• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.482-490
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• 2017

This study was carried out to analyze the pasting and antioxidant characteristics of cooked mixed grains consisting of germinated millet and rice with varying addition rates and cooking methods. In this study, we chose two foxtail millets: glutinous ('Samdachal') and non-glutinous ('Samdame'), along with a glutinous proso millet ('Ibaekchal'). Cooked mixed grain rice-added germinated millet was cooked by general and high pressure cooking methods, with and without fermented alcohol. The peak and trough viscosity of germinated millet were decreased significantly with increasing amounts of germinated millet. The phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of cooked rice-added germinated millet increased significantly with the addition of germinated millet (p<0.05). The total polyphenol contents of cooked rice-added germinated Samdachal, Samdame, and Ibaekchal were 127.74~194.11, 128.20~192.56, and $128.88{\sim}171.28{\mu}g\;GAE/g$, respectively. The total flavonoid contents were 13.79~30.23, 14.77~25.99, and $15.28{\sim}29.56{\mu}g\;CE/g$, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were 3.31~5.73 and 6.31~9.69 mg TE/100 g for cooked rice-added germinated Samdachal; 3.14~8.58 and 6.05~10.19 mg TE/100 g for Samdame; and 3.37~7.45 and 6.27~9.27 mg TE/100 g for Ibaekchal, respectively. In this study, phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of cooked mixed grain rice-added germinated millet with different addition rates and cooking methods can be used as basic data for manufacturing processed products.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.871-907
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish a new rural development policy system based on the unit of a community organizations. This study is to complement or replace the existing rural development system which is based on the unit of rural villages. The communalism which is the core concept of traditional rural villages has been weakened or destroyed. Especially, economic, social and spatial communalism of a rural villages has been weakened rapidly in the process of industralization and urbanization for the last 50 years. This means that strong communalism inside rural villages and neighborhood independence from each others among rural villages are already weakened. Rural villages no longer represent rural area, unlikely the hypothesis policy makers have been used to set up rural development policies. Advanced countries like EU and Japan are well known to have a rural development policy based on the units of social organizations in the rural area. These policies have been on the main stream in the era of local decentralization. Rural resident's organization made rural site's development plan using local assets and submitted to the public sector. Then the public sector examine its value and possibilities as a rural development projects. And public sector finalize the decision on subsidy grant. These policy patterns are already introduced partly in the field of urban development programme as well as rural development programme. It is time to apply those policies more widely and to examine more systematically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.35-49
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• 2013

The study area is Cheonjang-ri, also called Alps village, making continuous profit after performing Comprehensive Rural Village Development Projects. This study aims to determine the development process of activities about urban and rural interchange and its characteristics for making continuous profit by residents themselves. A focus on thinking about the process is necessary to make activities in order to achieve continuous profits in the underdeveloped rural village by residents themselves. As a result of this study, Alps village has developed new activities, improving problems which are encountered on the development process of activities. And, Alps village has developed new activities by linking them with previous activities. To improve problems, Alps village has made an effort by itself and cooperated with the subject, both inside and outside of the village. This way has been effective for increasing the number of visitors in village. Increasing the number of visitors in village has been effective in making a continuous profit. Also, continuing to make new activities in order to substitute previous activities including problems has been effective to increase profit.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.spc
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• pp.689-702
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• 2016

In this study, it was promoted for the purpose of direction for rural landscape planning and management through the analysis of the factors of change in the rural landscape. In the course of research, through literature review study and field surveys, to derive the 25 factors that influence the change in the rural landscape. Later, 25 factors were evaluated in the impact on landscape by experts. 25 factors of the rural landscape were a comprehensive analysis and the results of literature review study and field surveys about the five villages of research area; Ji-San village, Non-Gae village, etc. Expert evaluation was carried out by the rural landscape, and architecture professionals of various related fields. As a result of the analysis, the flow of rural development policy and the business had a great effect on the physical changes in the rural landscape. Furthermore, additional factors such as population structure and lifestyle have made the change in the complex landscapes. Meaning the study has is to provide information on what need there are considered factors in the rural landscape planning and management. The reason is that, since the rural landscape characteristics are different, in order to develop the more efficient rural landscape plan and management.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.312-312
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• 2022

Peanut hull as by-product has been discarded during peanut processing. However, peanut hull contains plenty of polyphenols that shows various physiological activities. The objectives of this study were to investigate anti-inflammatory and enzyme inhibitory activities of polyphenols from 'Sinpalkwang' peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) hull. Compounds were isolated from methanol extracts of peanut hull by preparative-high performance liquid chromatography after identifying and quantifying polyphenols using Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and UPLC-Quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry profiling. The structures of compounds were elucidated by one-dimensional [¹H, ¹³C] nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and two-dimensional NMR (correlated spectroscopy, heteronuclear single quantum coherence and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation). Three compounds were identified as 5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one (peak 2), luteolin (peak 4) and eriodictyol (peak 5). Significant differences in inflammatory mediator such as nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-lβ) in lipopolysaccharide stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages and in enzyme (xanthine oxidase [XO] and α-glucosidase [AG]) inhibitory activities were observed between three compounds (p < 0.05). Peak 5 treated Raw 264.7 macrophages showed lower content of NO (16.4 uM), IL-6 (7.0 ng/mL), and IL-1β (60.6 pg/mL) than peak 2 (NO: 28.3 uM, IL-6: 11.3 ng/mL, IL-1β: 66.9 pg/mL) and peak 4 (NO: 24.7 uM, IL-6: 9.3 ng/mL, IL-1β: 62.6 pg/mL). Peak 5 showed higher XO inhibitory activity (84.7%) and higher AG inhibitory activity (52.4%) than peak 2 (XO inhibitory activity: 45.4%, AG inhibitory activity: 21.6%) and peak 4 (XO inhibitory activity: 37.9%, AG inhibitory activity: 37.5%) at concentration of 0.5mg/mL. This study suggests that peanut hull could be a potential source of anti-inflammatory and physiological materials while creating new use of discarded peanut hull as by-products concomitantly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.193-193
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• 2005

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.747-754
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of high-oleate and normal-oleate peanut consumption on adipose mass and serum lipids in obese-induced C57BL/6J mice. After four weeks of the high-fat diet, mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (NC) diet, high-fat control (HFC) diet, high-oleate peanut-seed (HOPS) diet, normal-oleate peanut-seed (NOPS) diet, high-oleate peanut-oil (HOPO) diet, and olive-oil (OO) diet. After four weeks, all four experimental diet groups showed significantly lower body weight and epididymal fat weight than HFC group. In four experimental diet groups, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly higher than HFC group. TG was significantly decreased in HOPS group (92.1±1.2 mg/dL) than NOPS group (101.7±5.3 mg/dL, p<0.05). Similarly, LDL-C was significantly lower in HOPS group (66.1±2.8 mg/dL) than NOPS (76.9±1.5 mg/dL, p<0.05), on the other hand, HDL-C indicated a significant elevation in HOPS (50.5±2.1 mg/dL) than NOPS group (45.2±1.6 mg/dL, p<0.05). This result suggests that the consumption of high-oleate peanut has a favorable effect on the plasma lipid profile.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.138-147
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• 2023

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), which is a traditional Korean crop, has been known as a health food due to its rich nutrition. This study was conducted to evaluate the change in flavonoid content of flowers and seeds during post-flowering growth of Korean tartary buckwheat variety 'Hwanggeummiso', with the aim of providing basic data for the development of functional food and feed additive. Tartary buckwheat took 69 and 99 days from the sowing date to reach the flowering and maturity stages, respectively. As a result of examining the flavonoid components of each part of tartary buckwheat, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and isoquercitrin of flowers increased from the flowering period on 22 May (0 days after flowering) to 42 days after flowering, while quercetin increased until 21 days after flowering and then decreased thereafter. In seeds, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and isoquercitrin were most abundant at the time of seed-bearing on 14 days after flowering, and showed a decreasing tendency thereafter. On the other hand, quercetin showed a tendency to increase until 21 days after flowering and then decrease. Overall, the flavonoid content was higher in flowers than in seeds, with rutin being particularly prominent. Based on this, the possibility as food materials and feed additives was confirmed using buckwheat produced in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2007

Land development policy in Korea, characterized by its supply-oriented policy, has driven rapid economic development. However, it has a negative impact on the natural environment across the country. Especially, as the introduction of quashi-farmland system with the deregulation of agricultural land development in the late 1990s, numerous unfavorable landscape features such as road, motels and apartment have emerged in the rural area. As those interfered irreversible rural landscapes have been expanded, the demand for well preserved rural landscapes have been increased. The objectives of this study, thus, is to suggest the mitigations between the land development and conservation of natural landscape. As such, this study examines the recognition of current rural landscape management status through 118 students with two groups of landscape architecture majored (50 people) and non-landscape majored (68). Both group express the negative impression of current rural landscape management system in general and they pointed out the major landscape problems are caused from inappropriate land use. However, in detail those two groups respond differently, for example, the first group selected the damaged landscape is the second cause of the landscape problem, while the other group selected the poorly maintained settlements. Based on the analysis of the survey, this study suggests 3 recommendations in order to improve the sustainable rural landscape as establishing the proper rural land use planning system, building local governments' capacity to actively participate in the rural landscape management, and preparing the landscape management plans considering area distinctive characteristics.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.353-364
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• 2020

Recently in Korea, soybean harvesting has been delayed due to rainfall during the harvesting season, resulting in a reduction in yield and seed quality. This study was conducted to analyze the changes in yield and seed quality during delayed harvest with rainfall treatment using different harvesting methods, including field harvesting and polyethylene film covering after cutting fully-matured soybean plants (PE covering after cutting), with two major Korean soybean cultivars (Glycine max L), Pungsannamulkong and Daewonkong. The shattering rate of Pungsannamulkong, which is higher than that of Daewonkong, increased up to 41.8% when the harvest was delayed for 40 days without rainfall treatment by harvesting with PE covering after cutting. The weight of 100 seeds tended to decrease slightly as harvesting was delayed. When Daewonkong was harvested using the PE covering after cutting method with rainfall treatment, the yield decreased to the lowest level with a 0.8 kg ha^-1 daily reduction rate. Pungsannamulkong showed the lowest yield when harvested using PE covering after cutting without rainfall treatment with a 3.4 kg ha^-1 daily reduction rate. The infected seed rate increased according to the harvest delay in both cultivars, and significant differences were observed according to rainfall treatment and harvesting method. The germination rate was maintained above 95% even after 40 days of delayed harvest if there was no rainfall treatment. However, with rainfall treatment, the germination rate was significantly lowered as harvesting time was delayed. In the field harvesting with rainfall treatment, the germination rate decreased to 77.2% for Daewonkong and 76.5% for Pungsannamulkong after 40 days of harvest delay. For the 100-seed weight, effects of individual treatments and interactions between treatments were not observed. In contrast, the effect of interactions between treatments on the shattering rate was significant in both cultivars, indicating that the shattering rate had the greatest impact on the yield changes during delayed harvest.