• 수완나부미
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.271-303
• /
• 2023

In 1991, Malaysia, under the leadership of then-Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, launched an ambitious 30-year national development program known as Vision 2020. The goal of this program was to transform Malaysia into a First World developed nation by the year 2020. One of the aspirations of the program was to create a psychologically liberated, secure, ethical, and mature democratic society. Vision 2020 is a failure and Malaysia is still not a mature democracy. This article identifies four main areas that make up a flawed democracy practiced in Malaysia, and shows how they work against the country's aspirations to become a developed nation. The electoral system is rigged to help the incumbent remain in power. The widespread practices of money politics have become a curse to the country. The press and media organizations are restricted. Civil society activities are suppressed. As a result of these issues, Malaysia will not be able to achieve the status of a developed nation, lacking democratic accountability and inclusive institutions.

• 기술사
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 1991

To date Korean electronic industry has held a position of the first rank both in productions and exports among the nation's industries. However, it is gradually losing its competitive foundation in the world market owing both to the weakening in price competition by least developed among developing countries(LDDC) and to the lack in technological competition with industrially advanced countries. Specifically it is worried about an industrial subordination to industrially advanced countries owing to an evasion of components supply, control of amount of materials, and the evasion of kernel technology transfer etc. As the condition has developed, both the government and the electronic industry in July of this year came to jointly establish a research and development center for electronic components for the purpose of rehabilitating the electronic industry and accordingly strengthen the export industry which has been and continuance to be vital to our nation.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 1998

In this study, a model was developed to analyze the capacity and the total price of the agricultural products marketing between nations through the estimation of the production and consumption amount of the agricultural products in each nation and the analysis of the price and transport cost to each nation. The method which can contribute to the agricultural policy decision support was devised. The main concept of the method is to compute the potential import-export amount and total cost among the nations. In the application, wheat was selected to evaluate the model. The application results showed that the model could analyzed the unit consumption and storage amount per capital of each nation and the price and transport cost per unit weight from each export nation, provided the policy decision maker with the basic data analyzed by GIS.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2014

The ion energy distributions (IEDs) arriving at a substrate strongly affect the etching rates in plasma etching processes. In order to determine the IEDs accurately, it is important to obtain the characteristics of radio frequency (rf) sheath at pulsed rf substrates. However, very few studies have been conducted to investigate pulsing effect on IEDs at multiple rf driven electrodes. Therefore, in this work, we extended previous one-dimensional dynamics model for pulsed-bias electrodes. We obtained the IEDs using the developed rf sheath model and observed that numerically solved IEDs are in a good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국비블리아학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.89-111
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 우리나라의 전국적 도서관 협력체계 구축을 위한 모델을 개발하고 이를 발전시킬 수 있는 제도개선 방안을 제시하는데 있다. 이를 위해 도서관 협력체계에 관한 이론 분석과 국내 외 도서관 협력체계 현황 및 의견 조사를 통해 우리나라 협력체계의 문제점을 분석하고 이를 토대로 지역중심 협력체계를 근거한 전국적 협력체계모형을 제시하였으며 도서관법 등 관련법과 제도의 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제58권1호
• /
• pp.62-66
• /
• 2009

In this paper, A localized electromotion scooter controller for the senior and disabled is developed. Recently, the population which uses the electromotion wheel chair or electromotion scooter is increasing. The reason is that the electromotion wheel chair and electromotion scooter were newly applied in medical treatment grant item. In the whole world, electromotion scooter controller is coming to be produced above a hundred of millions. The products produced are consuming from most Europe and North America. the demand is increasing rapidly in Korea. The electromotion scooter which is sold to domestic is about 40,000 units, and about 70% or more in the products are imported from the foreign nation. Also controller for electromotion scooter uses the foreign nation product. Consequently, as the localized electromotion scooter controller is developed, it will be able to expect an income substitution effect, and apply to the agriculture and leisure mobile equipment parts.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2002

Emerging digital economy, e-business, especially business to business(B2B) electronic commerce is understood one most single critical competitive weapon for organizations' global competitiveness. According to government white paper, Korea's electronic commerce records expansion stage in its volume and variety. Although Korea has remarkable EC records, still some differences are existed compare to the developed countries. IT in the developed countries, played an engine for the economic restructuring as well as for the economic growth. But in Korea, it's not fully utilized by the reasons of economic and noneconomic bottlenecks. Under the digital economic surroundings, EC or e-Business, is a business system to achieve the economic efficiency in the levels of an organization as well as a nation. So, we have to find the ways to utilize our EC infrastructure to contribute for the nation's global competitiveness. To find the way, this study recommends two types of policies, pull and push, beyond the OECD's suggestion, to government in order to expansion of EC, especially B2B EC.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.14-24
• /
• 2010

기존 X-CASH 시스템은 표준 규격을 준수하고 있으나, 표준규격에 미 정의된 부분으로 인하여, 타 사의 대중교통 시스템과 호환이 불가능하다. 그래서 X-CASH 카드 사용자가 X-CASH가 운영하는 대중교통 수단 외에 다른 대중교통 수단을 이용하고 싶을 경우, 그 대중교통수단의 카드도 구입해야할 뿐만 아니라 많은 카드를 소지하고 다녀야 하기 때문에 불만이 야기되었다. 또한 X-CASH 사업자는 타 사의 인프라에 X-CASH를 적용하려고 할 경우, 타 인프라를 활용하지 못하고 X-CASH만의 독자적인 기술을 적용하여 구축해야 하기 때문에 비효율적인 비용이 유발되었다. 이를 해결하고자 기존 X-CASH 시스템을 수정하여, 기존 X-CASH 카드도 이용가능하면서도, 전국 어디에서나 대중교통을 이용할 수 있는 전국 호환 X-CASH 시스템인 전국호환 X-CASH 교통카드, 지불SAM, 지불단말기, 상호 정산시스템 등을 개발하였다. 그리고 이에 대한 적합성 평가를 성공적으로 마치고, 코레일네트웍스 및 금융결제원과 하이플러스카드가 함께 광주광역시에서 6개월간 테스트베드 운영을 성공적으로 마침으로써, 전국호환 기술을 보장하였다.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.355-368
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 근대 국민국가와 자본주의 체제가 수립된 이후 급속하게 진행된 로컬 경관의 변화를 새롭게 해석하기 위한 틀을 만들기 위한 시론적 작업으로 이루어졌다. 틀의 토대가 될 주요 개념은 권력(power), 주체성(subjectivity), 수행성(performativity)이며, 향후 이 개념들을 보다 치밀하게 결합된 해석의 틀로 발전시킨 뒤 다양하며 역동적으로 변화한 (탈)중심화 경관의 구체적 현상을 연구하는 데 응용될 것이다. 국민국가 하에서 국가권력은 통치, 국민적 정체성, 중앙집중적 경제발전 등을 실행하기 위해 상이한 로컬의 문화 역사와 다양한 주체들의 가치를 파괴하거나 주변화 시킨다. 이는 경관을 매개로 작동하며, 경관에 나타난다. 그리고 역사의 흐름 속에서 국가 권력에 의해 형성된 경관은 로컬에서 갈등의 동인으로 작동하기도 한다. 경관은 다양한 주체들에 의해 만들어지며, 역으로 생성된 경관은 사람들의 정서, 인식, 행동에 능동적인 영향을 미친다. 이러한 경관과 주체성의 역동적 관계를 근대 이념, 국민국가, 자본주의 체제는 이성/합리성, 전체성/집단성, 이성과 감성의 분리 등에 의해 위장하거나 배제 혹은 주변화시켰다. 그리고 경관과 주체성의 관계에 관한 논의는 주체들의 저항성과 창의성에 무게를 둔다. 마지막으로 경관은 선험적으로 혹은 객관적으로 표현되는 개념 혹은 주체의 감성과 인지와 분리될 수 있는 물체(혹은 객체)가 아니라 상이한 주체들과의 수행적 관계 속에서 해석되어야 한다. 수행성은 경관의 물질성, 권력, 주체성을 결합시킬 뿐만 아니라 경관 자체의 능동적 역할을 이해하는 데도 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.367-380
• /
• 2013

In this paper, an analytical threshold voltage model is developed for a short-channel double-material-gate (DMG) strained-silicon (s-Si) on silicon-germanium ($Si_{1-X}Ge_X$) MOSFET structure. The proposed threshold voltage model is based on the so called virtual-cathode potential formulation. The virtual-cathode potential is taken as minimum channel potential along the transverse direction of the channel and is derived from two-dimensional (2D) potential distribution of channel region. The 2D channel potential is formulated by solving the 2D Poisson's equation with suitable boundary conditions in both the strained-Si layer and relaxed $Si_{1-X}Ge_X$ layer. The effects of a number of device parameters like the Ge mole fraction, Si film thickness and gate-length ratio have been considered on threshold voltage. Further, the drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has also been analyzed for gate-length ratio and amount of strain variations. The validity of the present 2D analytical model is verified with ATLAS$^{TM}$, a 2D device simulator from Silvaco Inc.