• 풍력에너지저널
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.69-82
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• 2023

Offshore wind farms (OWFs) should be promoted as part of global efforts to respond to climate change, and efforts to preserve biodiversity in terms of climate change adaptation should also be considered. However, the ecological status of marine birds related to OWFs on the Korean Peninsula, such as habitat and reproduction, are not well known. In this study, ecological reasons for the reproductive status of Black-tailed gulls in Korea and representation related to OWFs, the evaluation direction of marine birds related to OWFs was presented. In a review of the techniques for monitoring marine birds, it was confirmed that Korea also needs to provide basic status information on marine birds at the national level. In addition, this study analyzed the reproductive status and related research status of Black-tailed gulls, an important indicator and dominant species on the Korean Peninsula, in relation to marine development projects including OWFs. Furthermore, the direction of environmental impact assessment preparation and impact prediction for various development projects promoted in the ocean, such as OWFs, was considered.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2049-2056
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• 2011

The reinforced-roadbed materials composed of crushed stones are used for preventing vertical deformation and reducing impact load caused by highspeed train. Repeated load application can induce deformation in the reinforced-roadbed layer so that it causes irregularity of track. Thus it is important to understand characteristics of permanent deformation in the reinforced-subbase materials. The characteristics of permanent deformation can be simulated by prediction model that can be obtained by performing repetitive triaxial test. The prediction model of permanent deformation is a key-role in construction of design method of track. The prediction model of permanent deformation is represented in usual as the hyperbolic function with increase of number of load repetition. The prediction model is sensitive to many factors including stress level etc. so that it is important to define parameters of the model as clearly as possible. Various data obtained from repetitive triaxial test and resonant column test using the reinforced-roadbed of crushed stone are utilized to develop a new prediction model based on concept of shear-stress ratio and elastic modulus. The new prediction model of permanent deformation can be adapted for developing design method of track in the future.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.495-507
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• 2017

1985년에 온천관광지 조성계획이 추진되었으나 2017년 현재까지도 지역간 환경갈등이 지속되고 있는 '문장대 온천 관광지 조성사업' EIA의 사례연구를 통하여 환경소송의 한계와 ADR로서 EIA 제도의 적용가능성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 환경영향의 과학적 사전예측으로 사회갈등 환경갈등을 예방하기 위한 민주적 절차인 EIA 제도를 통하여 지역주민 의견수렴 및 'EIA 협의의견'을 환경 거버넌스 차원에서 의사결정 과정에 반영하면 환경소송의 폐해를 미연에 방지하게 되어 ADR로 기능할 수 있다. 우리나라에서도 EIA 주민참여 범위를 'Aarhus 협약' 수준으로 확대된 공중의견 수렴제도를 점진적으로 도입하여 실질적인 ADR 기능을 강화시킬 수 있다. 막대한 영향을 미치는 개발계획 및 개발사업에 관련된 의사결정 과정에 공청회 등의 거버넌스를 통하여 사회적 형평성 및 환경적 지속가능성을 핵심으로 하는 EIA 제도는 궁극적으로는 우리나라의 지역차원에서 SDG를 구현시킬 수 있는 적합한 ESSD 수단이 될 수 있다.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2024

The yield is basic and necessary information in precision agriculture that reduces input resources and enhances productivity. Yield information is important because it can be used to set up farming plans and evaluate farming results. Yield monitoring systems are commercialized in the United States and Japan but not in Korea. Therefore, such a system must be developed. This study was conducted to develop a yield monitoring system that improved performance by correcting a previously developed flow sensor using a grain tank-weighing system. An impact-plated type flow sensor was installed in a grain tank where grains are placed, and grain tank-weighing sensors were installed under the grain tank to estimate the weight of the grain inside the tank. The grain flow rate and grain weight prediction models showed high correlations, with coefficient of determinations (R2) of 0.9979 and 0.9991, respectively. A main controller of the yield monitoring system that calculated the real-time yield using a sensor output value was also developed and installed in a combine harvester. Field tests of the combine harvester yield monitoring system were conducted in a rice paddy field. The developed yield monitoring system showed high accuracy with an error of 0.13%. Therefore, the newly developed yield monitoring system can be used to predict grain weight with high accuracy.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.505-517
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• 2016

The structural integrity of a dual-purpose metal cask currently under development by the Korea Radioactive Waste Agency (KORAD) was evaluated, through numerical simulations and a model test, under high-speed missile impact reflecting targeted aircraft crash conditions. The impact conditions were carefully chosen through a survey on accident cases and recommendations from literature. In the impact scenario, a missile flying horizontally hits the top side of the cask, which is freestanding on a concrete pad, with a velocity of 150 m/s. A simplified missile simulating a commercial aircraft engine was designed from an impact loade-time function available in literature. In the analyses, the dynamic behavior of the metal cask and the integrity of the containment boundary were assessed. The simulation results were compared with the test results for a 1:3 scale model. Although the dynamic behavior of the cask in the model test did not match exactly with the prediction from the numerical simulation, other structural responses, such as the acceleration and strain history during the impact, showed very good agreement. Moreover, the containment function of the cask survived the missile impact as expected from the numerical simulation. Thus, the procedure and methodology adopted in the structural numerical analyses were successfully validated.

• 대기
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2012

Does snow depth initialization have a quantitative impact on sub-seasonal to seasonal prediction skill? To answer this question, a snow depth initialization technique for seasonal forecast system has been implemented and the impact of the initialization on the seasonal forecast of surface air temperature during the wintertime is examined. Since the snow depth observation can not be directly used in the model simulation due to the large systematic bias and much smaller model variability, an anomaly rescaling method to the snow depth initialization is applied. Snow depth in the model is initialized by adding a rescaled snow depth observation anomaly to the model snow depth climatology. A suite of seasonal forecast is performed for each year in recent 12 years (1999-2010) with and without the snow depth initialization to evaluate the performance of the developed technique. The results show that the seasonal forecast of surface air temperature over East Asian region sensitively depends on the initial snow depth anomaly over the region. However, the sensitivity shows large differences for different timing of the initialization and forecast lead time. Especially, the snow depth anomaly initialized in the late winter (Mar. 1) is the most effective in modulating the surface air temperature anomaly after one month. The real predictability gained by the snow depth initialization is also examined from the comparison with observation. The gain of the real predictability is generally small except for the forecasting experiment in the early winter (Nov. 1), which shows some skillful forecasts. Implications of these results and future directions for further development are discussed.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

This study saw developed to build a landscape monitoring methodology by simulation of landscape effect prediction. A Visual landscape planning and management system has been introduced and implemented by each ministry so as to solve the problems of visual landscape destruction due to recognition on the value of natural landscape of beautiful territory and various development projects. At present, this system emphasizes the importance of the visual and perceptual aspect of the landscape however, there is a lack of techniques required for comprehensively predicting, evaluating, and managing it. Furthermore, sustainable landscape management after the completion of development projects has been inadequately carried out, as the focus has been only on consultation in the planning process of the development project in institutional performance. The viewpoint for judging the change in the visual landscape of the development plan and development project should be selected as the effective point where the development project is expected to result in a remarkable landscape change. As for the method of selecting effective viewpoints, the main viewpoints are selected by analyzing the visible area of the target viewpoint. When selecting the viewpoint centered on the viewpoint target, it was judged that it is possible to reduce the procedure of selecting and checking the existing preliminary viewpoints and widening the effective visible range. The proposed visual landscape monitoring is expected to be able to solve the existing institutional problems, and to be used when the implementers and authors of the development projects review the effects on the landscape.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2021

돌발상황으로 인한 비반복정체로 발생하는 높은 교통비용과 혼잡을 효과적으로 해소하기 위해서 돌발상황 처리시간을 예측하는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 인공신경망을 활용한 예측모델 개발을 위해 국내 도로상황에 적합한 돌발상황 처리시간 영향요인을 분석하고, 이를 학습데이터로 생성하였다. 기존 연구에서 장시간 소요되는 돌발상황 처리시간에 대한 과소 예측 문제가 발생하여 이에 대한 해결방안으로 본 연구에서는 SMOGN기법을 적용한 오버샘플링 학습데이터를 생성하여 이를 모델에 적용하였다. 그 결과 SMOGN기법을 적용한 DNN모델이 MAE 18.3분으로 연구 과정에서 구축된 모델 중 가장 높은 정확도로 돌발상황 처리시간을 예측하여, 기존에 개발된 예측모델의 한계점을 보완할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1995

At both international and national levels, such as in the Rio Declaration and the EU's Fifth Environmental Action Plan, governments have committed themselves to the adoption of the precautionary principle (UNCED 1992, CEC 1992). These commitments mean that the existence of uncertainty in appraising policies and proposals for development should be acknowledged. Uncertainty arise in both the prediction of impacts and in the evaluation of their significance, particularly of those cumulative impacts which are individually insignificant but cumulatively damaging. The EC network of EIA experts, stated at their last meeting in Athens that indirect effects and the treatment of uncertainty are one of the main deficiencies of current EIA practice. Uncertainties in decision-making arise where choices have been made in the development of the policy or proposal, such as the selection of options, the justification for that choice, and the selection of different indicators to comply with different regulatory regimes. It is also likely that a weighting system for evaluating significance will have been used which may be implicit rather than explicit. Those involved in decision-making may employ different tolerances of uncertainty than members of the public, for instance over the consideration of the worst-case scenario. Possible methods for dealing with these uncertainties include scenarios, sensitivity analysis, showing points of view, decision analysis, postponing decisions and graphical methods. An understanding of the development of cumulative environmental impacts affords not only ecologic but also socio-economic investigations. Since cumulative impacts originate mainly in centres of urban or industrial development, in particular an analysis of future growth effects that might possibly be induced by certain development impacts. Not least it is seen as an matter of sustainability to connect this issue with ecological research. The serious attempt to reduce the area of uncertainty in environmental planning is a challenge and an important step towards reliable planning and sustainable development.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.81-82
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• 2024

Urban air mobility (UAM) is emerging as an innovative transportation solution for cities. However, the potential noise impact on urban life must be carefully examined. Continuous exposure to UAM noise, with its unique frequency characteristics and temporal variability, may adversely affect citizens' health by causing sleep disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive impairmenet, particularly in children. NASA has formed a UAM Noise Working Group to study this issue comprehensively. In Korea, the Seoul Metropolitan Government's UAM demonstration project is expected to accelerate related research and development. Scientific analysis, including noise measurement, prediction modeling, and health impact assessment, must be prioritized. Measures to minimize noise should be established based on this evidence, such as optimizing flight modes, developing noise reduction technologies, and establishing new noise management standards. Transparency and social consensus are crucial throughout this process. Expert review and open communication with civil society are necessary to address related concerns. Sharing demonstration project results and providing opportunities to experience UAM noise through digital twin simulations can help address public concerns and build social consensus. Proactively and scientifically tackling noise issues is essential for the sustainable development and successful integration of UAM into daily life.