• 아동학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2010

This study sought to investigate and assess the development patterns of children, aged from 3 to 5, by means of a longitudinal approach. The children's developmental patterns are classified according to five curriculum areas; physical health, social skills, expression, language, and exploration-. The developmental patterns are analyzed in detail according to the observation period, children's ages, and their genders. The subjects consisted of 108 children in A city. A research assistant was asked to observe and keep records of the children's behaviors at three distinct times -early, middle, and late in the school year. The 'observational scale for children' was used as the measurement tool. The data which was thus collected was then subject to statistical analysis. The major findings of the study are as follows. First, there were significant differences in all five curriculum areas according to the children's age and observation period. That is, five-year-old children showed higher scores than three- and four-year-old children. Second, there were significant differences in the social development within five curriculum areas according to the children's gender and the observation period. That is, girls exhibited higher scores than boys.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2003

This study was carried out to assess the combined repeated dose, reproduction and developmental toxicities of benzoyl peroxide for OECD SIDS (Screening Information Data Set) program. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to benzoyl peroxide at dose levels of 0, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg/day for 29 days for males and for 41-51 days for females. No deaths were found in all animals including control group during exposure period. No hematological effects attributable to benzoyl peroxide were observed in all treated groups. Significant decrease in the weight of testes and epididymis were observed in males at 1,000 mg/kg/day. In females at 1,000 mg/kg/day, slight histopathological effects in uterus such as epithelial vacuolation or hyperplasia were observed. No treatment-related changes in precoital time and rate of copulation, fertility and gestation period were noted in all treated groups. There was no evidence of teratogenic effect of benzoyl peroxide, but body weight of pups at 1,000 mg/kg/day was significantly decreased. NOAEL for combined repeated dose and reproduction/developmental toxicity was 500 mg/kg/day.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 1994

An experiment was conducted to establish a large scale production method of anti-serum against chicken IgA and to profile the developmental changes of serum IgA levels during the feeding period(from hatching to 7 weeks of age) in broiler chicks. Blood samples were taken from Hubbard chicken at the age of hatching, 3 days of age, and weekly thereafter till to 7 weeks of age. The pure IgA was isolated from ammonium sulfate treated chicken bile juice by gel filtration chromatography ( Sepharose GL-6B) - The quantitative assay of serum IgA were carried by RID method. Developmental changes of serum IgA concentrations were 0.42 mg /mL at hatching, thereafter dicreased gradually, lowest at 1 week of age(0.17 mg /mL), and gradually increased to 7 weeks of age(2.73 mg /mL). There was no sexual difference in serum IgA level, but female chicks showed higher IgA levels than male chicks during the experimental period.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.328-335
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• 2021

In the era of 'Untact', virtual reality-based job training platforms are actively being used as part of non-face-to-face education for students with developmental disabilities. Because the people with developmental disabilities may lack sufficient cognitive abilities, it is difficult to conduct untact training seamlessly without the help of a third party. Therefore, it is necessary for training programs to identify the right timing to provide help so that the training can be continued. This research analyzed the visual attention of students with developmental disabilities in virtual reality-based job training program in order to determine the point of time when an intervention is required by the trainee. Results showed that students who completed the mission tended to have intense visual attention on a small number of objects for a certain period of time; the visual attention of the students who failed tended to shift erratically among multiple objects.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

목적 : 본 연구는 형제그룹 감각통합치료가 전반적 발달장애 아동의 사회적 상호작용에 미치는 효과에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 전반적 발달장애 진단을 받은 만 7~8세 아동 2명을 대상으로 2011년 7월부터 9월까지 총 8주간 형제그룹 감각통합치료를 실시하였다. 개별실험연구방법(single subject research design) 중 A-B-A' 설계를 사용하였으며, 기초선 A 3회기, 중재기 B 16회기, 기초선 A' 3회기로 총 22회기를 적용하였다. 사회적 상호작용의 질은 기초선 A와 A'기간에 ESI(Evaluation Social Interaction)를 통하여 측정하였다. 사회적 상호작용의 빈도는 기초선 기간에는 중재가 없는 상태에서 측정하였으며, 중재기간에는 매 중재 후 10분간의 자유놀이를 비디오로 촬영하여 등간기록법(interval recording)을 통해 측정하였다. 결과 : 대상 아동 모두에게서 중재 후 사회적 상호작용의 질은 통계적으로 유의한 향상을 보였다. 또한 매 회기 중재 후 실시한 자유놀이에서 대상 아동 모두 기초선 A의 평균과 2표준편차 밴드 이상인 값들이 두 개 이상 연속으로 나타나 사회적 상호작용의 빈도에서도 통계적으로 유의한 변화가 나타났다. 결론 : 형제그룹 감각통합치료가 전반적 발달장애 아동의 사회적 상호작용에 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 임상에서 전반적 발달장애 아동에게 사회적 상호작용 향상을 위한 치료방법으로써 형제그룹 감각통합치료를 효과적으로 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 2018

Endocrine disruptors have been concerned in toxicology but now challenged as physiological point especially concerned with exposing dose and period. In this study the low-dose chronic administration of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthaltae (DEHP) during reproductive period was examined to evaluate the possible roles. Adult male and female CD-1 mice were exposed to DEHP with drinking water containing $133{\mu}g/L$ and $1,330{\mu}g/L$ DEHP in water according to OECD 433 guide line and sacrificed just after weaning. The weights of uterus and ovary were decreased by drinking of $1,330{\mu}g/L$ DEHP water. There was not adverse effects on either accumulated mating rate and mating rate depend on estrus stage, pregnancy duration, and sex ration at birth. However, the accumulated rate of successful delivery and litter size were significantly high at $1,330{\mu}g/L$ DEHP water. The number of epididymal sperm was significantly increased by drinking of $1,330{\mu}g/L$ DEHP water. In addition, the number of follicles (primary, secondary, tertiary) were more many than control at $1,330{\mu}g/L$ DEHP water drunk mother. Though further studies are needed to identify what are the mechanism of DEHP in folliculogenesis and spermatogenesis. From this study we firstly report the effect of low-dose chronic administration of DEHP with drinking could change the ovarian follicle population size and spermatogenesis rate. Put together, those finding is different from previous high-dose effects and suggest the physiological role of DEHP in gonads and uterus.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2015

목적: 우리나라 케톤분해이상질환군의 연령별분포, 임상양상 등을 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2015년 9월 사이에 소변유기산분석을 시행하였던 2,794명의 환자 중에서 반복부하 유기산분석으로 진단된 67명의 케톤분해이상질환군환자들의 임상양상을 분석하였다. 결과: 케톤분해이상질환군 환자의 분포는 신생아기 1명, 영아기 30명, 소아기 31명, 청소년기 5명으로 나타났고, 가장 많은 주증상은 경련발작이었으며 발달지연을 동반한 경련발작, 발달지연 등이 뒤를 이었다. 결론: 우리나라의 발병빈도는 다른 나라에 비하여 높은 것으로 판단되며, 소아청소년과 의사들의 관심이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제23권
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• pp.37-48
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• 1981

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.69-85
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to identify developmental trajectories of externalizing problems in preschoolers and to investigate dimensions of temperament and parental behaviors associated with trajectory groups. Subjects were 180 3- to 5-year-old preschoolers (96 males, 84 females) in the metropolitan area of Seoul. They were assessed three times at 5 month intervals over a one year period. Teachers reported on children's behavior problems, and parents reported on children's temperaments. Latent Growth Curve Modeling Analysis with cohort sequential design revealed externalizing behaviors gradually decreased between 3 and 6. At the 6-year-old level externalizing behaviors were associated with high novelty seeking temperament. The results were discussed in terms of the importance of longitudinal research in developmental psychopathology.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.449-455
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• 1991

The water striders, gerris paludum insularis larvae which were fed with the drosophila melanogaster cultured on the appli diet and artificial diet, were reared in the growth cabinet controlled as the two constant temperature regimes of 25 c and 30 c under the condition of photoperiod 16l : 8d, light intensity 510 240 lux, relative humidity 65 3%, and in the natural state. The effects of temperature and diet on the devolopment of g. paludum insularis were analyzed and the results were summarized as follows. 1. The total developmental period of the water strider larvae fed with the d. melanogaster reared on the apple diet at the natural stste was the longest 40 days, and the total devopmental periods at 25 c and 30 c were 35 days and 27 days respectively. The tolal developmental period of larvae fed with d. melanogaster reared on the artifical diet at 25 c was the longest 42 dats, and the total developmental periods at natural stste and 30 c were 32 days and 27 days, respectively. 2. In the larval developmental stages, the fifth stage was longer than that of any stage. The duration of egg stage which was not influenced by diet at 25 c was the longest. 3. The water strider larvae fed which the d. melanogaster reared on the artificial diet at 25 c did not complete their devolopment. 4. No significant difference was odserved in the developmentperiod for diet at 30 c. but, there were significant differences in developmental periods for diet at 25 c and natural state. 5. The rate of adult emergence on the apple diet was higher than that of the artificial diet was higher than of the artificial diet. 6. The shapes of the survivorship curve were convex-curve. 7. The development periods of the larval stages of water striders might be affected to temperature and diet dependently.