일회용 위생장갑은 소매점에서 구입하였으며, 사염화탄소를 추출용매로 6시간 동안 Soxhlet 장치에서 추출하였다. 8종의 제품 모두 poly-ethylene (PE) 재질이었으며, 식품위생법에 따라 box 포장에 표기 사항이 있었다. 8 종의 모든 제품에서 Phthalate ester 류 와 DEHA는 검출한계를 넘지 않았다. Phthalate esters 인 DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP와 DEHA의 검출한계는 각각 1.8, 1.9, 1.3, 1.1, 0.9, 0.7, 2.1 와 0.8 mg/L 이었다.

• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2001

Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used phthalate ester in polyvinyl chloride formulations including food packing and storage of human blood. DEHP is a well known as non-genotoxic carcinogen and endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC). DEHP have shown all negative results in ICH-guildeline recommended standard genotoxicity test battery. In this study, to assess the clastogenic and DNA damaging effect in human-derived tissue specific cells, DEHP was treated in human derived MCE-7 cells, HepG2 cells, LNCap cells, BeWo cells, MCE-10A cells, and female peripheral blood cells using micronucleus assay and in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells up to $1.28$\times$10^{-2}$ M using Comet assay. The in vitro micronucleus assay is a mutagenicity test system for the detection of chemicals which induce the formation of small membrane bound DNA fragment i.e. micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells, originated from clastogenic and/or aneugenic mechanism. The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay) is used to detect DNA strand-breaks and alkaline labile site. In our results, DEHP increased significantly and/or dose-depentently and time-dependently micronucleus frequency at the 6 and 24 hr without metabolic activation system only in MCE-7 cells. DEHP treated with 2 hrs in MCF-7 cells using Comet assay induced DNA damage dose-depentantly.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2020

Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μM (PM_2.5) is one of the major environmental pollutants. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an endocrine disrupting chemical in PM_2.5, has been utilized for the manufacturing of polyvinyl chloride to increase the flexibility of final products. In the present study, we investigated the ecotoxicological effect of DEHP on the viability of skin keratinocytes (HaCaT). DEHP induced apoptotic cell death mediated by phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase through the production of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Interestingly, we found that DEHP induces the phosphorylation of the nuclear factor-kappa B responsible for the expression of cleaved caspase-3 as an executional cell death protease in HaCaT cells. On the basis of these results, we suggest that DEHP in PM_2.5 induces the apoptotic death of human keratinocytes via ROS-mediated signaling events.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2001

The estrogenic potency of di -2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) using reverse transcriptase-PCR respouse of liver vitellogenin mRNA in male African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) was studied. Male frogs were injected with DEHP at dose of 300$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg and 300 mg/kg body weight through the dorsal lymph sac. After 4 days, using suitable pair of RT-PCR primers, vitellogenin mRNA induction in the liver was measured and DEHP showed vitellogenin mRNA induction in only the group treated with 300 mg/kg. Any significant histological abnormalities by the exposure of DEHP was not shown in both testis and liver.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2021

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) could induce metabolic disorders through interfering with thyroid homeostasis. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of short term to environmental relevant doses of DEHP on thyroid hormones. Four week old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with vehicle (corn oil), and DEHP 0.75, 7.5, and 150 mg/kg/day. The rats were treated with once daily by oral gavage and were sacrificed with after 1 week. They were measured body weight and relative thyroid weight, serum thyroid hormones and histological changes of thyroid. There was no difference in body weight between the control and DEHP exposed rats. Relative thyroid weight in DEHP 150 mg/kg/day treated group was significantly lower than control. Serum thyroxine levels was decreased in rats exposed to 0.75 and 150 mg/kg/day DEHP. No histological changes were observed in the thyroid of rats administered DEHP compared to control. Exposure to DEHP at environmental relevant levels, even short-term exposure, can cause hypothyroidism in adolescent rats even the exposure period is relative short.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.1244-1250
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• 2000

식품에서 내분비계장애추정물질로 의심되는 DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP 및 DCHP 등과 같은 phthalate esters와 DEHA를 동시 정량 분석하였다. GC/FID를 사용하여 지방 함유 식품의 일종인 짬뽕에서 가소제를 정량하기 위한 최적의 분석방법을 검토하였다. Phthalate esters인 DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP와 DEHA의 검출한계는 각각 3.5, 5.3, 2.2, 2.2, 7.2, 1.7, 1.9 와 3.0 mg/kg이었다. Acetone/n-hexane(1:1) 추출용매 system을 사용하여 4회 추출하고 HP-1701 column이 장착된 GC/FID를 사용했을때의 phthalate esters인 DEP, DprP, DBP, DPP, BBP, DEHP, DCHP와 DEHA의 회수율이 각각 72.7, 85.9, 91.4, 97.1, 100.8, 103.2, 104.3 및 95.8% 이었다. 3종의 업소용 PVC wrap으로 짬뽕을 각각 덮은채 30분간 shaking(120회/분)한 후 이행되는 가소제 함량을 조사하였다. 3종의 PVC wrap에서 짬뽕으로 DEHA가 각각 577, 706, 770 mg/kg 이행되어 검출되었으며 다른 phthalate esters는 검출되지 않았다.